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Supernova lightCURVE POPulation Synthesis I: including interacting binaries is key to understanding the diversity of type II supernova lightcurves
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abstract
We present results of a supernova light-curve population synthesis, predicting the range of possible supernova lightcurves arising from a population of progenitor stars that include interacting binary systems. We show that the known diversity of supernova lightcurves can be interpreted as arising from binary interactions. Given detailed models of the progenitor stars, we are able to the determine what parameters within these stars determine the shape of their supernova lightcurve. The primary factors are the mass of supernova ejecta and the mass of hydrogen in the final progenitor. We find that there is a continuum of light-curve behaviour from type IIP, IIL to IIb supernovae related to the range of hydrogen and ejecta masses. Most type IIb supernovae arise from a relatively narrow range of initial masses from 10 to 15 M$_{\odot}$. We also find a few distinct lightcurves that are the result of stellar mergers.
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On the photometric and spectroscopic diversity of Type II supernovae
Type II supernova diversity is best explained by a combination of reduced hydrogen envelope mass and a confined circumstellar shell, with fast decliners requiring 0.5 to 1 solar mass of circumstellar material.
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