Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-23T20:29:01.988333Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback
As of 6 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 22 of 22 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2409.18660.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T11:28:38.206435Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T11:28:38.959949Z
Reference resolution
22 of 22 outbound references displayed
- verified exact2
- verified fuzzy16
- unresolved3
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch1
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation 611c34a9-3750-4450-8d36-f05007c1d4ce · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.178858Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 6c016904-2055-4259-a252-10b13d375605 · outbound
This paper cites Learning from AI may itself depend on relevant prior experience (Brynjolfsson et al., 2023).
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Learning from AI may itself depend on relevant prior experience (Brynjolfsson et al., 2023)
Reference 2
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.184257Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation c017531b-96a5-4a4a-8f54-37a5324a507e · outbound
This paper cites outcome homogenization.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback outcome homogenization
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.194376Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 6207b2ce-7bc5-49c5-8ac3-14d62941abc2 · outbound
This paper cites Chess has been a focal point of AI research for decades (Shannon, 1950; Turing, 1953).
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Chess has been a focal point of AI research for decades (Shannon, 1950; Turing, 1953)
Reference 4
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.215269Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 9c9f6f59-2e23-4bdd-bdd7-582c3652565d · outbound
This paper cites Our data come from lichess.org, a popular and free online chess platform.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Our data come from lichess.org, a popular and free online chess platform
Reference 5
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.173894Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 0fb44493-4ea6-4e2e-8b20-4011f263ed87 · outbound
This paper cites correspondence.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback correspondence
Reference 6
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.179684Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 8bc1d2df-27cd-40f2-bac4-da04fcbc28d5 · outbound
This paper cites We include a control variable 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑟𝑒!" and its squared term, which captures the number of years an individual i has been active on the platform at time t.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback We include a control variable 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑟𝑒!" and its squared term, which captures the number of years an individual i has been active on the platform at time t
Reference 7
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.169862Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation d6e07395-f56b-4fe2-b448-7cdffcbe8704 · outbound
This paper cites Standard errors clustered on the individual level in parentheses.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Standard errors clustered on the individual level in parentheses
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.188956Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation b5e066e2-5cc8-4a9d-9935-53e24d2a0965 · outbound
This paper cites chess openings.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback chess openings
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.142695Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 7bb39975-a974-4267-b51f-0613543374d6 · outbound
This paper cites =𝛽1𝐴𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟(.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback =𝛽1𝐴𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟(
Reference 10
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.218682Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 37be7920-3713-435a-ab82-d9fa14a7e994 · outbound
This paper cites great equalizer.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback great equalizer
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.206970Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 8014e558-2bbf-4d4e-ad0e-85b3207817fa · outbound
This paper cites Thus, our study supports the body of work suggesting that AI acts as a complement to high skill (Acemoglu and Autor, 2011; Autor, 2024; Autor et al.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Thus, our study supports the body of work suggesting that AI acts as a complement to high skill (Acemoglu and Autor, 2011; Autor, 2024; Autor et al
Reference 12
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.199343Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 6c22b244-ef46-47cb-bebf-3d1af6736ba9 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.136183Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 25a931e6-03c9-4e9d-9c13-6c0905c640c0 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.146162Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 79fd9a86-1311-4382-9dde-fc9f9de16f99 · outbound
This paper cites more human than human.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback more human than human
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.129705Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation f680a1b3-797a-4c71-b361-0d3ba128aaa2 · outbound
This paper cites Strategic Management Journal 43(10): 2066–2100.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Strategic Management Journal 43(10): 2066–2100
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.211070Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 953a69ee-601d-44d5-8493-b149a9bdaaf1 · outbound
This paper cites Strategic Management Journal 37(10): 2031–2049.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Strategic Management Journal 37(10): 2031–2049
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.139374Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 9f6d2238-cc20-422e-a4e8-2a14b7c826e7 · outbound
This paper cites GPTs are GPTs: An Early Look at the Labor Market Impact Potential of Large Language Models.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback GPTs are GPTs: An Early Look at the Labor Market Impact Potential of Large Language Models
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T20:33:25.992048Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 6bda6790-04fa-4b1e-af49-1f0af2d2378c · outbound
This paper cites An Overview of Catastrophic AI Risks.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback An Overview of Catastrophic AI Risks
Reference 19
- Resolution
- metadata mismatch
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-25T05:03:47.506388Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 791ba45a-b980-45ff-b4ad-072178aa2b1d · outbound
This paper cites University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for Economics Working Paper (2024–50).
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for Economics Working Paper (2024–50)
Reference 20
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.126585Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 8af53136-fa48-49df-81ee-b1063dc80ffd · outbound
This paper cites Towards Human-AI Deliberation: Design and Evaluation of LLM-Empowered Deliberative AI for AI-Assisted Decision-Making.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Towards Human-AI Deliberation: Design and Evaluation of LLM-Empowered Deliberative AI for AI-Assisted Decision-Making
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T20:33:25.979752Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 06c8d486-e55a-43c4-bdb7-65724b8df4a8 · outbound
This paper cites Journal of Human Resources 50(2): 420–445.
Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback Journal of Human Resources 50(2): 420–445
Reference 22
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-24T03:26:00.203399Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Pith citing papers
Observation ddbe2514-a54c-46fa-8e80-83a6275ffd3b · inbound
Artificial or Human Intelligence? cites this paper.
Artificial or Human Intelligence? Who Benefits from AI? Self-Selection, Skill Gap, and the Hidden Costs of AI Feedback
Reference 5
- Resolution
- metadata mismatch
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T11:28:39.028596Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.