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Almost every Latin square has a decomposition into transversals

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arxiv 2501.05438 v1 pith:CUEC2JNQ submitted 2025-01-09 math.CO

classification math.CO
keywords decompositionlatinsquaretransversalscounterexamplesequivordertextrm
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abstract

In 1782, Euler conjectured that no Latin square of order $n\equiv 2\; \textrm{mod}\; 4$ has a decomposition into transversals. While confirmed for $n=6$ by Tarry in 1900, Bose, Parker, and Shrikhande constructed counterexamples in 1960 for each $n\equiv 2\; \textrm{mod}\; 4$ with $n\geq 10$. We show that, in fact, counterexamples are extremely common, by showing that if a Latin square of order $n$ is chosen uniformly at random then with high probability it has a decomposition into transversals.

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  1. Latin Squares whose transversals intersect in unusual ways

    math.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Latin squares of all even orders >= 28 except 30 are constructed so that every two transversals meet while no entry lies in all transversals (proved for orders up to 10,000); dominant transversals exist for all orders...

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