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Partition regularity of generalized Pythagorean pairs
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abstract
We address partition regularity problems for homogeneous quadratic equations. A consequence of our main results is that, under natural conditions on the coefficients $a,b,c$, for any finite coloring of the positive integers, there exists a solution to $ax^2+by^2=cz^2$ where $x$ and $y$ have the same color (and similar results for $x,z$ and $y,z$). For certain choices of $(a,b,c)$, our result is conditional on an Elliott-type conjecture. Our proofs build on and extend previous arguments of the authors dealing with the Pythagorean equation. We make use of new uniformity properties of aperiodic multiplicative functions and concentration estimates for multiplicative functions along arbitrary binary quadratic forms.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Partition regularity of polynomial equations over Z is undecidable if Hilbert's tenth problem over Q is undecidable, and over function fields it is unconditionally Pi_2^0-complete.
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For gcd(a,b,c,d)=1, the liminf of |f(an+b)-f(cn+d)| is zero for every completely multiplicative unit-circle f if and only if a=c and either b=d or a divides bd.
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Homogeneous Patterns in Ramsey Theory
The paper establishes new partition regularity results for nonlinear equations, including m-degree homogeneous equations with prescribed degree of regularity.
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Partition regularity of homogeneous quadratics: Current trends and challenges
A survey of methods proving partition regularity for pairs of variables in homogeneous quadratic equations, with the remaining cases reduced to an open conjecture about vanishing correlations.
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