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The phase-space of boxy-peanut and X-shaped bulges in galaxies II. The relation between face-on and edge-on boxiness

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arxiv 1410.4923 v1 pith:UCV6NTRU submitted 2014-10-18 astro-ph.GA math.DSnlin.CD

classification astro-ph.GAmath.DSnlin.CD
keywords orbitsboxyface-oninnerregionviewsbarsboxiness
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We study the dynamical mechanisms that reinforce the formation of boxy structures in the \textit{inner} regions, roughly in the middle, of bars observed nearly \textit{face-on}. Outer boxiness, at the ends of the bars, is usually associated with orbits at the inner, radial 4:1 resonance region and can be studied with 2D dynamics. However, in the middle of the bar dominate 3D orbits that give boxy/peanut bulges in the edge-on views of the models. In the present paper we show that 3D quasi-periodic, as well as 3D chaotic orbits sticky to the x1v1 and x1v1$^{\prime}$ tori, especially from the Inner Lindblad Resonance (ILR) region, have boxy projections on the equatorial plane of the bar. The majority of vertically perturbed 2D orbits, initially on the equatorial plane in the ILR resonance region, enhance boxy features in face-on bars. Orbits that build a bar by supporting sharp "{\sf X}" features in their side-on views at energies \textit{beyond} the ILR, may also have a double boxy character. If populated, the extent of the inner boxiness along the major axis is about the same with that of the peanut supporting orbits in the side-on views. At any rate these orbits do not obscure the observation of the boxy orbits of the ILR region in the face-on views, as they contribute more to the surface density at the sides of the bar than to their central parts.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. OpenAlex reports about 41 citations worldwide. Full citation record

  1. GalPort: Investigation of the bar in action-angle space

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    GalPort computes multi-timescale action-angle variables and orbital classifications for evolving barred galaxy simulations, with specialised bar phase-space analysis tools.

  2. On an empirical method to build near-equilibrium axisymmetric and triaxial galaxy models

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    An improved adiabatic-squeezing method with an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise term lets modelers prescribe the final axial ratios of near-equilibrium triaxial N-body galaxy models.

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