Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:01:08.103443Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 69 of 69 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.07376.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:01:08.103443Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
69 of 69 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 340c7f7d-ecbf-4188-bab9-897c881bddc5 · outbound
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0d18b421-1a5e-426d-b981-3a95a05e37a6 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Caldarelli, Scale free networks: complex webs in nature and technology (Oxford University Press, 2007)
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 12b6150e-33b9-44de-af8a-030f5fa03e6c · outbound
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0de3cc3f-0f74-422d-9913-644b9b7f6a01 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Newman, Networks: an Introduction (Oxford Uni- versity Press, 2010)
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation e1cf0955-a078-48a8-9c5b-cc5f86015809 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Estrada, The Structure of Complex Networks: Theory and Applications (Oxford University Press, 2011)
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a134d5d0-4e3a-4092-8685-14cba64fb5a3 · outbound
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c5e0cba5-b197-4bfa-8e25-22d12f511db1 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Milgram, Psychology Today 1, 61 (1967)
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 48ee081b-44a3-42b1-bfd0-bba0a53200c5 · outbound
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 5aade94f-b8c0-41c2-b59c-3c69503980a4 · outbound
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 681fcb42-dffc-4c48-99a0-e2c31c4e4129 · outbound
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 22be054d-9ff9-4436-82d8-9002ace183b4 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Barab´ asi, R
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 38894968-00d7-4581-8d05-6dd4b75de81c · outbound
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a2fe3c62-d7a7-419b-a590-1ddcfbb465e4 · outbound
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 1aba2e6b-0495-46bd-95f6-a9535fb49431 · outbound
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0adfa22d-a273-4b8c-bbfa-826907881df2 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication V´ azquez, Phys
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 33318b84-19c7-4348-97ca-b58a37342ce6 · outbound
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation f444e03d-0929-421f-82bb-60ffb59b176e · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Giot et al., Science 302 1727 (2003)
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation f457330e-849c-4b5e-a7b4-532b98caf837 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Ma´ ayan, S.L
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8774bb1d-bbce-4cd5-ad6e-fcc58ab6a476 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Dijkstra, Numerische Mathematik 1, 269 (1959)
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 55bde2e4-db2a-43e6-95ce-08fcf41c7552 · outbound
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a4c2e0b3-b56a-48d9-9f05-3f023e7350ab · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Pastor-Satorras, C
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ef702c82-9476-4a44-babf-77cdf235a202 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Bollobas, Random Graphs, Second Edition (Academic Press, London, 2001)
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2111beb5-6048-4092-8ab7-3a77b18835f8 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Durrett, Random Graph Dynamics (Cambridge Univer- sity Press, Cambridge, 2007)
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b8b63ed6-8c95-4b38-aa42-30b29d1643df · outbound
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 474159cc-e6ef-4af1-9e00-70258c95e37f · outbound
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 712ae08d-1c5c-484f-a7c7-65c2229932fa · outbound
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c735abe5-5849-477b-95ef-9173a497b243 · outbound
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ee13597c-bfff-4920-ac39-9f6becb32fd8 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Dorogotsev, J.F.F
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation db55323d-c1ec-4df7-bb2a-3719d67e4ada · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Blondel, J.-L
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2a646c0e-ed81-4e9d-802a-a50803fd27cc · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication van der Hofstad, G
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c4ed8042-4306-4877-a22f-095f3cdcfa37 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication van der Esker, R
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 22561e84-13d7-4e12-b08c-0c8e18c11c89 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 62cb4112-9f19-4d0b-aa3e-17a8f0a006ca · outbound
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 67240d4d-1d8e-4785-a429-7c85ae277190 · outbound
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c5ee3ea5-13ea-4be5-ad5b-b07b3826150c · outbound
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 42066ae3-9f8d-43ca-8c03-5bab2a6a880a · outbound
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation f71e1d95-48f3-452f-b02a-1c47a07b9365 · outbound
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c0db9c36-1a3e-4627-8702-b777f8b3acfe · outbound
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0c4e05bf-0400-4c5d-85b2-a33e74f9aeca · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Simple and accurate analytical calculation of shortest path lengths
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c4f0ae98-e770-4a2c-9d80-d0dd96935103 · outbound
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 6e0f6a5e-549b-40a5-974f-e393dcc7933e · outbound
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 6f539bbb-0a5b-460f-82eb-e4c49eb359ca · outbound
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7c923ef7-c695-4068-8f2f-11f142b34443 · outbound
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4f06377c-3838-4b5a-894b-f80c0e467d5c · outbound
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0e95429b-a205-47af-8dd2-ce1291e6858d · outbound
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7a16071f-981e-4ff6-b01f-963f1fe04725 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Ispolatov, P.L
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 166a88e6-3128-41a3-9fb3-6d46fd112765 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Ispolatov, P.L
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 323a11a3-19b9-4748-979f-1d219e913035 · outbound
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7e4eb9dd-a0b7-44b4-ae42-9f395fcb156f · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Unresolved cited work
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7c38b678-a55e-419c-9f4f-a183ef6efb57 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Lambiotte, P.L
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7466f14f-f996-475f-8854-e14b8a98ab32 · outbound
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 2a97235a-2393-4591-a2e7-f346cc73249f · outbound
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0df797bd-9499-451d-a29c-224d899af8cb · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Granovetter, American Journal of Sociology 78, 1360 (1973)
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a339444a-54eb-4dfc-b092-b09739f05394 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Unresolved cited work
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 3fe12881-4071-4b4c-b7cf-ef5598a71bfc · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Alon, An Introduction to Systems Biology: Design Prin- ciples of Biological Circuits (Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2006)
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b32ce593-7750-43f6-a683-e6ce162fe57f · outbound
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c0b3046e-aaa3-4c20-ab4e-59ba1630b4a6 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Ohno, Evolution by Gene Duplication (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1970)
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8751ab9b-cb9d-4397-b32d-49420df32599 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Teichmann, M.M
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0e2611d2-f503-43b2-a341-b288f320f7f5 · outbound
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 68019518-1214-4ace-9755-169b4ca906ad · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Redner, Physics Today 58, 49 (2005)
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 23361212-572f-42ef-b57d-30f48f323a0b · outbound
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 37565d9e-4346-4124-8de0-5c7667afb60d · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Golosovsky, S
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7ba63906-92f0-4e19-b30e-ee353627130a · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Golosovsky and S
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b7eee1d5-94f8-4f8c-8de8-f99536ba6a88 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Golosovsky, Phys
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8841f6fd-81ee-48be-8352-aaced8e64606 · outbound
Analytical results for the distribution of shortest path lengths in directed random networks that grow by node duplication Peterson, Steve Press´ e, K.A
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 296d0726-91ab-423a-b1fb-2963b98c058d · outbound
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 63ad34c4-7cc6-46a2-bd92-8bcda8624a9d · outbound
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7e651bba-d9fd-4297-a739-f753af2dba65 · outbound
Reference 68
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 1d367ae6-c575-4071-8550-7d25dd75724c · outbound
Reference 69
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.