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Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 32 EeV from Phase One of the Pierre Auger Observatory

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arxiv 2206.13492 v2 pith:XZXMFJXV submitted 2022-06-27 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.CO

The Pierre Auger Collaboration: P. Abreu , M. Aglietta , J.M. Albury , I. Allekotte , K. Almeida Cheminant , A. Almela , J. Alvarez-Muñiz , R. Alves Batista
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J. Ammerman Yebra G.A. Anastasi L. Anchordoqui B. Andrada S. Andringa C. Aramo P.R. Araújo Ferreira E. Arnone J. C. Arteaga Velázquez H. Asorey P. Assis G. Avila E. Avocone A.M. Badescu A. Bakalova A. Balaceanu F. Barbato J.A. Bellido C. Berat M.E. Bertaina G. Bhatta P.L. Biermann V. Binet K. Bismark T. Bister J. Biteau J. Blazek C. Bleve J. Blümer M. Boháčová D. Boncioli C. Bonifazi L. Bonneau Arbeletche N. Borodai A.M. Botti J. Brack T. Bretz P.G. Brichetto Orchera F.L. Briechle P. Buchholz A. Bueno S. Buitink M. Buscemi M. Büsken K.S. Caballero-Mora L. Caccianiga F. Canfora I. Caracas R. Caruso A. Castellina F. Catalani G. Cataldi L. Cazon M. Cerda J.A. Chinellato J. Chudoba L. Chytka R.W. Clay A.C. Cobos Cerutti R. Colalillo A. Coleman M.R. Coluccia R. Conceição A. Condorelli G. Consolati F. Contreras F. Convenga D. Correia dos Santos C.E. Covault S. Dasso K. Daumiller B.R. Dawson J.A. Day R.M. de Almeida J. de Jesús S.J. de Jong J.R.T. de Mello Neto I. De Mitri J. de Oliveira D. de Oliveira Franco F. de Palma V. de Souza E. De Vito A. Del Popolo M. del Río O. Deligny L. Deval A. di Matteo M. Dobre C. Dobrigkeit J.C. D'Olivo L.M. Domingues Mendes R.C. dos Anjos M.T. Dova J. Ebr R. Engel I. Epicoco M. Erdmann C.O. Escobar A. Etchegoyen H. Falcke J. Farmer G. Farrar A.C. Fauth N. Fazzini F. Feldbusch F. Fenu B. Fick J.M. Figueira A. Filipčič T. Fitoussi T. Fodran T. Fujii A. Fuster C. Galea C. Galelli B. García H. Gemmeke F. Gesualdi A. Gherghel-Lascu P.L. Ghia U. Giaccari M. Giammarchi J. Glombitza F. Gobbi F. Gollan G. Golup M. Gómez Berisso P.F. Gómez Vitale J.P. Gongora J.M. González N. González I. Goos D. Góra A. Gorgi M. Gottowik T.D. Grubb F. Guarino G.P. Guedes E. Guido S. Hahn P. Hamal M.R. Hampel P. Hansen D. Harari V.M. Harvey A. Haungs T. Hebbeker D. Heck G.C. Hill C. Hojvat J.R. Hörandel P. Horvath M. Hrabovský T. Huege A. Insolia P.G. Isar P. Janecek J.A. Johnsen J. Jurysek A. Kääpä K.H. Kampert B. Keilhauer A. Khakurdikar V.V. Kizakke Covilakam H.O. Klages M. Kleifges J. Kleinfeller F. Knapp N. Kunka B.L. Lago N. Langner M.A. Leigui de Oliveira V. Lenok A. Letessier-Selvon I. Lhenry-Yvon D. Lo Presti L. Lopes R. López L. Lu Q. Luce J.P. Lundquist A. Machado Payeras G. Mancarella D. Mandat B.C. Manning J. Manshanden P. Mantsch S. Marafico F.M. Mariani A.G. Mariazzi I.C. Mariş G. Marsella D. Martello S. Martinelli O. Martínez Bravo M. Mastrodicasa H.J. Mathes J. Matthews G. Matthiae E. Mayotte S. Mayotte P.O. Mazur G. Medina-Tanco D. Melo A. Menshikov S. Michal M.I. Micheletti L. Miramonti S. Mollerach F. Montanet L. Morejon C. Morello M. Mostafá A.L. Müller M.A. Muller K. Mulrey R. Mussa M. Muzio W.M. Namasaka A. Nasr-Esfahani L. Nellen G. Nicora M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu M. Niechciol D. Nitz I. Norwood D. Nosek V. Novotny L. Nožka A Nucita L.A. Núñez C. Oliveira M. Palatka J. Pallotta P. Papenbreer G. Parente A. Parra J. Pawlowsky M. Pech J. Pękala R. Pelayo J. Peña-Rodriguez E.E. Pereira Martins J. Perez Armand C. Pérez Bertolli L. Perrone S. Petrera C. Petrucci T. Pierog M. Pimenta V. Pirronello M. Platino B. Pont M. Pothast P. Privitera M. Prouza A. Puyleart S. Querchfeld J. Rautenberg D. Ravignani M. Reininghaus J. Ridky F. Riehn M. Risse V. Rizi W. Rodrigues de Carvalho J. Rodriguez Rojo M.J. Roncoroni S. Rossoni M. Roth E. Roulet A.C. Rovero P. Ruehl A. Saftoiu M. Saharan F. Salamida H. Salazar G. Salina J.D. Sanabria Gomez F. Sánchez E.M. Santos E. Santos F. Sarazin R. Sarmento R. Sato P. Savina C.M. Schäfer V. Scherini H. Schieler M. Schimassek M. Schimp F. Schlüter D. Schmidt O. Scholten H. Schoorlemmer P. Schovánek F.G. Schröder J. Schulte T. Schulz S.J. Sciutto M. Scornavacche A. Segreto S. Sehgal R.C. Shellard G. Sigl G. Silli O. Sima R. Smau R. Šmída P. Sommers J.F. Soriano R. Squartini M. Stadelmaier D. Stanca S. Stanič J. Stasielak P. Stassi M. Straub A. Streich M. Suárez-Durán T. Sudholz T. Suomijärvi A.D. Supanitsky Z. Szadkowski A. Tapia C. Taricco C. Timmermans O. Tkachenko P. Tobiska C.J. Todero Peixoto B. Tomé Z. Torrès A. Travaini P. Travnicek C. Trimarelli M. Tueros R. Ulrich M. Unger L. Vaclavek M. Vacula J.F. Valdés Galicia L. Valore E. Varela A. Vásquez-Ramírez D. Veberič C. Ventura I.D. Vergara Quispe V. Verzi J. Vicha J. Vink S. Vorobiov H. Wahlberg C. Watanabe A.A. Watson A. Weindl L. Wiencke H. Wilczyński D. Wittkowski B. Wundheiler A. Yushkov O. Zapparrata E. Zas D. Zavrtanik M. Zavrtanik L. Zehrer
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abstract

A promising energy range to look for angular correlation between cosmic rays of extragalactic origin and their sources is at the highest energies, above few tens of EeV ($1\:{\rm EeV}\equiv 10^{18}\:$eV). Despite the flux of these particles being extremely low, the area of ${\sim}\:3{,}000 \: \text{km}^2$ covered at the Pierre Auger Observatory, and the 17-year data-taking period of the Phase 1 of its operations, have enabled us to measure the arrival directions of more than 2,600 ultra-high energy cosmic rays above $32\:\text{EeV}$. We publish this data set, the largest available at such energies from an integrated exposure of $122{,}000 \: \text{km}^2\:\text{sr}\:\text{yr}$, and search it for anisotropies over the $3.4\pi$ steradians covered with the Observatory. Evidence for a deviation in excess of isotropy at intermediate angular scale, with ${\sim}\:15^\circ$ Gaussian spread or ${\sim}\:25^\circ$ top-hat radius, is obtained at the $4\:\sigma$ significance level for cosmic-ray energies above ${\sim}\:40\:\text{EeV}$.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. New full-sky studies of the distribution of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray arrival directions

    astro-ph.HE 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Full-sky UHECR arrival directions remain most correlated with starburst galaxies (4.2 sigma post-trial) after adding Telescope Array data, atmospheric corrections, and a new harmonic-space analysis.

  2. Cosmic-ray anisotropy: sensitivity of methods and implications for KASCADE data

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Autocorrelation is more sensitive than angular power spectrum to most medium/small-scale cosmic-ray anisotropies under limited FOV; KASCADE 10% data show >2.5σ iron anisotropy at ~10° and E≳20 PeV.

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