Relativistic electron beam driven longitudinal wake-wave breaking in a cold plasma

Space-time evolution of relativistic electron beam driven wake-field in a cold, homogeneous plasma, is studied using 1D-fluid simulation techniques. It is observed that the wake wave gradu- ally evolves and eventually breaks, exhibiting sharp spikes in the density profile and sawtooth like features in the electric field profile [1]. It is shown here that the excited wakefield is a longitudi- nal Akhiezer-Polovin mode [2] and its steepening (breaking) can be understood in terms of phase mixing of this mode, which arises because of relativistic mass variation effects. Further the phase mixing time (breaking time) is studied as a function of beam density and beam velocity and is found to follow the well known scaling presented in ref.[3].