Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 27 of 27 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.05925.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.05925 v2

Coverage vector

measured 27 of 27 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.994304Z

measured 27 of 27 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

27 of 27 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved27
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation ad40fa4e-df75-47e9-8194-8393b0632804 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:41.384580Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 14a95f16-1c95-424b-bd0d-daa2cd639222 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:41.370173Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f2d151b6-cb53-46c6-b419-c04dd646cc6a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:41.355358Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 8bc27643-e2bb-4266-908c-cd54dabf5f60 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:41.243336Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation ec58dbd7-8c8e-4879-8c3b-03dcd13a11bb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.587720Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c63f916b-31f8-4a5d-8349-ebdc83b58c88 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:41.144679Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation df9cebd6-2d36-48fc-9a37-2648fbd73fb8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:41.040094Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 1e998037-2024-4741-8ffd-c61ed869600c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.615181Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d6d8f1bc-5972-4223-8570-6d695c6c1f98 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.805242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation fa63ca6d-9a40-4389-a341-2b399270ae28 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.790627Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation d74ebe9d-f3fb-4ea2-a965-5637ca8459f1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.775341Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation c208afd0-a895-48fa-8582-f8c9b7ec6491 · outbound

This paper cites Cross-lingual Language Model Pretraining.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Cross-lingual Language Model Pretraining

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.666859Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 33119e9e-d3ab-4f66-b349-4d1a62b60421 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.671843Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1836966b-d58f-4110-9fa5-e79758848abe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.675453Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1424129a-ad16-489c-963a-4ffd6d86d2b5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.774470Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d7882d3e-3fd5-4a85-b32a-ecfa0c9e8d43 · outbound

This paper cites An Analysis of Neural Language Modeling at Multiple Scales.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring An Analysis of Neural Language Modeling at Multiple Scales

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.820839Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2689018f-7e7c-4e31-aeb1-7f6725e458f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.825876Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 72978d65-6938-4ec7-87b2-81084a868a15 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.673405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6d85acc6-59d2-4709-93ce-a66e6d2f4cd1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.602285Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 3d1ddc86-7a03-4d22-9c78-eccaeef69071 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.839992Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation effaa560-d4d8-4f43-8a41-b3a5e95baa56 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.847613Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f4f5249e-d15c-4142-b9fd-8c1f9b4f4b0a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.490141Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 7dc39c30-8caa-4ac6-8e2c-f5b03845a624 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.314340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation ea23c4c8-f08c-47fe-b8bd-50e075ea0dea · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.297825Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 81171102-efb7-4bf3-aa9d-6c77485070dc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:40.183917Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation c4ef523a-73f5-4ad7-8e50-f3ae5b3db644 · outbound

This paper cites URL: " 'urlintro :=.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring URL: " 'urlintro :=

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.989399Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 527766d2-9aa7-4757-99f4-cf619a3b4add · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Incorporating Word and Subword Units in Unsupervised Machine Translation Using Language Model Rescoring write newline

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:03:39.994304Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.