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Slice-Level Scheduling for High Throughput and Load Balanced LLM Serving

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arxiv 2406.13511 v2 pith:6RWOZNFQ submitted 2024-06-19 cs.DC

classification cs.DC
keywords requestsschedulinggenerationthroughputbatchinglengthmemoryserving
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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Large language models (LLMs) iteratively generate text token by token, with memory usage increasing with the length of generated token sequences. Since the request generation length is generally unpredictable, it is difficult to estimate the time and memory required to process requests, thus posing a challenge for effective request scheduling. Conventional sequence-level scheduling (SLS) serves requests in a first-come first-served (FCFS) manner with static batching where requests with short generation lengths are delayed until those with long ones have finished generation. Besides, to avoid out-of-memory (OOM) errors, SLS batches requests using a small batch size, which limits throughput. Recently proposed iteration-level scheduling (ILS) improves this with continuous batching, timely completing requests and dynamically adding new ones, but often limits the number of parallel-processing requests to OOM errors, thus compromising throughput. Moreover, both SLS and ILS fail to effectively balance workload across multiple LLM instances. To tackle these challenges, we propose slice-level scheduling (SCLS). By splitting the predefined maximal generation length limit into slices and serving batches slice by slice, it provides a precise range of serving time and memory usage for batched requests, laying the foundation for effective scheduling. Experiments confirm that compared with SLS and ILS schedulers, SCLS can improve throughput by up to 315.8% and greatly mitigate load imbalance with proposed batching and offloading algorithms.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Auto-Scaling Heterogeneous Neural Processing Units for Energy and Cost-Efficient LLM Serving

    cs.AR 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    NeuScale routes LLM inference requests to the most energy/cost-efficient configuration of heterogeneous NPU chips using roofline allocation and runtime auto-scaling.

  2. WindVE: Collaborative CPU-NPU Vector Embedding

    cs.DC 2025-04 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    WindVE offloads peak vector-embedding queries to idle CPUs through a regression-calibrated queue manager, achieving up to 22.3% higher concurrency than a GPU/NPU-only baseline under the same SLOs.

  3. DeServe: Towards Affordable Offline LLM Inference via Decentralization

    cs.DC 2025-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    DeServe combines KV cache offloading and microbatch scheduling to maintain high LLM offline inference throughput in high-latency decentralized environments.

  4. SLO-Aware Scheduling for Large Language Model Inferences

    cs.DC 2025-04 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A simulated-annealing scheduler that orders LLM inference requests by their service-level objectives and predicted lengths improves SLO attainment by up to 5x over vLLM and LMDeploy.

  5. Multi-Bin Batching for Increasing LLM Inference Throughput

    cs.CL 2024-12 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Grouping LLM requests into bins by predicted execution time before forming batches provably raises inference throughput, approaching the theoretical maximum as bin count grows.

  6. Taming the Titans: A Survey of Efficient LLM Inference Serving

    cs.CL 2025-04 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    A survey that classifies LLM inference serving techniques into instance, cluster, emerging-scenario, and miscellaneous categories, with a companion GitHub index and four research directions.

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