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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses

As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 21 of 21 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.15398.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.15398 v2

Coverage vector

measured 21 of 21 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.081006Z

measured 21 of 21 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

21 of 21 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact9
  • verified fuzzy1
  • unresolved11
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 6902f5ab-b99b-400a-b957-9f5fc5347608 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.555908Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:25.983750Z digest=sha256:21879b54fec8e8bca3fe60ebcf6d9f671ce0d8f085731e4b1eef010882dbb2fe

Observation 3655a870-39ba-420a-8d1d-c92529b69cc9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.235195Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:25.989616Z digest=sha256:e3a00b9b54c2d7e96f7885031cde60356a8c947e9fb301637916384a85893b41

Observation cc0d91be-97d2-42a1-bc64-64280e1060c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:25.994370Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:25.994370Z digest=sha256:5ae8694b737146eaff9fbc6e015a7fc446fcc7094c6f9848d25ebd6a1f467955

Observation fca0cd73-0d71-40d5-887e-31e908f04df7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.541977Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:25.998853Z digest=sha256:cc2686a500c14f32586eb0478f8729d11f92ab5304c26a9ef155e004df0abe9d

Observation d043cf18-8c2e-47c2-8036-f476d0e49e51 · outbound

This paper cites Mazess, and Linda L.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Mazess, and Linda L

Reference 5

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.212832Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.004541Z digest=sha256:63c664bf154c3074f603d6434506c4a97cb2f16b6002b084079ea33c3b844d59

Observation 4c87577f-77d2-4532-9d4e-c70a306a5960 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.200813Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.010152Z digest=sha256:caa5baebdeeabbd060b76c4b19680b2da40fe0b78579d57e19f7b5d6efa8765e

Observation 0e0acb9e-7255-4553-af0f-d6a399523a2b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.526017Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.015034Z digest=sha256:76c8fc2609272aaae79326b9e031bc889d2353f2473234941ca33652ceec2b01

Observation 0bb97ab0-b08e-4ed0-b9d3-594b83e73bfc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.507357Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.019291Z digest=sha256:988298fb9ed3c335fca6ae187b2b35cd582b07321cb0c4e4064d48c22dd290e5

Observation 01249758-36b1-4c97-adb3-e4d2823f36a4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.489886Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.023889Z digest=sha256:0369a79ad808be8e3437d94c1464db9d8878aa1b871fea54b6496bdbc68ce2c7

Observation cce1acc2-a602-4410-9731-4fa479015edc · outbound

This paper cites Mackay, Frederick Ho, Carlos A.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Mackay, Frederick Ho, Carlos A

Reference 10

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.188124Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

correction dated 2020-07-23. Source: crossref record 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.021->10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.050:correction, observed 2026-07-11T03:16:15.005378+00:00. This notice travels one citation hop only.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.028907Z digest=sha256:e13194d3aeee3549b3f865361902d4685c16dbf60fe29db570e1b1574151a30f

Observation 6458fc1b-84ab-4798-98a4-903e9ef3dfba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.033699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.033699Z digest=sha256:b536daf8ba222e78c4683971e4cc908ccb788fe966867bab896f7f9c6c80ec5e

Observation 98f0bcee-b7c2-433b-a9e6-37cd191882b1 · outbound

This paper cites M., and D.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses M., and D

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.473216Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.037901Z digest=sha256:40f93bc3669f2e58e3ee5b872e1bda8f93d12ff714b240f45c5680bc6313b4d8

Observation cd394353-0c9e-4c68-94d4-e552c10a1874 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.453475Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.043192Z digest=sha256:3af0b82558d3ac9e53d8b759dcb33ac7a5e77944a3df8cacf020f1436ab0c573

Observation edb88ccd-4c1b-4b1e-8db1-e79b4a2274fc · outbound

This paper cites Sneve, M.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Sneve, M

Reference 14

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.166190Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.047536Z digest=sha256:e7816a4e1b39a74fd711353c14878a8a55e00fe00244318131aeb0c2d06a4efb

Observation d88529dd-47c0-442b-a95a-6450beef369e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.151265Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.051475Z digest=sha256:af115f4aee14efb61b8b90749a68a07bb90f0a980db5bf55147516ae6cf0da72

Observation be11ba4b-3181-40fc-b511-e9812d0e63dd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.406782Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.055435Z digest=sha256:4be404d9b8667a54054fccd0c5d8ab0746db9692c8966c7d8987e9831a5a909f

Observation 7c1e150e-793b-4441-a830-2fb5decc1a9c · outbound

This paper cites Hovey, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Christopher A.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Hovey, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Christopher A

Reference 17

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.136862Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.060786Z digest=sha256:6a1a27c85c4e6c2cd2b0b7cd9ab81295419561660e2a01b52267f7e0490cd746

Observation b9ea2383-e6a0-48e7-bcbe-7066072b0280 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.066868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.066868Z digest=sha256:c04b1af6e7998f6c53678a4e901bed7068594488b8af062da2502f505a52589a

Observation fd347e34-24e3-488d-adb1-b73154835e65 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.439920Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.072227Z digest=sha256:7c90ccb67423d73f8723dc349b99dfa506c51eb78f2c617dd5cbc040bc17c028

Observation aa5db804-eb9a-469b-86f4-1622be9395a0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.423518Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.076426Z digest=sha256:503f6964551f5b7acbee9feb795dafb988610418a32f5aea35bbb7b1903bfbfe

Observation 0c97a5ed-e849-4eaa-88d9-fff11b7ac39e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

The ultimate issue error in scientific inference: mistaking parameters for hypotheses Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution
verified exact
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T14:25:26.322128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-12T14:25:26.081006Z digest=sha256:092bbff2cc2490a8b93e4de3d41e05991848c51bed9f874742e8b7248aa06270

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.