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Simulation and Experimental Study of Proton Bunch Self-Modulation in Plasma with Linear Density Gradients

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arxiv 2107.11369 v1 pith:SQUHOYGP submitted 2021-07-23 physics.plasm-ph physics.acc-ph

P.I. Morales Guzmán , P. Muggli , R. Agnello , C.C. Ahdida , M. Aladi , M.C. Amoedo Goncalves , Y. Andrebe , O. Apsimon
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R. Apsimon A.-M. Bachmann M.A. Baistrukov F. Batsch M. Bergamaschi P. Blanchard F. Braunmüller P.N. Burrows B. Buttenschön A. Caldwell J. Chappell E. Chevallay M. Chung D.A. Cooke H. Damerau C. Davut G. Demeter A. Dexter S. Doebert J. Farmer A. Fasoli V.N. Fedosseev R. Fiorito R.A. Fonseca I. Furno S. Gessner A.A. Gorn E. Granados M. Granetzny T. Graubner O. Grulke E. Gschwendtner E.D. Guran V. Hafych J.R. Henderson M. Hüther M.Á. Kedves V. Khudyakov S.-Y. Kim F. Kraus M. Krupa T. Lefevre L. Liang N. Lopes K.V. Lotov M. Martyanov S. Mazzoni D. Medina Godoy J.T. Moody K. Moon M. Moreira T. Nechaeva E. Nowak C. Pakuza H. Panuganti A. Pardons A. Perera J. Pucek A. Pukhov B. Ráczkevi R.L. Ramjiawan S. Rey O. Schmitz E. Senes L.O. Silva C. Stollberg A. Sublet A. Topaloudis N. Torrado P.V. Tuev M. Turner F. Velotti L. Verra J. Vieira H. Vincke C.P. Welsch M. Wendt M. Wing J. Wolfenden B. Woolley G. Xia M. Zepp G. Zevi Della Porta (the AWAKE Collaboration)
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classification physics.plasm-phphysics.acc-ph
keywords bunchgradientsplasmaresultsalongexperimentalfrequencymodulation
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We present numerical simulations and experimental results of the self-modulation of a long proton bunch in a plasma with linear density gradients along the beam path. Simulation results agree with the experimental results reported in arXiv:2007.14894v2: with negative gradients, the charge of the modulated bunch is lower than with positive gradients. In addition, the bunch modulation frequency varies with gradient. Simulation results show that dephasing of the wakefields with respect to the relativistic protons along the plasma is the main cause for the loss of charge. The study of the modulation frequency reveals details about the evolution of the self-modulation process along the plasma. In particular for negative gradients, the modulation frequency across time-resolved images of the bunch indicates the position along the plasma where protons leave the wakefields. Simulations and experimental results are in excellent agreement.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Numerical simulations of electron acceleration driven by heavy ion beams in plasma with alternating density gradients

    physics.acc-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    An alternating density gradient profile keeps the witness electron bunch in the accelerating phase of a heavy-ion-driven plasma wakefield, reaching about 1.2 GeV over one meter in simulation.

  2. Numerical investigations of heavy ion driven plasma wakefield acceleration

    physics.acc-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Heavy-ion beams, especially a 0.1 mm bismuth bunch at HIAF-like parameters, can excite multi-GV/m plasma wakefields and accelerate electrons to hundreds of MeV in meter-scale plasmas, according to LCODE simulations.

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