Galaxy interactions in different environments: An analysis of galaxy pairs from the SDSS

We analyze the galaxy pairs in a volume limited sample ($M_r \leq -21$) from the SDSS to study the effects of galaxy interactions on the star formation rate and colour of galaxies in different environments. We study the star formation rate and colour of the paired galaxies as a function of projected separation and compare the results with their control samples matched in stellar mass, redshift and local density. We find that the major interactions significantly enhance the star formation rate in paired galaxies and turn them bluer with decreasing pair separation within $30$ kpc. The impact of tidal interactions on star formation rate and colour are more significant in the heavier members of the major pairs. The star formation enhancement in major pairs is significantly higher at the low-density environments, where the influence can extend up to $\sim 100$ kpc. Contrarily, the major pairs at high-density environments show suppression in their star formation. Depending on the embedding environments, the major interactions in the intrinsically brighter galaxy pairs can thus enhance or quench star formation. We find that the minor pairs at both low-density and high-density environments are significantly less star-forming and redder than their control galaxies. It indicates that the minor interactions in intrinsically brighter galaxy pairs always suppress the star formation irrespective of their environment. The lighter members in these minor pairs show a greater susceptibility to suppressed star formation. Our results imply that both the major and minor interactions can contribute to the observed bimodality. We conclude that the galaxy evolution is determined by a complex interplay between the galaxy properties, galaxy interactions, and environment.