Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-23T07:05:52.610830Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora
As of 4 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 30 of 30 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.20760.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T11:21:56.342028Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
Reference resolution
30 of 30 outbound references displayed
- verified exact17
- verified fuzzy8
- unresolved2
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier1
- metadata mismatch2
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation 568eba03-a1d3-49e6-833c-25752633c68f · outbound
This paper cites Generalization v.s. Memorization: Tracing Language Models' Capabilities Back to Pretraining Data.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Generalization v.s. Memorization: Tracing Language Models' Capabilities Back to Pretraining Data
Reference 1
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.670904Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 6d7ff5ee-5ce8-49a4-b2a8-58380e18d171 · outbound
This paper cites Quantifying memorization across neural language models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Quantifying memorization across neural language models
Reference 2
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.968519Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 68e37456-3641-41d3-9cff-e35646209bff · outbound
This paper cites How Do Large Language Models Acquire Factual Knowledge During Pretraining?.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora How Do Large Language Models Acquire Factual Knowledge During Pretraining?
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.624454Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 18bdd963-4d0e-45ff-8785-8270fd55cfd7 · outbound
This paper cites Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale
Reference 4
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.659601Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 62376b7e-1aa7-456a-ac16-9ec6448c0cc1 · outbound
This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora The Llama 3 Herd of Models
Reference 5
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.648712Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 0c3ca232-ada9-4d51-9dfc-36b71ee57b25 · outbound
This paper cites Towards Measuring the Representation of Subjective Global Opinions in Language Models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Towards Measuring the Representation of Subjective Global Opinions in Language Models
Reference 6
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.643539Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 88193a48-bc2f-4f3e-8e9a-6b6aab26db38 · outbound
This paper cites Massively Multi-Cultural Knowledge Acquisition & LM Benchmarking.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Massively Multi-Cultural Knowledge Acquisition & LM Benchmarking
Reference 7
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.638918Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 956962b5-d3fb-412b-b10f-204cb7b5cc20 · outbound
This paper cites In: Zong, C., Xia, F., Li, W., Navigli, R.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora In: Zong, C., Xia, F., Li, W., Navigli, R
Reference 8
- Resolution
- malformed identifier
- doi_truncated, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:40.916739Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 7389925c-4414-48c4-92e7-f986a576aeca · outbound
This paper cites Culturally aware natural language inference.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Culturally aware natural language inference
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.972736Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 70125c57-844b-4c1c-91d4-b64d67c0cdf1 · outbound
This paper cites DLAMA: A Framework for Curating Culturally Diverse Facts for Probing the Knowledge of Pretrained Language Models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora DLAMA: A Framework for Curating Culturally Diverse Facts for Probing the Knowledge of Pretrained Language Models
Reference 10
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.676437Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 0f3df75b-2ea2-43f1-8d0f-e9695879f2f4 · outbound
This paper cites Indian-BhED: A Dataset for Measuring India-Centric Biases in Large Language Models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Indian-BhED: A Dataset for Measuring India-Centric Biases in Large Language Models
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.629114Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 7366dd62-b194-4f10-bc96-ec030292cf8a · outbound
This paper cites CultureLLM: Incorporating Cultural Differences into Large Language Models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora CultureLLM: Incorporating Cultural Differences into Large Language Models
Reference 12
- Resolution
- metadata mismatch
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.665417Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation f564f891-f5b8-48e2-bcc5-2db05818414a · outbound
This paper cites When Not to Trust Language Models: Investigating Effectiveness of Parametric and Non-Parametric Memories.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora When Not to Trust Language Models: Investigating Effectiveness of Parametric and Non-Parametric Memories
Reference 13
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.633652Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 5b754dcc-8dbc-4e5d-9db8-9a537818e986 · outbound
This paper cites Having Beer after Prayer? Measuring Cultural Bias in Large Language Models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Having Beer after Prayer? Measuring Cultural Bias in Large Language Models
Reference 14
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.654532Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 906c813f-d9ef-4d56-8bdd-eb1e3ffc84a0 · outbound
This paper cites Extracting cultural commonsense knowledge at scale.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Extracting cultural commonsense knowledge at scale
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.955784Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation a3156c7b-a1b4-4df6-880b-1bdb615fa800 · outbound
This paper cites URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/ 3543507.3583535.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/ 3543507.3583535
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:40.923213Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation cfc29c51-5d0b-4524-87a3-c50e98a0f0c1 · outbound
This paper cites Knowledge of cultural moral norms in large language models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Knowledge of cultural moral norms in large language models
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.594691Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation e68fad5f-28de-44e7-a39e-7c27700fbd13 · outbound
This paper cites Unintended Impacts of LLM Alignment on Global Representation.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Unintended Impacts of LLM Alignment on Global Representation
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.610410Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 633eac2c-f34c-4dbe-a5f3-6a7238505db6 · outbound
This paper cites Rethinking LLM Memorization through the Lens of Adversarial Compression.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Rethinking LLM Memorization through the Lens of Adversarial Compression
Reference 19
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.615322Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation e7d54102-7fb9-4a5c-9cd9-b232a6bfe938 · outbound
This paper cites doi: 10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.840.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora doi: 10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.840
Reference 20
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:40.926842Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 5591fe18-c6f8-4aa3-9085-1118fbb7a8bc · outbound
This paper cites Unlocking Memorization in Large Language Models with Dynamic Soft Prompting.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Unlocking Memorization in Large Language Models with Dynamic Soft Prompting
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.619704Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 36131f2f-12fd-4de4-a170-3748f1db4550 · outbound
This paper cites Knowledge Overshadowing Causes Amalgamated Hallucination in Large Language Models.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Knowledge Overshadowing Causes Amalgamated Hallucination in Large Language Models
Reference 22
- Resolution
- metadata mismatch
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.605214Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 029f7356-6bc2-4e3f-b1a4-1e46642234ea · outbound
This paper cites NormBank: A Knowledge Bank of Situational Social Norms.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora NormBank: A Knowledge Bank of Situational Social Norms
Reference 23
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T07:07:41.600259Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 2de06d32-5605-49b4-8c0c-25cb9259186b · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.947260Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation ce96438a-b414-4ad2-b588-adb9aaa60754 · outbound
This paper cites Finally, we extract the top five keywords from these topics using TF-IDF.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Finally, we extract the top five keywords from these topics using TF-IDF
Reference 25
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.964555Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 2463b739-f9c3-47bd-8526-6fac464a2716 · outbound
This paper cites We notice suprisingly similiar themes in the pre-training documents such as the discussion around ”religion” in documents where Hijab, Iran and any culture X co-occur.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora We notice suprisingly similiar themes in the pre-training documents such as the discussion around ”religion” in documents where Hijab, Iran and any culture X co-occur
Reference 26
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.960448Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 922176c5-bb87-4d87-8586-09445a535757 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.980652Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 4229182e-5ad2-4e5e-8cec-3c58914e2213 · outbound
This paper cites Indian” and Symbol: “Naan.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora Indian” and Symbol: “Naan
Reference 28
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.951059Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 0480240f-6a92-42eb-ac7e-0b3583a6cb7b · outbound
This paper cites To investigate this, we conduct a leave-one-culture- out experiment.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora To investigate this, we conduct a leave-one-culture- out experiment
Reference 29
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.943039Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Observation 6038f94b-7d2c-4478-98d8-b9e080d36c76 · outbound
This paper cites In Tables 10 and 11, we present the memorization and generalization statistics for food and clothing, respectively.
Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora In Tables 10 and 11, we present the memorization and generalization statistics for food and clothing, respectively
Reference 30
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-23T08:47:45.976718Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.
Pith citing papers
Observation 7073e39e-411f-4e20-b387-10edefffb19b · inbound
Camellia: Benchmarking Cultural Biases in LLMs for Asian Languages cites this paper.
Camellia: Benchmarking Cultural Biases in LLMs for Asian Languages Attributing Culture-Conditioned Generations to Pretraining Corpora
Reference 22
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T11:21:56.342028Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.