Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 39 of 39 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.08983.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.08983 v1

Coverage vector

measured 39 of 39 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.212666Z

measured 39 of 39 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

39 of 39 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy2
unresolved35
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 27be8aaf-0445-47f2-b67d-fd2e94e30533 · outbound

This paper cites URL: " 'urlintro :=.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers URL: " 'urlintro :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:19.945123Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c017c2fa-b85c-42c3-91ed-9dcf6afa29ac · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:19.953846Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0757de35-4e0e-490b-a370-d9cc3895e7e4 · outbound

This paper cites Massively Multilingual Word Embeddings.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Massively Multilingual Word Embeddings

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:19.960127Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 781940e5-223b-4197-b224-802fd7c2fe99 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:19.967379Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c0de11b3-0b54-4f8b-8d1e-4d57a1559bad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:21.011280Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 05f4797e-806b-4814-9e33-add2287a7ca3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.993841Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 431dc34e-996a-416f-a415-b254f399e4d1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.977882Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 05fd82ab-5a6c-4b7f-957c-2e7ae63868f5 · outbound

This paper cites Mortensen, and Jaime Carbonell.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Mortensen, and Jaime Carbonell

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.961402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 93bbe7e8-4912-40b4-8fe7-84336fa5068c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.005868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 508989a8-3b2c-416d-b928-646d6cefe0be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.944689Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6c5f79f7-0b07-4632-a013-45b48439f2b3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.018749Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 51fc6572-e4e7-4124-a6b4-8cde0c517cd3 · outbound

This paper cites Word Translation Without Parallel Data.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Word Translation Without Parallel Data

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.033719Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 15e1bd88-cbc6-49c3-9e22-40094545e4f1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.918181Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4405a0c0-efa0-4ff8-a64e-925245d6aee5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.901110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation cf63d1ff-1e77-4e3e-b943-d82c29f6e039 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.056937Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bb2b583a-521c-4d6a-a4b4-544909851c76 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.063405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9d94d33b-ea53-4218-86ff-890c8382f9ce · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.872622Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation d45548ce-1b50-47c0-93b0-549b541ecbb6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.852925Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 78eb5a1a-c55a-4806-a61c-bafeaf4ea5c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.836641Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation e50c8183-0289-416a-958a-ccb76389aa48 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.092608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 38569bf7-eb9c-4f27-90fc-b071fd11ffbe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.327188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 2d56328d-7de3-4364-a39e-d78b47069e34 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.105318Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 54011749-53cd-4e73-a0e5-ee85ec9e0b82 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.818951Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation eb94fba3-263b-4531-85b0-e2fb6758bb2c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.801752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4fe9d6f4-b856-4367-9879-15c7a063bd2c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.783930Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 59b2c7f7-4544-4416-b05b-3dc50b84b22e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.130234Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 202c2bb7-7a47-45aa-bec5-c0947f928e3c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.136390Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 78f0b5af-9719-43c6-b27d-bcf9632a187d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.143255Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a6674ce8-3de3-4d75-ae14-5f1eeb87c9e3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.732933Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 1525cf09-7e94-4ba9-a486-b0dd8436cc31 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.156144Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 83c117bf-f2f6-48a5-be7c-66a034e5cd6a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.713023Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 0f72baab-40da-425e-9483-bf306b4270e1 · outbound

This paper cites Tjong Kim Sang.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Tjong Kim Sang

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.167259Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation efdbdd49-1b24-40d7-954c-4870314b9b75 · outbound

This paper cites Tjong Kim Sang and Fien De Meulder.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Tjong Kim Sang and Fien De Meulder

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.173631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ddaf149d-4553-4728-b300-4eee3d8936f4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.680068Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation ca41e59f-0631-4429-ae5c-67341ca82e1a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.660755Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation cf66b3ec-a563-4ed8-82b0-292b912e333e · outbound

This paper cites Smith, and Jaime Carbonell.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Smith, and Jaime Carbonell

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.639267Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation bb42917c-3ab3-4ec3-8f60-b0e87d13f92c · outbound

This paper cites Mitchell.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Mitchell

Reference 38

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.261655Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 7793e2a2-8e95-4dee-bc15-75717f6203be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.207534Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 132b5a61-a5b9-4b4d-9ced-723339d5094d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Little Annotation does a Lot of Good: A Study in Bootstrapping Low-resource Named Entity Recognizers Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:31:20.598628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.