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Pisces VII/Triangulum III -- M33's second dwarf satellite galaxy

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arxiv 2305.13966 v2 pith:KXFMO24T submitted 2023-05-23 astro-ph.GA

classification astro-ph.GA
keywords piscgalaxyimagingbranchdistancedwarfsatellitetriangulum
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Pisces VII/Triangulum III (Pisc~VII) was discovered in the DESI Legacy Imaging Survey and was shown to be a Local Group dwarf galaxy with follow-up imaging from the 4-m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. However, this imaging was unable to reach the horizontal branch of Pisc VII, preventing a precision distance measurement. The distance bound from the red giant branch population placed Pisc VII as either an isolated ultra-faint dwarf galaxy or the second known satellite galaxy of Triangulum (M33). Using deep imaging from Gemini GMOS-N, we have resolved the horizontal branch of Pisc VII, and measure a distance of $D=916^{+65}_{-53}$~kpc, making Pisc VII a likely satellite of M33. We also remeasure its size and luminosity from this deeper data, finding $r_{\rm half}=186^{+58}_{-32}$ pc, $M_V=-6.0\pm0.3$ and $L=2.2^{+0.7}_{-0.5}\times10^4\,{\rm L}_\odot$. Given its position in the M33 halo, we argue that Pisc VII could support the theory that M33 is on its first infall to the Andromeda system. We also discuss the presence of blue plume and helium burning stars in the colour-magnitude diagram of Pisc VII that are consistent with ages of $\sim1.5$~Gyr. If these are truly members of the galaxy, it would transform our understanding of how reionisation affects the faintest galaxies. Future deep imaging and dynamics could allow significant insight into both the stellar populations of Pisc VII and the evolution of M33

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Deep in the Fields of the Andromeda Halo: Discovery of the Pegasus VII dwarf galaxy in UNIONS

    astro-ph.GA 2025-02 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    Pegasus VII is a newly discovered ultra-faint dwarf galaxy at about 331 kpc from M31, with MV = -5.7 and a half-light radius of 177 pc.

  2. The satellite galaxies of the Milky Way and Andromeda

    astro-ph.GA 2025-02 unverdicted novelty 2.0 of 10

    A field review of Local Group dwarf satellites, their discovery, observed properties, and use as dark matter and galaxy evolution probes.

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