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Blazar candidates beyond redshift 4 observed by Swift

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arxiv 1410.0364 v2 pith:HQZXPOFX submitted 2014-10-01 astro-ph.HE

classification astro-ph.HE
keywords blackobservedblazarcandidatesalphaconfirmextremelyformation
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abstract

We have selected SDSS J222032.50+002537.5 and SDSS J142048.01+120545.9 as best blazar candidates out of a complete sample of extremely radio-loud quasars at z>4, with highly massive black holes. We observed them and a third serendipitous candidate with similar features (PMN J2134-0419) in the X-rays with the Swift/XRT telescope, to confirm their blazar nature. We observed strong and hard X-ray fluxes (i.e. $\alpha_X<0.6$, where $F(\nu)\propto\nu^{-\alpha_X}$ in the 0.3-10keV observed energy range, ~1-40keV rest frame) in all three cases. This allowed us to classify our candidates as real blazars, being characterized by large Lorentz factors (~13) and very small viewing angles (~3deg). All three sources have black hole masses exceeding 10^9Msun and their classification provides intriguing constraints on supermassive black hole formation and evolution models. We confirm our earlier suggestion that there are different formation epochs of extremely massive black holes hosted in jetted (z~4) and non-jetted systems (z~2.5).

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  1. Supermassive black holes and their surroundings: MeV signatures

    astro-ph.HE 2025-07 unverdicted novelty 2.0 of 10

    A review of open questions in supermassive black hole physics that argues the MeV gamma-ray band is the critical missing observational window.

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