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Two New Rapidly-Rotating ON Stars Found With LAMOST

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arxiv 1911.07032 v1 pith:A7D5MJP3 submitted 2019-11-16 astro-ph.SR

classification astro-ph.SR
keywords starsrapidly-rotatingfoundtextrmdwarflamostnon-supergiantsimeq
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abstract

The ON stars are a rare subtype of O stars, of uncertain origin. We report two new, rapidly-rotating ON stars found in data acquired with the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, LAMOST. LS I +61 28 is an ON8.5 Vn dwarf with a projected equatorial rotational velocity of $v_{\textrm e}\sin{i} \simeq 298$ km$\;$s$^{-1}$, while HDE 236672 is an ON9 IVn subgiant with $v_{\textrm e}\sin{i} \simeq 253$ km$\;$s$^{-1}$ The former is the first rapidly-rotating ON dwarf to be found, and the latter is only the third ON subgiant. The luminosity classes of non-supergiant ON stars appear to be influenced by the axial inclination angle $i$: the rapidly-rotating giants are close to equator-on, while ON dwarfs with lower $v_{\textrm e}\sin{i}$ values are viewed more nearly pole-on. Combining parallaxes and proper motions from Gaia DR2 with radial-velocity measurements, we investigate the kinematics of non-supergiant ON stars, and infer that the dynamics, rapid rotation, and surface-nitrogen characteristics may all be consequences of binary interaction.

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  1. The IACOB project XVIII. Prevalence of short-period binaries among Galactic helium rich O-type stars

    astro-ph.SR 2026-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In 45 O-type binaries, all seven helium-rich systems are short-period runaways, suggesting binary interaction is the main cause of helium enrichment.

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