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Observation of four top quark production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV

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arxiv 2305.13439 v2 pith:ZQA5JAG5 submitted 2023-05-22 hep-ex

CMS Collaboration This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-ex
keywords fourproductionstandardchargedcollisionsdeviationsjetsleptons
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

The observation of the production of four top quarks in proton-proton collisions is reported, based on a data sample collected by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016-2018 at the CERN LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. Events with two same-sign, three, or four charged leptons (electrons and muons) and additional jets are analyzed. Compared to previous results in these channels, updated identification techniques for charged leptons and jets originating from the hadronization of b quarks, as well as a revised multivariate analysis strategy to distinguish the signal process from the main backgrounds, lead to an improved expected signal significance of 4.9 standard deviations above the background-only hypothesis. Four top quark production is observed with a significance of 5.6 standard deviations, and its cross section is measured to be 17.7 $^{+3.7}_{-3.5}$ (stat) $^{+2.3}_{-1.9}$ (syst) fb, in agreement with the available standard model predictions.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

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  1. A search for electroweak $t\bar{t}Wj$ production in multileptonic final states at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector and bounds on effective field theory operators

    hep-ex 2025-09 accept novelty 7.0 of 10

    First search for electroweak ttWj production at 13 TeV sets observed (expected) 95% CL upper limits of 251 fb (230 fb) versus the SM prediction of 47.7 fb and constrains the O_Ht and O_HQ^(1) EFT operators.

  2. Electroweak precision observables at NLL order in the SMEFT

    hep-ph 2026-08 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    SMEFT electroweak precision predictions can be upgraded to NLL accuracy using two-loop renormalization-group evolution plus one-loop matching, yielding complete 210-coefficient expressions and stronger indirect new-ph...

  3. Invariant-mass threshold resummation for the production of four top quarks at the LHC

    hep-ph 2025-05 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    First invariant-mass threshold resummation for ttbar ttbar production, giving NLO+NLL' predictions for the invariant-mass distribution and total cross section.

  4. Fingerprinting New Physics with Effective Field Theories

    hep-ph 2025-01 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

    A thesis compiling published SMEFT global fits, automated UV-model constraints, and ML-based unbinned observables, with projections for HL-LHC, FCC-ee, and CEPC.

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