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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 53 of 53 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.05699.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.05699 v4

Coverage vector

measured 53 of 53 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.278591Z

measured 53 of 53 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

53 of 53 outbound references displayed

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  • verified fuzzy24
  • unresolved25
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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 4afd4f01-0c85-44c0-95a9-4175640986c3 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games write newline

Reference 1

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation f0efd6ff-5239-45ec-bb75-dbf5a3e6d62b · outbound

This paper cites Arjovsky, S.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Arjovsky, S

Reference 2

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Observation 2e2eb114-c38d-4cbc-a12d-3ab8addcea41 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

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Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

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Observation c8e41138-8912-4ca7-8041-db91abfcd252 · outbound

This paper cites Finite Regret and Cycles with Fixed Step-Size via Alternating Gradient Descent-Ascent.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Finite Regret and Cycles with Fixed Step-Size via Alternating Gradient Descent-Ascent

Reference 5

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Observation 9d7291e0-4bf1-410d-854f-7a9d17692a78 · outbound

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Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 32bd060f-aac6-46ce-98b2-c5aceed84759 · outbound

This paper cites Carmon, Y.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Carmon, Y

Reference 7

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 4f01312a-407d-4aaf-a373-2ec34395b061 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 4f14e1f8-2ae5-4953-91bd-0e617dec0ec8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

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Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 5f3dc6c4-93ef-4228-8f95-cae4a60e5cdf · outbound

This paper cites Daskalakis and I.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Daskalakis and I

Reference 11

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 0fbfaf7b-4757-4652-a7d9-9c3c0a52672f · outbound

This paper cites Daskalakis, A.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Daskalakis, A

Reference 12

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Observation a26dad10-49fd-4940-9e2c-b6ea0039e03b · outbound

This paper cites Deligkas, J.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Deligkas, J

Reference 13

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Observation c2778466-59ce-424e-97a7-163fd825839a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

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This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

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Observation 82c5f32c-b9a0-47bf-b926-0283c2021926 · outbound

This paper cites Freund and R.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Freund and R

Reference 16

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 2feee9cd-6773-4dca-a8e9-f9adccf4b263 · outbound

This paper cites Gidel, H.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Gidel, H

Reference 17

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 5809863a-1531-4c10-ae23-39454b152f9b · outbound

This paper cites Gidel, R.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Gidel, R

Reference 18

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 4a065058-6cd8-4c1c-8238-b655961d9ec7 · outbound

This paper cites Gohberg, P.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Gohberg, P

Reference 19

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Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

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Observation bfed1e77-e8a1-48ea-a0f3-9a8d1a5dc021 · outbound

This paper cites Goodfellow, J.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Goodfellow, J

Reference 21

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 5ffe0feb-1953-49a3-a7d5-468b2f044a0d · outbound

This paper cites Hsieh, F.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Hsieh, F

Reference 22

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Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 2fec8583-1dfb-49e5-99e2-57fc10c0c227 · outbound

This paper cites Liang and J.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Liang and J

Reference 25

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 6b2f9957-036e-4d97-ad44-453e2a86ddb6 · outbound

This paper cites Madry, A.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Madry, A

Reference 27

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 2c2690fd-5563-4272-8d94-5b9a593894e1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 3c1a2b90-0562-425b-8bc3-e1b8088ad87b · outbound

This paper cites Martinet.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Martinet

Reference 29

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 7ff34a80-9e55-4734-8280-d420ccc9304d · outbound

This paper cites Mertikopoulos, C.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Mertikopoulos, C

Reference 30

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation d29bd1a4-4241-4fb8-8bd3-3c659e85f7f3 · outbound

This paper cites Mertikopoulos, B.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Mertikopoulos, B

Reference 31

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 1a21859c-ebf4-46b1-96ec-6dffbd582f67 · outbound

This paper cites Mescheder, S.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Mescheder, S

Reference 32

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation bd27b41f-8bad-4695-844b-2c84f766ac98 · outbound

This paper cites Mescheder, A.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Mescheder, A

Reference 33

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 1a14bcdc-fedb-4435-b355-96b2883dbd69 · outbound

This paper cites Convergence Rate of $\mathcal{O}(1/k)$ for Optimistic Gradient and Extra-gradient Methods in Smooth Convex-Concave Saddle Point Problems.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Convergence Rate of $\mathcal{O}(1/k)$ for Optimistic Gradient and Extra-gradient Methods in Smooth Convex-Concave Saddle Point Problems

Reference 34

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation cd398be4-104f-4ffc-81e5-69c4a28b8bb3 · outbound

This paper cites A Unified Analysis of Extra-gradient and Optimistic Gradient Methods for Saddle Point Problems: Proximal Point Approach.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games A Unified Analysis of Extra-gradient and Optimistic Gradient Methods for Saddle Point Problems: Proximal Point Approach

Reference 35

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 82dfd6ca-640a-41b9-af71-7e024e11d5f5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation dd694a7b-847b-4683-80f1-b8103a058947 · outbound

This paper cites Nagarajan and J.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Nagarajan and J

Reference 37

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.452421Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.235922Z digest=sha256:4da8693427578067f1d62c9b7ede2b5cbd2e847c1d1bdb1a728bca2d2e09b652

Observation d2dcea1b-dc72-41de-a8df-d7893567b24f · outbound

This paper cites Nedi \'c and A.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Nedi \'c and A

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.445947Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation 34f54790-39c9-4569-8eb8-e1f98334f472 · outbound

This paper cites Nemirovski.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Nemirovski

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.438913Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

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Observation d2452939-e23b-4ff9-a867-9c68e2a473a9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.431926Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.243984Z digest=sha256:3ff87390819115a30b7df406615fb8bdd7dd457201c70e6603988833be82e08e

Observation 69aff515-0c6c-4a19-b99c-1dc3a4c95449 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.424723Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.246444Z digest=sha256:458288c4bcb8f1ff26c77f07458d78e8617157c26678722d50815821b61a7482

Observation f9e208bc-1c30-489d-8335-000cb28c6c96 · outbound

This paper cites Nesterov.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Nesterov

Reference 42

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.416474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.248997Z digest=sha256:ee4d93da9abf95505763d2f3976e0ea9e1887cdd43c11edc3349b009bbcca35b

Observation af057fd2-8342-466f-bbdc-3869be790b2e · outbound

This paper cites Training GANs with Centripetal Acceleration.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Training GANs with Centripetal Acceleration

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.251313Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.251313Z digest=sha256:95cd1916669eecaf371361edeb5d087ce13e18806ca1776719bcdc5cce7049a2

Observation 370b4925-27b7-4434-903c-69f544351561 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.255188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.255188Z digest=sha256:814f2a7a2e96f31a75a62298d2928bcc58a009d1c90f637d67c18e3f2b1a6c2c

Observation 7243cf4d-a9b3-466a-b1de-be22e36f752b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.409278Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.257785Z digest=sha256:124a7d87d8e4e05bae9ff9cd8bc7535d45ffd6e1c173b7c9674b5067974429e3

Observation 98a3d41b-ddf9-4bf1-883d-4f858e43f773 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.401513Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.260216Z digest=sha256:2ab27dd51ab119e3cb914911ce23d00a58e8dfa832ad6392c1bedd921a41fcc2

Observation 43ac9bb1-3318-4e2d-88bc-2ff73d7512a9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.393797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.263389Z digest=sha256:e14b4c70110553152aa68e2c56919c79a72003b1649a715964430c50835482e5

Observation a03f1dd7-0da5-409f-a1ff-3446689bbed7 · outbound

This paper cites U ber P otenzreihen, die im I nnern des E inheitskreises beschr \.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games U ber P otenzreihen, die im I nnern des E inheitskreises beschr \

Reference 48

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.386263Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.265651Z digest=sha256:2bc923b19f0d40cf0acb4b37c68258a863b92f02694f74d616feb29ae43803f1

Observation 25d2d83f-ad03-4311-b414-63b586f0f17e · outbound

This paper cites Stein and R.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Stein and R

Reference 49

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.378446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.268015Z digest=sha256:b6a7348b81824c4f6d0ff11337707df8eb0b4395903c6abefdabb5e354fde149

Observation 45a7bac8-9f1b-48d0-9dce-bf02d58c0d4b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.370284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.270539Z digest=sha256:85e6dbced8c09becccb217446ef3792fefbc3d45b3618dc8504b25f014d1d360

Observation 7801db9a-8af5-490a-9b97-f7f2e0ee37b6 · outbound

This paper cites @esa (Ref.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games @esa (Ref

Reference 51

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.272846Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.272846Z digest=sha256:2e3e41d431c6fb2f590d26884389a4b4bf5e0ec2cf615e371afd6efaadf697ac

Observation db6aca64-1ddc-4d4e-b663-22b905b62257 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.275858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.275858Z digest=sha256:3ba485b345fdfb3814e538a54cfca27d9d27fc3fd26079672deab09b707f12cf

Observation dce05b70-a8e0-4878-b834-1d070fa9ba5e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:14:21.278591Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T13:14:21.278591Z digest=sha256:e39a8030aec0d91df002920926a1f70dfa072ceda87c24dd7cba7b56c8b17beb

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.