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Machine learning prediction of the MJO extends beyond one month

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arxiv 2301.01254 v1 pith:NET3TUWN submitted 2022-12-29 physics.ao-ph math.DS

classification physics.ao-phmath.DS
keywords predictiondatalearningmachinemodelmonthstateweather
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The prediction of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), a massive tropical weather event with vast global socio-economic impacts, has been infamously difficult with physics-based weather prediction models. Here we construct a machine learning model using reservoir computing technique that forecasts the real-time multivariate MJO index (RMM), a macroscopic variable that represents the state of the MJO. The training data was refined by developing a novel filter that extracts the recurrency of MJO signals from the raw atmospheric data and selecting a suitable time-delay coordinate of the RMM. The model demonstrated the skill to forecast the state of MJO events for a month from the pre-developmental stages. Best-performing cases predicted the RMM sequence over two months, which exceeds the expected inherent predictability limit of the MJO.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Propagation of the Madden-Julian oscillation as a deterministic chaotic phenomenon

    physics.ao-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The Madden-Julian oscillation's eastward propagation can split into multiple, probabilistically selected timing regimes under one background state, with the seasonal equatorial asymmetry of sea surface temperature act...

  2. Improving the Predictability of the Madden-Julian Oscillation at Subseasonal Scales with Gaussian Process Models

    math.NA 2025-05 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    A Gaussian process MJO forecaster with empirical correlations claims better skill than an ANN for the first five lead days and probabilistic coverage extending beyond three weeks after a covariance correction.

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