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The Blazar sequence and its Physical Understanding

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arxiv 2202.07490 v1 pith:JWBE35ZH submitted 2022-02-15 astro-ph.HE

classification astro-ph.HE
keywords sequenceblazarphysicalalongblazarsemissionobjectspresented
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Introduced in 1998 to attempt a first unified view of the broad-band emission properties of blazars, the blazar sequence has been extensively used in the past 25 years to guide observations as well as physical interpretation of the overall emission from these galaxies. In this review, we describe the evolution of the sequence along with the tremendous advances in the observational field, in particular in the gamma-ray band. A new version of the sequence built on TeV-detected objects is also presented. Two extreme classes of objects (MeV and hard-TeV blazars) are included in the discussion, given their relevance for future observatories. Finally, the current physical understanding at the base of the sequence is presented along with the major criticisms to the blazar sequence.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Radio-Gamma-Ray Properties and High-Energy Implications for Fermi Blazars

    astro-ph.HE 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Using 1,687 Fermi blazars, the paper reports a plateau in gamma-ray loudness at high synchrotron peak frequencies, interpreted as Klein-Nishina suppression yielding magnetic field constraints for HBLs.

  2. On the Blueprint of Active Galaxies Producing Neutrinos

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Neutrinos from active galaxies are produced in compact X-ray-bright coronae within about ten Schwarzschild radii of the black hole, and such sources may supply the diffuse neutrino flux.

  3. Unification models of Active Galactic Nuclei

    astro-ph.GA 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 2.0 of 10

    Overview chapter summarizing traditional orientation-based and radiation-regulated unification models for AGN, including evolutionary aspects and changing-look AGN.

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