Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 24 of 24 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.02552.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.02552 v2

Coverage vector

measured 24 of 24 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.542397Z

measured 24 of 24 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

24 of 24 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy16
unresolved5
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier3
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 08b02628-da6c-4aad-8fcc-0bdc738558d9 · outbound

This paper cites goodness of ﬁt.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve goodness of ﬁt

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.447116Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation da7cadce-eb20-4514-9213-6de441e3334b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.261048Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 2823cc44-8b4c-4153-a9b6-699929793220 · outbound

This paper cites ■ Proof of Theorem 1 The premultiplication by Mu(q) applies a linear ﬁlter whereas S−1 u (q) im- plies weighting.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve ■ Proof of Theorem 1 The premultiplication by Mu(q) applies a linear ﬁlter whereas S−1 u (q) im- plies weighting

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.288974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ea6444b3-7d80-447d-a348-2f8a55e6c4c6 · outbound

This paper cites The Wald-SOLS test (green) and Wald-SUR test (blue) are bas ed on Proposition 2 by Wagner et al.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve The Wald-SOLS test (green) and Wald-SUR test (blue) are bas ed on Proposition 2 by Wagner et al

Reference 4

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.052194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation bafbdd9f-f1cf-4058-8faf-959fdbc35f7a · outbound

This paper cites (2) By Assumption 1, for any 1 ≤ k, i ≤ n, vkt and ηit are Near Epoch 24 Dependent in L4-norm on {[η ′ t , ε′ t]′} t∈Z of size −1 and arbitrary size, respectively.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve (2) By Assumption 1, for any 1 ≤ k, i ≤ n, vkt and ηit are Near Epoch 24 Dependent in L4-norm on {[η ′ t , ε′ t]′} t∈Z of size −1 and arbitrary size, respectively

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.227784Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 23f1f2be-e4d9-48d2-8f32-ba3d4c9afb00 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.193103Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 1d251f0f-0159-404b-be83-12268ec609eb · outbound

This paper cites 13 We conclude that ‖ ‖ ‖ˆMu(q)−Mu(q) ‖ ‖ ‖= Op (√ q3/T ).

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve 13 We conclude that ‖ ‖ ‖ˆMu(q)−Mu(q) ‖ ‖ ‖= Op (√ q3/T )

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.154148Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f6534d99-d629-4e94-97e1-b8a49d07784f · outbound

This paper cites Given Theorem 2, we have GT Z ′ ˆΣ −1u (q)ZG T = GT Z ′Σ −1 u (q)ZG T + op(1) and it converges weakly to the expression in (A.4).

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Given Theorem 2, we have GT Z ′ ˆΣ −1u (q)ZG T = GT Z ′Σ −1 u (q)ZG T + op(1) and it converges weakly to the expression in (A.4)

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.124584Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 21027b8f-5d0b-42a4-8869-45fd6c0bfd18 · outbound

This paper cites The column labeled FGLS contains the numerical value of the MSE of feasible FM-G LS.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve The column labeled FGLS contains the numerical value of the MSE of feasible FM-G LS

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.080989Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation d047831c-420d-4424-a387-1e34495a27be · outbound

This paper cites The Wald-SOLS test (green) and Wald-SUR test (blue) are bas ed on Proposition 2 by Wagner et al.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve The Wald-SOLS test (green) and Wald-SUR test (blue) are bas ed on Proposition 2 by Wagner et al

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.022750Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation c794bc96-bbb3-4bbc-939e-42a789408f2c · outbound

This paper cites We consider n = 3, T ∈ {100, 200}, and ρ1 = ρ2 = ρ3 = ρ4 = ρ with ρ ∈ {0.6, 0.8}.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve We consider n = 3, T ∈ {100, 200}, and ρ1 = ρ2 = ρ3 = ρ4 = ρ with ρ ∈ {0.6, 0.8}

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.981532Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 0a164bfc-19fa-41a6-ab27-c89461c33ce3 · outbound

This paper cites We consider n = 5, T ∈ {100, 200}, and ρ1 = ρ2 = ρ3 = ρ4 = ρ with ρ ∈ {0.6, 0.8}.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve We consider n = 5, T ∈ {100, 200}, and ρ1 = ρ2 = ρ3 = ρ4 = ρ with ρ ∈ {0.6, 0.8}

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.945235Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation c5531196-f43a-450d-98aa-e1c1de3df517 · outbound

This paper cites We consider n = 3, T ∈ { 100, 200}, and ρ1 = ρ2 = ρ3 = ρ4 = ρ with ρ ∈ { 0.6, 0.8}.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve We consider n = 3, T ∈ { 100, 200}, and ρ1 = ρ2 = ρ3 = ρ4 = ρ with ρ ∈ { 0.6, 0.8}

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.909252Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 53f128bf-68d6-4f1e-922c-b4fc3293e158 · outbound

This paper cites We consider n = 5, T ∈ { 100, 200}, and ρ1 = ρ2 = ρ3 = ρ4 = ρ with ρ ∈ { 0.6, 0.8}.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve We consider n = 5, T ∈ { 100, 200}, and ρ1 = ρ2 = ρ3 = ρ4 = ρ with ρ ∈ { 0.6, 0.8}

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.875713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 53becec5-5811-4377-a7d9-d6117f24278a · outbound

This paper cites At a signiﬁcance level of 5%, the null hypothesis of cointegration is rejected when ‘’rej ection rule’ is less than 5%.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve At a signiﬁcance level of 5%, the null hypothesis of cointegration is rejected when ‘’rej ection rule’ is less than 5%

Reference 18

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.829212Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f6912940-8cc2-4393-a402-873c7d03a432 · outbound

This paper cites We observe that ui,t = ∑∞ j=0 rowi (C j )η t− j.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve We observe that ui,t = ∑∞ j=0 rowi (C j )η t− j

Reference 19

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.787662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 8e6479b1-5710-4350-9623-f1958675e2ae · outbound

This paper cites Overall, this gives ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ 1 T − q T −1∑ t=q ˆut(q)ˆut(q)′ − E(ut(q)ut(q)′) ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖= Op ( q √ T ) + Op ( q√ T ) = op(1).

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Overall, this gives ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ 1 T − q T −1∑ t=q ˆut(q)ˆut(q)′ − E(ut(q)ut(q)′) ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖ ‖= Op ( q √ T ) + Op ( q√ T ) = op(1)

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.744634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 2036a6e3-4673-4039-b58a-df2c3130f36c · outbound

This paper cites Collecting all the results, we have Ia ≤ C √ Kq, Ib ≤ C √ Kq, and thus ‖ ‖ ‖Fu(q) − Fu ‖ ‖ ‖1 ≤ C √ Kq.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Collecting all the results, we have Ia ≤ C √ Kq, Ib ≤ C √ Kq, and thus ‖ ‖ ‖Fu(q) − Fu ‖ ‖ ‖1 ≤ C √ Kq

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.700949Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 39189f08-636e-4cb0-8fac-18038f1c37a8 · outbound

This paper cites It suﬃces to prove ‖ ‖ ‖ˆΣ ξ(qT ) ‖ ‖ ‖= Op(1).

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve It suﬃces to prove ‖ ‖ ‖ˆΣ ξ(qT ) ‖ ‖ ‖= Op(1)

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.663696Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 898fdbfa-05a5-4a07-94f0-bdf425409608 · outbound

This paper cites The BIC criterion select the V AR(1) speciﬁcation for both series (Table 7).

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve The BIC criterion select the V AR(1) speciﬁcation for both series (Table 7)

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.632966Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation fc104395-2443-4572-a52c-55d79622a034 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:44.599128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 2f544626-4725-4525-a73e-25cbddd525b6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Unresolved cited work

Reference 323

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.376475Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation f162f487-d12b-4d0b-b683-ae0fb8bcc041 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Unresolved cited work

Reference 383

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.333896Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation b84b30d3-fb4f-4393-8822-a5d820c0a43f · outbound

This paper cites Lin, and S.

Efficient Estimation by Fully Modified GLS with an Application to the Environmental Kuznets Curve Lin, and S

Reference 502

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T14:53:45.413710Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.