Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 30 of 30 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:1909.01176.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1909.01176 v1

Coverage vector

measured 30 of 30 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.275133Z

measured 31 of 31 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.164731Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.305647Z

Reference resolution

30 of 30 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy26
unresolved3
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation fc08fb8b-ac0a-4504-8baf-ecc9d106fc73 · outbound

This paper cites Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.311000Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7df12d87-9404-4910-aefe-dc7751fa4827 · outbound

This paper cites Clarke Sentences.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Clarke Sentences

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.632432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 8c0da0ec-5ec9-447f-a8d4-2c731e1bed7a · outbound

This paper cites For the last 50 years, researchers and inventors have iteratively implemented and improved applications that can understand speech, including conversation.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation For the last 50 years, researchers and inventors have iteratively implemented and improved applications that can understand speech, including conversation

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.622186Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 46bbc9c9-cd1b-432d-81f9-83cd47b80b64 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.611679Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 75e34c8c-de41-41c3-948d-626474ab6ca6 · outbound

This paper cites application.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation application

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.601032Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c9f7a930-84a4-457c-b010-1718b878d6ee · outbound

This paper cites The following lessons were learned from daily expe- rience with the technology.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation The following lessons were learned from daily expe- rience with the technology

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.590409Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ef40819e-b195-4db7-aed2-99554a03e424 · outbound

This paper cites They do not generally consider speech to text translations to be particularly important.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation They do not generally consider speech to text translations to be particularly important

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.579683Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f8a3c12e-bcdd-4200-bcb2-13d9fc6f4393 · outbound

This paper cites Some report that ASR is starting to work better for them now, to the point where some deaf speech can be comfortably understandable.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Some report that ASR is starting to work better for them now, to the point where some deaf speech can be comfortably understandable

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.569422Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0c91d8c5-e82b-4810-b96c-dbc798c15683 · outbound

This paper cites Generally most deaf people we met have not had this level of success with the technology yet.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Generally most deaf people we met have not had this level of success with the technology yet

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.559146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f503fc4a-3d71-40d3-9875-0b60f2fd1a78 · outbound

This paper cites Several reported that the technology does not work well enough for them or that they felt uncomfort- able using the technology in a public setting.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Several reported that the technology does not work well enough for them or that they felt uncomfort- able using the technology in a public setting

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.548115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2a97cabb-1f7c-40f7-b5da-39d653a8d812 · outbound

This paper cites Phones have various con- nection strengths and reliability.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Phones have various con- nection strengths and reliability

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.537266Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 34788883-1da4-47fb-89e0-0ed0764a89ab · outbound

This paper cites Many people often men- tion this when discussing why they do not use ASR as much as texting.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Many people often men- tion this when discussing why they do not use ASR as much as texting

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.526550Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 9a62b05d-b50f-4d4f-b6c1-c7d4ea032b65 · outbound

This paper cites The two most popu- lar personal assistants for smart phones, Google Assis- tant and Siri display their commands, but sometimes only voice their responses.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation The two most popu- lar personal assistants for smart phones, Google Assis- tant and Siri display their commands, but sometimes only voice their responses

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.515473Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d3a5efb0-2129-4a89-b4d5-71e933959709 · outbound

This paper cites They reported that this has been mostly a result of the user interface design of the ASR app itself and the fact that they were not intuitive to use.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation They reported that this has been mostly a result of the user interface design of the ASR app itself and the fact that they were not intuitive to use

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.504149Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 16db9dd9-a200-4b82-97fb-8d775913dc0b · outbound

This paper cites Using a system like this might increase the interaction of users with the device.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Using a system like this might increase the interaction of users with the device

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.493289Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 55a09233-210b-4f59-baea-22f347180721 · outbound

This paper cites Heavy accents or unique accents still confuse the software too much to be usable on a daily basis.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Heavy accents or unique accents still confuse the software too much to be usable on a daily basis

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.482461Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2916884f-2b8e-41b8-9d87-ebbbbfaf911f · outbound

This paper cites Whenever there are errors, the errors are time consuming to ﬁx and the interfaces are not customizable.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Whenever there are errors, the errors are time consuming to ﬁx and the interfaces are not customizable

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.471650Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d7d21637-3edd-45c3-a9c8-78944025f6cd · outbound

This paper cites Learning via direct and mediated instruction by deaf students.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Learning via direct and mediated instruction by deaf students

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.460695Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2d412a1b-1263-4793-91bf-a37d4d7c87f7 · outbound

This paper cites Walter, and undeﬁned undeﬁned undeﬁned.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Walter, and undeﬁned undeﬁned undeﬁned

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.449201Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation de6ff390-986e-4e7e-bf2e-6094eccf17d0 · outbound

This paper cites Professional jobs and hearing loss: A comparison of deaf and hard of hearing consumers.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Professional jobs and hearing loss: A comparison of deaf and hard of hearing consumers

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.437932Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c0785769-ab6d-4dce-ab37-a882b478f2dc · outbound

This paper cites Deaf workers: Educated and employed, but limited in career growth.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Deaf workers: Educated and employed, but limited in career growth

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.426628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 1f45fba2-a199-4924-b4d4-7b67956f1ec7 · outbound

This paper cites Speech recognition technology applications in communication disorders.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Speech recognition technology applications in communication disorders

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.415582Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b6631ee3-8a4d-45f2-ad63-884d9419bfe2 · outbound

This paper cites Deaf speech assessment using digital processing techniques.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Deaf speech assessment using digital processing techniques

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.404720Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2bfe9e48-eb19-471e-8c5b-a340765e30fe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.393600Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a8fe1029-0ba7-4e39-b1f0-1ba6e5c4a1bd · outbound

This paper cites Anderson.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Anderson

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.382887Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation db1e5e69-62dc-40b1-b400-5dc57500b8d9 · outbound

This paper cites Automatic speech recognition: A deep learning approach.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Automatic speech recognition: A deep learning approach

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.371324Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d045c298-753a-4b7e-8226-210ad66984c3 · outbound

This paper cites Using automatic speech recognition to enhance education for all students: Turning a vision into reality.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Using automatic speech recognition to enhance education for all students: Turning a vision into reality

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.359682Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 6e89b7ba-ff07-4194-a949-831c3267eff1 · outbound

This paper cites Inclusion of deaf students in computer science classes using real-time speech transcription.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Inclusion of deaf students in computer science classes using real-time speech transcription

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.348200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 56724b1f-0c21-4d7d-abb9-041b1599d91a · outbound

This paper cites Recognition means more than just getting the words right: Beyond accuracy to readability.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Recognition means more than just getting the words right: Beyond accuracy to readability

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.335716Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation de0f9645-7fa9-4c42-8084-7ba52ca90b46 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and Hearing Perspectives on using Automatic Speech Recognition in Conversation Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:30:48.323579Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation fc08fb8b-ac0a-4504-8baf-ecc9d106fc73 · inbound