Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T17:04:37.944748Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 11 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 55 of 55 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.09682.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T17:04:37.944748Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T22:47:17.437937Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
55 of 55 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 62d4b522-436c-495c-a0b2-43e07c4d1aa0 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Hawking, Black holes in general relativity , Communications in Mathematical Physics 25 (1972) 152–166
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 957fc430-920c-4751-af39-ec9aafb17cd5 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Woolgar, Bounded area theorems for higher-genus black holes , Classical and Quantum Gravity 16 (1999) 3005–3012
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 25447b14-24a6-49ef-8282-50ef4c43358a · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Kontou and V
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation ac91c3ac-0fd1-4757-aac8-2b8f34a6ebf1 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 746e8def-fdec-48a6-b30a-cc79eb79982a · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Christodoulou and R
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 7eff246d-013e-46c1-aca6-cafab79dc4b3 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Harvie, A penrose-type inequality for static spacetimes , (2024), [ gr-qc/2410.12203]
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation ce4ebe3c-85a1-4610-afd3-fd07d2558124 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Bekenstein, Black holes and entropy , Physical Review D 7 (1973) 2333–2346
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation e7b4ac95-200f-48f2-8c96-8bd0c7937bba · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Wald, Black hole entropy is the noether charge , Physical Review D 48 (1993) 3427–3431
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation c2f19c06-7fe9-412d-9d1d-e228844a9172 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Christodoulou, Reversible and irreversible transformations in black-hol e physics , Physical Review Letters 25 (1970) 1596–1597
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 8a94e25c-d683-4a30-98cd-7f59502b080c · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Padmanabhan, Thermodynamical aspects of gravity: new insights , Reports on Progress in Physics 73 (2010) 046901
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation b585286a-3903-43ab-a14f-af2826a749df · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Bamba and C.-Q
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 3cb76164-6c47-4ce0-9b45-903173e496dd · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Peralta and S
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation a47e9b64-b385-4267-835d-e790d1203a03 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Some Speculations about Black Hole Entropy in String Theory
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4575cfec-ab0e-4f6d-ab68-055b88fa11c7 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Faraoni, Black hole entropy in scalar-tensor and ƒ(r) gravity: An overview , Entropy 12 (2010) 1246–1263
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 39a9db37-7ebb-49ca-a9e9-8a4b87ded6d9 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Lee, Are black holes black bodies? , Nuclear Physics B 264 (1986) 437–486
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation ab8a3215-696a-4fe7-bd19-e2a96dcdb7cb · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Dalui, B.R
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 459e1053-dae4-4891-afac-fd7addfacafd · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Bardeen, B
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation b06f867a-9793-43c1-935d-765cd74d3134 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Appels, R
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation fd855a54-d1cd-48e5-b5dd-b273b18b771b · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Hawking, Particle creation by black holes , Communications In Mathematical Physics 43 (1975) 199–220
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 49b1e086-2557-4b36-9d03-81e924774ba2 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Hayward, General laws of black-hole dynamics , Physical Review D 49 (1994) 6467–6474
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 54e0a3e7-2898-4ac9-bacd-1f2798d6ac9d · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Hayward, Spin coefficient form of the new laws of black hole dynamics , Classical and Quantum Gravity 11 (1994) 3025–3035
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation b5b28d1e-e6de-470f-b5fd-ca780f73fecc · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism In this particular case, the spacetime is of type D and the congruen ces associated to the principal null directions are geodesic, shear-free and non-rotating
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 46c68eea-caec-4559-ab4f-1d5fdca18aa0 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Nielsen and J.H
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 3aeb7ad8-bd5f-426e-96e4-54ca0d04b55b · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Gibbons and S.W
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 8d6fa240-df4f-4a5c-9e68-93fb7cd21eaa · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Eling, R
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 710a9ad3-8c2b-4c0a-8eb6-27713a0aea4e · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Classical and Quantum Thermodynamics of horizons in spherically symmetric spacetimes
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 09deef0c-3eaf-4706-8e4e-b5662e956166 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Fodor, K
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 30aafdd1-21fb-40f9-8919-2f2e3db67649 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism This coincides with the energy term obtained by Padmanabhan, E = a/2, for the static and spherically symmetric case [10]
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation bf2af445-31fa-4454-9fec-7310350f040d · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Jacobson, Thermodynamics of spacetime: The einstein equation of stat e, Physical Review Letters 75 (1995) 1260–1263
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 7ad31908-69b3-4b05-989c-95e47c9c157e · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Cvetiˇ c, G.W
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation adc7d56f-6300-400a-be49-8864f5666757 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism ( 28), this can be rewritten as χ(H) 4 √ A A0 − 1 4π √ A A0 þ′ρA = 1 4π √ A A0 (Φ ph 11 + 3Λ ph)A, (32) which will be referred as the Penrose-Rindler Smarr formula
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation c6a3e7ed-0230-4ee0-898f-9baabce28039 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Kastor, S
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation ab1e7712-f214-4001-9231-27aebf139fe0 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Smarr, Mass formula for kerr black holes , Physical Review Letters 30 (1973) 71–73
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 7af40128-1e32-4d8f-814a-2aee594a7066 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Kubizˇ n´ ak, R.B
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation fd9098d3-55d2-43a9-b8b1-0d22eff8ccbf · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Newman and R
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 8d615196-fe90-46c0-8ee0-ca9654bbd3d5 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Kothawala and T
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation edb70917-5831-42d5-ba0a-328767610895 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Kothawala, S
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation b4c81343-beb3-48fd-801e-fccabfeb5b30 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Penrose and W
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 095a21ef-e945-4917-944c-cce28030a852 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Quiros, Selected topics in scalar–tensor theories and beyond , International Journal of Modern Physics D 28 (2019) 1930012
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 2e197164-c7fc-4e29-a283-b864c02fa995 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Banerjee and B.R
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation cab26ad3-99f6-4800-9fa7-6cbb753cb0ea · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Bargue˜ no and E
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation d25dc401-c600-449b-a27a-419124db566c · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Geroch, A
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation d952c741-9c80-49b4-a144-812a982a42e9 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Medved, D
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation aa7d705a-2008-4a72-b42c-82cc9c153d68 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Hayward, Quasilocal gravitational energy , Physical Review D 49 (1994) 831–839
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 253ec98f-ea48-4a10-b24f-c1567f367a1a · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Taub, Empty space-times admitting a three parameter group of moti ons, The Annals of Mathematics 53 (1951) 472
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 91d5d879-465e-4ea7-a139-6d10e5544ff5 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Villalba, P
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 40fe4d85-afac-4633-b262-18095f90b58c · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Faraoni and S
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b9108847-f8de-4db2-b99c-6586770337a6 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Sharif and M
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation f6a4bd3d-6904-471f-a693-4fb224bc51b3 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Hawking and G.F.R
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation b2b16407-cfc7-4219-bc05-1c728c97eda3 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Durkee, V
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 5770946d-6591-49c8-b6b7-d51d8ae983fd · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Newman, L
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 0fa712f5-a4bc-4289-8936-c37b44f24a4c · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Liu and H.-S
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 8907bbd6-25d6-4222-8509-1630974a22a8 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Taub-NUT solutions in conformal electrodynamics
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d486a46f-b45a-40b9-b223-03323400c132 · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism Hennigar, D
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation d729b6a0-e68c-40f8-b1dc-5eab05207ced · outbound
The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism That is, we just showed that Eq
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-11T06:34:44.6726+00:00.
Observation 38f9ecf1-c3d3-4b52-ab59-521060db820f · inbound
Penrose-Rindler equation and horizon thermodynamics of stationary black holes The Smarr formula within the Geroch-Held-Penrose formalism
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.