Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.511378Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology
As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 45 of 45 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.07991.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
Reference resolution
45 of 45 outbound references displayed
- verified exact0
- verified fuzzy34
- unresolved11
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation d507db52-091b-434c-835c-7ece1d9f60e9 · outbound
This paper cites E., Chan, T.
Reference 1
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:59.054805Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7d703087-d2c0-44a6-991f-b31816b400f9 · outbound
This paper cites R., Newnham, D.
Reference 2
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:59.042926Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 035e091b-20db-46af-957e-c2b6e01c49a8 · outbound
This paper cites J., Danylov, A., Goyette, T.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology J., Danylov, A., Goyette, T
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:59.030659Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8f009580-134b-4485-ac67-11a58a844f5b · outbound
This paper cites C., ``Millimetre wave and terahertz technology for the detection of concealed threats: a review,'' Proceedings of SPIE 6402 , 64020D (Sep 2006).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology C., ``Millimetre wave and terahertz technology for the detection of concealed threats: a review,'' Proceedings of SPIE 6402 , 64020D (Sep 2006)
Reference 4
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:59.018149Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d272c940-169f-4fb0-affe-63eb4f947050 · outbound
This paper cites and Wallace, H.
Reference 5
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:59.006159Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 65f0e426-eb4a-41d1-baa2-4e53551133d5 · outbound
This paper cites M., M cM akin, D.
Reference 6
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.994952Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c20dfac3-e9aa-4b6f-a6d3-d3960d196a9d · outbound
This paper cites M., M cM akin, D.
Reference 7
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.983887Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4e9da9b3-6691-47ea-a6e7-77edf280b5bb · outbound
This paper cites rep., Bell Laboratories (Aug 2011).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology rep., Bell Laboratories (Aug 2011)
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.973124Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ec48b25a-d7f0-47ae-b531-8785d8748cb6 · outbound
This paper cites A., Macfarlane, D.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology A., Macfarlane, D
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.961207Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 1c799c2f-2899-4a9d-aaff-059613f020b2 · outbound
This paper cites B., Dengler, R.
Reference 10
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.950102Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ef1759c9-7cf4-49fb-9592-e30d4364454f · outbound
This paper cites C., ``Explosives detection by terahertz spectroscopy -- a bridge too far?,'' IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology 1 , 282 (Sep 2011).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology C., ``Explosives detection by terahertz spectroscopy -- a bridge too far?,'' IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology 1 , 282 (Sep 2011)
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.938754Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a550b3dd-b30c-4659-804c-77cc2afa284d · outbound
This paper cites J., Neal, W.
Reference 12
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.926441Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4d97e58e-d79a-42d3-bf6c-e44637acd4ab · outbound
This paper cites J., [ EM Detection of Concealed Targets 0.1em ] , John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology J., [ EM Detection of Concealed Targets 0.1em ] , John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Reference 13
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.915106Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 72187d1c-3968-4d8f-b21c-1a6d224ecc0d · outbound
This paper cites and Fang, G., ``Terahertz imaging for security -- algorithm and system realization,'' Terahertz Science and Technology 9 , 19 (Mar 2016).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology and Fang, G., ``Terahertz imaging for security -- algorithm and system realization,'' Terahertz Science and Technology 9 , 19 (Mar 2016)
Reference 14
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.902779Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation aba6ff1d-6e1c-4816-ae33-e0855640c8af · outbound
This paper cites M., Reddy, P., and Meyhofer, E., ``Hundred-fold enhancement in far-field radiative heat transfer over the blackbody limit,'' Nature 561 , 216 (Sep 2018).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology M., Reddy, P., and Meyhofer, E., ``Hundred-fold enhancement in far-field radiative heat transfer over the blackbody limit,'' Nature 561 , 216 (Sep 2018)
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.890446Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d5459d4d-4cda-4e5a-9682-88a7d354d781 · outbound
This paper cites M., Reddy, P., and Meyhofer, E., ``Author correction: Hundred-fold enhancement in far-field radiative heat transfer over the blackbody limit,'' Nature 567 , E12 (Mar 2019).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology M., Reddy, P., and Meyhofer, E., ``Author correction: Hundred-fold enhancement in far-field radiative heat transfer over the blackbody limit,'' Nature 567 , E12 (Mar 2019)
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.878662Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ed8d6f9b-d318-4215-a7ae-d27de76148ba · outbound
This paper cites I., Feist, J., Garc \' a-Vidal, F.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology I., Feist, J., Garc \' a-Vidal, F
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.867017Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 1b29a9b5-9889-4009-bea7-f244f55ff355 · outbound
This paper cites A., Lelevkin, V.
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.855671Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c79ce4c7-4761-45be-b70f-cb5ed894a4d3 · outbound
This paper cites and Postnikov, A., ``A terahertz-vibration to terahertz-radiation converter based on gold nanoobjects: a feasibility study,'' Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 7 , 983 (2016).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology and Postnikov, A., ``A terahertz-vibration to terahertz-radiation converter based on gold nanoobjects: a feasibility study,'' Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 7 , 983 (2016)
Reference 19
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.844336Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 49f74c39-558a-48d0-8ff7-bbe8110c4a7e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 20
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.831893Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a343614c-11e4-4370-91dd-9dd096e74bee · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.818717Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 132dacbb-76b1-4491-a487-33f2b9c10478 · outbound
This paper cites W., Smith, H.
Reference 22
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.806523Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 292a0699-8e81-4e3c-b99c-f8410b603ec7 · outbound
This paper cites A., Lucas, M.
Reference 23
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.794691Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation bc40e4ef-e8a8-4945-9621-0feb137098b2 · outbound
This paper cites M., Viau, G., and Carles, R., ``Vibrational and electronic excitations in gold nanocrystals,'' Nanoscale 6 , 9157 (2014).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology M., Viau, G., and Carles, R., ``Vibrational and electronic excitations in gold nanocrystals,'' Nanoscale 6 , 9157 (2014)
Reference 24
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.784418Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d5c4624e-cb45-40cb-b304-f15905813685 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.773951Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 17cc22d6-d4b2-48f5-890d-cd4303e55656 · outbound
This paper cites I .,'' J.
Reference 26
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.763875Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a200295c-c59e-4068-964b-3439a11da2a3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.752790Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation c45ad4a4-2028-4bd4-8681-6cafddcff65a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.740893Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 366a1b3c-958d-4ea1-b424-70105ef241c8 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.729101Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 50eae77f-bb9c-44a3-9851-3b49b1e319b0 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.717997Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4d11423d-c9b7-41db-85f7-e5749da450c7 · outbound
This paper cites Accessed: 14 August 2019.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Accessed: 14 August 2019
Reference 31
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.706106Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation bb8b44ea-cbb2-4ba0-bf63-67da6ad005c0 · outbound
This paper cites V., Moldosanov, K.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology V., Moldosanov, K
Reference 32
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.695585Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a1921c58-9417-4b2b-863f-d6c2b3637f07 · outbound
This paper cites Accessed: 14 August 2019.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Accessed: 14 August 2019
Reference 33
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.685372Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7c84d280-1d16-425c-b399-6e829270a51e · outbound
This paper cites Accessed: 14 August 2019.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Accessed: 14 August 2019
Reference 34
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.674303Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b16b7b8b-041d-4096-aba6-026512709e27 · outbound
This paper cites A., Postnikov, A.
Reference 35
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.661560Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 588b0726-829d-4b2c-b3fe-70058f69c1cc · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.650654Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 07dde7eb-5558-4800-9c21-4dce85066e3c · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.638889Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 9f5b6ca2-5d8f-46a0-8580-e4c8bfca1910 · outbound
This paper cites H., ``Plasma physics and related challenges of millimeter-wave-to-terahertz and high power microwave generation,'' Physics of Plasmas 15 , 055502 (May 2008).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology H., ``Plasma physics and related challenges of millimeter-wave-to-terahertz and high power microwave generation,'' Physics of Plasmas 15 , 055502 (May 2008)
Reference 38
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.625793Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 3f7dfd2a-582b-4d53-8b24-2d203fd3b172 · outbound
This paper cites M., ``The truth about terahertz.'' https://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/military/the-truth-about-terahertz (2012).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology M., ``The truth about terahertz.'' https://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/military/the-truth-about-terahertz (2012)
Reference 39
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.614680Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a07af264-3aad-4325-b351-f05bf53a6245 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 40
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.603657Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 1db056e6-add5-4885-bee3-c2fe299aa153 · outbound
This paper cites PMID: 18537294.
Reference 41
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.591191Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b63a5977-a601-469d-915e-197e32e974cc · outbound
This paper cites B., ``Size- and shape-selective synthesis of metal nanocrystals and nanowires using CO as a reducing agent,'' Angewandte Chemie International Edition 49 , 6156 (Aug 2010).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology B., ``Size- and shape-selective synthesis of metal nanocrystals and nanowires using CO as a reducing agent,'' Angewandte Chemie International Edition 49 , 6156 (Aug 2010)
Reference 42
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.579893Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 6fee1234-0f82-4741-b6ac-1ddec2150f72 · outbound
This paper cites PMID: 18850710.
Reference 43
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.568600Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 37435bb9-624a-4e91-afdd-ec74332e13c0 · outbound
This paper cites M., and Giersig, M., ``Synthesis of flexible, ultrathin gold nanowires in organic media,'' Langmuir 24 , 9855 (Sep 2008).
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology M., and Giersig, M., ``Synthesis of flexible, ultrathin gold nanowires in organic media,'' Langmuir 24 , 9855 (Sep 2008)
Reference 44
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.557608Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 16e586a5-1088-450a-8455-73e57815e328 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Prospects of designing gold-nanoparticles-based soft terahertz radiation sources and terahertz-to-infrared converters for concealed object detection technology Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:57:58.544338Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Pith citing papers
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.