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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

As of 12 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 17 of 17 outbound references and 6 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.03123.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.03123 v2

Coverage vector

measured 17 of 17 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.698783Z

measured 23 of 23 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00

measured 6 of 6 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T13:13:37.853192Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-29T21:53:59.607481Z

Reference resolution

17 of 17 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy3
  • unresolved14
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation ae8278c1-d420-4062-961e-fc13c015240f · outbound

This paper cites and Fritz, M.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers and Fritz, M

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T22:50:00.160553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.394766Z digest=sha256:fb17ed1793d18f5f5f2b6b0dabe7745b2f2dacdf92e680c808aafc6a5cc5d8ba

Observation 2c36febd-9f1d-4d95-bedd-f55d32c519c7 · outbound

This paper cites Way Off-Policy Batch Deep Reinforcement Learning of Implicit Human Preferences in Dialog.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Way Off-Policy Batch Deep Reinforcement Learning of Implicit Human Preferences in Dialog

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.484902Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.484902Z digest=sha256:6a26495ba8c7067e9ec654d5626b283e2107a7e5dc37ca7dee32875d8432cd47

Observation af5e5610-e7fa-460c-8c22-dd26c8fb313c · outbound

This paper cites When it comes to fantasy sports and betting on NASCAR races, there’s nothing wrong with it,.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers When it comes to fantasy sports and betting on NASCAR races, there’s nothing wrong with it,

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T22:50:00.067990Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.698783Z digest=sha256:72f4bda99ad744f136c9c0bb73cac7ba504ebb5de3173e6c962863231e203085

Observation d02a5c19-3405-4208-998b-3e6aa198cf57 · outbound

This paper cites Robust Distortion-free Watermarks for Language Models.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Robust Distortion-free Watermarks for Language Models

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.547068Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.547068Z digest=sha256:2646c8a759d04e81c33086ba8d40b7bf454c87cf8bc40cd0ddd33d3787b8ba40

Observation 1dae55d9-880f-4e53-9a28-23b9c51a5205 · outbound

This paper cites Waterfall: Framework for Robust and Scalable Text Watermarking and Provenance for LLMs.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Waterfall: Framework for Robust and Scalable Text Watermarking and Provenance for LLMs

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.584755Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.584755Z digest=sha256:b00eae65bf95d9dfc1f11ee1680e94832ab208e07d791bbdb926be04fc4f162d

Observation db3b9b8d-12db-4643-a93d-cea1680c2e12 · outbound

This paper cites A Semantic Invariant Robust Watermark for Large Language Models.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers A Semantic Invariant Robust Watermark for Large Language Models

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.596127Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.596127Z digest=sha256:cb07b67cb5960c9ca43f3e128e0b980a5183cd96b0335b0f9cc13dd077827df0

Observation ba113c13-9d02-448d-891b-c2f0fb450191 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.617418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.617418Z digest=sha256:6ef317de16ee22d9078eae0276a23605ced31f0b4b86b907f467a3f60e34c2ce

Observation 31141577-d807-4d49-b190-469dcb81e9e8 · outbound

This paper cites The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.623476Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.623476Z digest=sha256:12318550ccdec875730d5ecd3c5120ad694abeebcb3822022de01b01f5433c08

Observation 12f4aabd-eaa8-47d2-9b02-b4b5b0b8c8e5 · outbound

This paper cites Robust multi- bit natural language watermarking through invariant fea- tures.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Robust multi- bit natural language watermarking through invariant fea- tures

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T22:50:00.099612Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.669946Z digest=sha256:31407a02b10fd7e9b211812e1b0309325ccfcbbb1dc96245b4a8369ff4c259ef

Observation 10bac430-fcbe-4908-95cb-b6882b5e05b9 · outbound

This paper cites Provable Robust Watermarking for AI-Generated Text.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Provable Robust Watermarking for AI-Generated Text

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.677860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.677860Z digest=sha256:8c3a0dbb0cc573d11d07f12ba2ed9acada2f9841fca70ef80e9b920bf2d8fea6

Observation b1fc436f-45a3-4326-9d96-112843a293b9 · outbound

This paper cites Secrets of RLHF in Large Language Models Part I: PPO.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Secrets of RLHF in Large Language Models Part I: PPO

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.689410Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.689410Z digest=sha256:9aedcef473991a52d063815613261dd7e1500ced7a5d271e0236bbc488c936b7

Observation 49eac86d-bb0f-4bfd-a026-dcc8eae0ce07 · outbound

This paper cites Learning to Watermark LLM-generated Text via Reinforcement Learning.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Learning to Watermark LLM-generated Text via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 2018

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.654759Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.654759Z digest=sha256:e118e5392d1fd763deaac9c6765da44f8fbde9c5da9f346b28984cac9702d51c

Observation 59280202-38f0-494f-b3db-ed4b0f5e2bdb · outbound

This paper cites PKU-SafeRLHF: Towards Multi-Level Safety Alignment for LLMs with Human Preference.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers PKU-SafeRLHF: Towards Multi-Level Safety Alignment for LLMs with Human Preference

Reference 2019

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.514761Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.514761Z digest=sha256:abcb971fb4b29d7eec4cd60408b414ea38b83417981b2ede2708f14559756907

Observation f6d9f1ea-bbd2-4db7-ac11-9841551e1a24 · outbound

This paper cites Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms

Reference 2020

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.637303Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.637303Z digest=sha256:0e75c98ca0048231cfbb00c30409143750d92bbd1701fe62f6cfcd37dbdd56c0

Observation 2495e802-099b-4b7e-a5a9-677a6298f694 · outbound

This paper cites Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback

Reference 2021

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.402891Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.402891Z digest=sha256:f730be50b72be1aa43a86935244eac476316103e64409d4f6661fcdab70563ef

Observation c3874119-0cb9-47d2-8b0d-1ea517f98853 · outbound

This paper cites SemStamp: A Semantic Watermark with Paraphrastic Robustness for Text Generation.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers SemStamp: A Semantic Watermark with Paraphrastic Robustness for Text Generation

Reference 2023

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.475949Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.475949Z digest=sha256:bf424cb311142dadeaa57270acd10baddd53d11c53bad8d3fa994001686850a4

Observation 7ef818bd-c654-4d9d-ad78-377b720e1d76 · outbound

This paper cites On the Learnability of Watermarks for Language Models.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers On the Learnability of Watermarks for Language Models

Reference 2024

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.426740Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.426740Z digest=sha256:f23ae39e60cc3c2a000c02e09cd2d00c71c88ee8c2d6961f4599af88049f96aa

Pith citing papers

Observation ce9b2707-e054-4dcf-a6b6-c5916a484802 · inbound

Copyright Protection for Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Trends cites this paper.

Copyright Protection for Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Trends Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 158

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T22:46:53.062491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T22:45:31.935618Z digest=sha256:a9818c34d5e0150753d5269f17d57391f9b28e9c22e13898f1f68e9fc5c752f9

Observation 75baa02e-129e-4519-a5b5-399f020e9794 · inbound

Fundamental Trade-Offs in Multi-Bit Watermarking of Stochastic Processes cites this paper.

Fundamental Trade-Offs in Multi-Bit Watermarking of Stochastic Processes Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 51

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T07:51:48.842752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-12T01:32:57.175350Z digest=sha256:d89cdc14d589cd3d7af7624d7d398108ae62b7866d32b853bc338890b4d8cae8

Observation bee16832-4117-41a8-b1d4-f2d6e650b0b7 · inbound

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection cites this paper.

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 27

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T03:47:12.013380Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T03:45:47.751525Z digest=sha256:29206287d5471c2e5f5d6d0f86a31697e2ad777ae7678215d7f06fd7bb5c6953

Observation 52409daf-0e7a-4fb9-858c-f7cb39f14e74 · inbound

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection cites this paper.

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 27

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T10:01:23.696332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T09:56:23.855385Z digest=sha256:913e922287e79df1b932d24ab81ca55066f22c7db20765df39c748e06eddb73b

Observation 8d52f229-6bed-4eeb-92b8-3bbd0dd5fdd1 · inbound

SAMark: A Self-Anchored Text Watermarking with Paragraph-Level Paraphrase Robustness cites this paper.

SAMark: A Self-Anchored Text Watermarking with Paragraph-Level Paraphrase Robustness Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 31

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T21:53:59.609097Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-29T21:46:56.921674Z digest=sha256:1c070eea821034f00a6700bc4c2b8aa32f2ecb04fe0c639d27d27316afd3d215

Observation 10a71602-847d-4f89-abe9-a0a5425255fe · inbound

SAMark: A Self-Anchored Text Watermarking with Paragraph-Level Paraphrase Robustness cites this paper.

SAMark: A Self-Anchored Text Watermarking with Paragraph-Level Paraphrase Robustness Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 31

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T13:13:37.853192Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T13:13:37.853192Z digest=sha256:12f56408eaf99476d7188e063c83fac8994ba4f73d3eea5b0dda933bd8555b8a