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DeepZipper II: Searching for Lensed Supernovae in Dark Energy Survey Data with Deep Learning

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arxiv 2204.05924 v2 pith:F4ZCZOMI submitted 2022-04-12 astro-ph.CO

classification astro-ph.CO
keywords lsnesystemsdeepzipperfindcontaincosmicdarkdata
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Gravitationally lensed supernovae (LSNe) are important probes of cosmic expansion, but they remain rare and difficult to find. Current cosmic surveys likely contain and 5-10 LSNe in total while next-generation experiments are expected to contain several hundreds to a few thousands of these systems. We search for these systems in observed Dark Energy Survey (DES) 5-year SN fields -- 10 3-sq. deg. regions of sky imaged in the $griz$ bands approximately every six nights over five years. To perform the search, we utilize the DeepZipper approach: a multi-branch deep learning architecture trained on image-level simulations of LSNe that simultaneously learns spatial and temporal relationships from time series of images. We find that our method obtains a LSN recall of 61.13% and a false positive rate of 0.02% on the DES SN field data. DeepZipper selected 2,245 candidates from a magnitude-limited ($m_i$ $<$ 22.5) catalog of 3,459,186 systems. We employ human visual inspection to review systems selected by the network and find three candidate LSNe in the DES SN fields.

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