Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T23:38:32.809637Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 65 of 65 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.13205.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T23:38:32.809637Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T00:50:01.067201Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-11T00:50:01.193567Z
65 of 65 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 07e4cac6-d25c-4f53-b68b-04047c05f3ad · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval write newline
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 00eda8e3-e3d5-457b-a26f-7a087235c6bf · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , " * write output.state after.block = add.period write newline
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 851584f6-59d4-469f-9dba-b565b24f046f · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval write newline
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4c0bddc5-052b-4a1c-9736-58b780abcb34 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval write newline
Reference 4
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Observation 98943fb2-55d4-4330-8826-d5e5abeaa0de · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , " * write output.state after.block = add.period write newline
Reference 5
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e0486a7e-ab5e-40fd-a0d3-c0929943fe5c · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval write newline
Reference 6
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b14e6de6-97d8-4afa-834b-dea43016377e · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Available from:
Reference 7
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 26dc154d-f793-469e-b9ca-c8d98acbe465 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval write newline
Reference 8
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b8290670-bc3a-4d24-82a4-2ccb597dec77 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval GPT-4 Technical Report
Reference 9
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8d809202-ec42-4e01-b373-08531bda83ab · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models
Reference 11
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Observation 1fb404a7-0bbe-481e-b4fb-91e094c09d05 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Large-Scale Multi-Label Text Classification on EU Legislation
Reference 12
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Observation 92f7a53b-a91b-40fe-8fd3-2a6f8e4e74f6 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Fisch , A
Reference 13
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Observation a090cf3c-a230-4bd8-858e-d0bd4da4915b · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale
Reference 14
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 04a11394-baf4-4da1-ae2c-1c5369ec3ad2 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval FlashAttention-2: Faster Attention with Better Parallelism and Work Partitioning
Reference 15
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation afad469c-7db1-4cfd-b86d-34115373e2a1 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Chang , M.-W
Reference 16
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Observation 3cc1f216-3d64-481a-b237-9842a365b286 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Dumais , S.T
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 753a73d5-4aa5-49d7-9155-b72bb1cf9ad8 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding
Reference 18
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dc45e11f-e8d1-4fc3-b57f-90b656df9f91 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Du , J
Reference 19
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 7519b17c-6622-4e0e-8c00-b4e73aa5f6e6 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Unsupervised Corpus Aware Language Model Pre-training for Dense Passage Retrieval
Reference 20
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 81ac1924-2cb2-4685-a1a9-8a911d55ddd9 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Callan , J
Reference 21
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8eaffb0b-d3d7-4ec0-97e4-874117d98f68 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Don't Stop Pretraining: Adapt Language Models to Domains and Tasks
Reference 22
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ab063b0b-68a7-47f3-b0e7-b307a8e73c23 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval : An overview of the japanese legal system
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 2479399c-f06c-4cd4-96af-2765af4d6946 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models
Reference 24
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eb5aefe5-c461-42f0-95a7-2d01e2b72985 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Shin , A
Reference 25
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 1dc0cfcf-1521-4784-9853-e5ef137f5e25 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Oguz , B
Reference 26
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dab43bd0-292d-42a8-a558-42894598d0fd · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Abrego , G.H
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 7e74bf8a-d2fa-4574-95fc-97717e05f647 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach
Reference 28
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 091899d9-3fcf-46ff-9817-58cc739708fc · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Liu , Z
Reference 29
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7c5ed5b6-19ed-4051-a9de-d15ea4750522 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval u ttler , H. , Lewis , M. , Yih , W.-t. , Rockt \
Reference 30
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d2ab04f5-c4e5-4621-9d09-e1f5630de7fd · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval NV-Embed: Improved Techniques for Training LLMs as Generalist Embedding Models
Reference 31
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6e87f22e-b2bd-4d0c-96b8-bef752546a1d · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Finin , T
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 0c1bb7c2-a83d-4c2a-9848-1c3c4ef95618 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Wang , L
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 8fdd6579-40fa-4a2b-b3d1-674d314055da · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Zaheer , M
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 27ebaa64-ea59-473a-ab66-26b0a060fef9 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Lin , J
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 8a486444-1e5a-4b14-97c9-f6e82c10127d · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval MS MARCO: A Human Generated MAchine Reading COmprehension Dataset
Reference 36
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 501f486d-f63e-4bc6-b3a6-ddd4a27467ff · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Multi-stage Information Retrieval for Vietnamese Legal Texts
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 992bf0b5-6589-4d0e-811c-9fda94076ded · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval RocketQA: An Optimized Training Approach to Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering
Reference 38
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6a882a99-4509-4127-8688-6fe400862f38 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks
Reference 39
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Observation d6a3ccb6-3a6b-46d1-8935-8d56b5724675 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Gurevych , I
Reference 40
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Observation 271c6e14-9312-4569-a760-db1f4efe7e64 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval PAIR: Leveraging Passage-Centric Similarity Relation for Improving Dense Passage Retrieval
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 4e5d1d41-aae1-4a95-b984-745183d0e649 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Shazeer , N
Reference 42
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Observation dac950d1-cb43-4d67-a229-eab307cac8a7 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Walker , S
Reference 43
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 6bd93df7-6455-4000-9047-59d9037eabde · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Walker , S
Reference 44
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2d1d6db3-f47b-4a7e-bcdf-a50cf2cb0914 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Zaragoza , H
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 6f0c9bc1-9799-4676-8f4d-92c412115be3 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval : Modern information retrieval
Reference 46
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 36692748-908c-4cdc-a4ca-51063a226e05 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval : Choice of law: an empirical analysis
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 9eec1ec8-8b78-4929-8767-af5fe4bb05b9 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Buckley , C
Reference 48
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation da3f9889-5399-4510-8174-a2d86a3e7eee · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Croft , W.B
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 49e6e92d-091a-4ab0-9196-e389a08e930f · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval REPLUG: Retrieval-Augmented Black-Box Language Models
Reference 50
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2681cb00-2c66-4891-ab08-fbb491f87cf8 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval PrimeQA: The Prime Repository for State-of-the-Art Multilingual Question Answering Research and Development
Reference 51
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Observation 7cbec519-ab29-495d-9842-2057ae8538b9 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Wong , A
Reference 52
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 3f6dc22a-f79d-4f14-b984-74856b32505f · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Yan , L
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation bf20ec01-2e3c-4182-ad3e-b729bd83d408 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Text Retrieval with Multi-Stage Re-Ranking Models
Reference 54
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4f6ed1bd-263e-446a-97f0-3f7663a6d6e5 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models
Reference 55
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 14b007c3-7969-4a6a-9493-5c0dd90100d5 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models
Reference 56
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 25d0ddcb-3897-40fc-9532-dc933b0fd17f · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval BEIR: A Heterogenous Benchmark for Zero-shot Evaluation of Information Retrieval Models
Reference 57
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cbea0e81-9b89-4e4d-ae05-fe9f2d6ed34f · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Tran , V
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 489fd123-cd63-402d-bba4-b35497901133 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Vlachos , A
Reference 59
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation be35565a-bf41-4b3f-844c-0b38dbae91af · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Cer , D
Reference 60
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Observation f7ee7b20-b571-40ad-b52d-7bc0bdf36fe5 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval Bridging the Gap Between Indexing and Retrieval for Differentiable Search Index with Query Generation
Reference 61
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9d5e1208-8df3-4876-8503-9bfa83191ec2 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , Zhu , W
Reference 62
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation d981fed7-cd10-426c-abfc-88d86577c114 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval , " * write output.state after.block = add.period write newline
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eea48639-73b0-4985-a708-80f6546aae2d · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval write newline
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9a1c3082-f39d-4f30-b003-ed80fd47948c · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval write newline
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b3942e1d-041e-4dc6-b00e-7316890e7732 · outbound
Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval write newline
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4a9f4770-f8a3-4a8d-8bfe-1b6c77828f73 · inbound
Optimizing Multi-Stage Language Models for Effective Text Retrieval Adaptive Two-Phase Finetuning LLMs for Japanese Legal Text Retrieval
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.