Pith. sign in

REVIEW 2 major objections 4 minor 1 cited by

Two-optical-cycle pulses from nanophotonic two-color soliton compression

T0 review · 2 major / 4 minor · reviewed 2026-08-10 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗ Review JSON

Pith's one-line read This paper experimentally demonstrates that a dispersion-engineered lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguide compresses 35-fs, 2.9-pJ input pulses at 2090 nm to 13-fs pulses—under two optical cycles—while simultaneously compressing the…

desk verdict Impressive nanophotonic soliton-compression work whose headline pulse width may not be fully constrained by the X-FROG measurement. read the letter →

arxiv 2501.15381 v2 pith:T3AY4346 submitted 2025-01-26 physics.optics

Robert M. Gray , Ryoto Sekine , Maximilian Shen , Thomas Zacharias , James Williams , Selina Zhou , Rahul Chawlani , Luis Ledezma
show 2 more authors
Nicolas Englebert Alireza Marandi
This is my paper · ORCID
classification physics.optics PACS 42.65.Re42.65.Ky
keywords two-colorsolitoncompressionquadraticnonlinearitylithiumniobatenanophotonicsfew-cyclepulsesdispersionengineeringsecond-harmonicgenerationpulsesingle-cyclesynthesis
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

The paper shows that few-cycle optical pulses can be produced on a nanophotonic chip rather than on a tabletop-scale system. It demonstrates compression of 35-fs pulses at 2090 nm to 13 fs, less than two optical cycles, in a dispersion-engineered lithium niobate waveguide using only about 3 pJ of pump energy, with the second harmonic simultaneously compressed to 16 fs at 1045 nm. The mechanism is two-color quadratic soliton compression: slightly phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation makes the fundamental and its second harmonic exchange energy back and forth, while engineered dispersion balances the nonlinear phase so the pair forms a co-propagating soliton. The significance is that single-cycle pulse synthesis, which normally demands bulky amplifiers and compressors, becomes plausible in integrated photonics.

What carries the argument

The load-bearing object is the bright-bright two-color quadratic soliton: a stationary pair of co-propagating pulses at $\omega$ and $2\omega$ that solves the coupled wave equations for slightly phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation. Its shape is approximated by $a_\omega(\xi)=a_{\omega,0}\,\operatorname{sech}(\xi/p)$ and $a_{2\omega}(\xi)=a_{2\omega,0}\,\operatorname{sech}^2(\xi/p)$, with the parameter $\alpha = \left|\beta_\omega^{(2)}/\beta_{2\omega}^{(2)}\right|(2+\Delta k/\beta)$ fixing the solution family. During propagation the fundamental and second harmonic repeatedly exchange energy, visible in the microscope image as bright and dark spots, while engineered dispersion balances the nonlinear phase, compressing both waves; because the soliton is a saddle point in amplitude, phase, and width, the device length must be chosen so the pulse is observed at the point of maximum compression. The paper connects this analytic solution to a fitted design rule $\zeta_{\mathrm{opt}} = 1.49 + 0.86\,(\mathrm{FWHM}_{\mathrm{in}}/\mathrm{FWHM}_{\mathrm{sol}})^{1.23}$, then realizes the required dispersion in a dispersion-engineered lithium niobate waveguide with $\beta_\omega^{(2)}=9.2\ \mathrm{fs^2/mm}$, $\beta_{2\omega}^{(2)}=141\ \mathrm{fs^2/mm}$, and a group-velocity mismatch of $27\ \mathrm{fs/mm}$.

What would settle it

The clearest falsifier is an independent measurement of the output pulse that does not rely on the same retrieval: if a second-harmonic FROG of the compressed pulse or an electro-optic field-resolved measurement returns a width significantly larger than 13 fs, the two-cycle claim fails. A less elaborate check is to re-measure the X-FROG with higher dynamic range so the central spectral gap is resolved; if the retrieved width changes materially, the reported 13 fs was an artifact of limited signal-to-noise. A third test is to verify the predicted scaling of output width and compression quality with input pulse energy and duration, which would confirm the two-color soliton mechanism rather than generic spectral broadening.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The paper's central claim is that quadratic two-color soliton compression, previously limited in bulk media by group-velocity walk-off, can be transferred to nanophotonics by dispersion engineering the fundamental and second-harmonic modes to have low walk-off and suitable group-velocity dispersion. Operating beyond the cascading limit, with a small phase mismatch of $\Delta k = -4\ \mathrm{rad/mm}$ and a soliton-shape parameter $\alpha=0.39$, lets both the fundamental and the generated second harmonic compress into a soliton-like pulse pair whose shapes match the analytic $\operatorname{sech}$/$\operatorname{sech}^2$ solution. The paper reports measured 13-fs and 16-fs output pulses from 35-fs, 2.9-pJ input pulses, with agreement to simulations, and argues that the fixed phase relation $2\phi_\omega-\phi_{2\omega}=0$ between the two colors allows on-chip single-cycle synthesis: simulated combination of the two compressed pulses yields 4-fs single-cycle waveforms, and synthesis from the measured pulses gives 5 fs.

Load-bearing premise

The headline 13-fs width rests on the cross-correlation FROG measurement faithfully reconstructing a very weak, ultra-broadband pulse, even though the measured trace has a gap in the middle from limited signal-to-noise and known discrepancies from higher-order modes and filter bandwidth.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • Few-cycle pulses near 2 µm can be generated at sub-nanojoule energies on a chip, removing the tabletop-scale amplifiers and compressors normally required.
  • Both colors are compressed simultaneously with a well-defined relative phase, so the output is naturally a two-color waveform rather than a single-color pulse.
  • Working beyond the cascading limit makes the second harmonic carry substantial power, so the compressor doubles as a frequency converter to 1045 nm while shortening the pulse.
  • With a CEP-stabilized input and an electro-optic phase shifter, the two compressed pulses can be combined into simulated 4-fs single-cycle waveforms; using the measured 13-fs and 16-fs pulses gives a 5-fs synthesized pulse.
  • The mechanism extends to longer input pulses, which means it can be pumped by integrated mode-locked sources rather than only by bulk oscillators.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Beyond the paper, the same dispersion-engineering logic should transfer to other pump wavelengths: because the soliton family is fixed by the parameter $\alpha$, a waveguide designed for a different $\omega$ with the same $\alpha$ and walk-off should reproduce the compression at that wavelength.
  • If the two-color pulses can be made CEP-stable and phase-tunable on chip, the demonstrated 13-fs and 16-fs pair could serve as a compact source for field-resolved spectroscopy or high-harmonic generation once pump energies reach the 100-pJ level the paper estimates for 10-kW peak powers.
  • A direct experimental check the paper does not report is measurement of the output pulse with a second independent technique, for example electro-optic sampling or a different FROG geometry, which would separate the two-cycle claim from retrieval ambiguity.
  • The compression-quality and peak-power scaling curves suggest the scheme should tolerate the pulse variations typical of integrated mode-locked lasers, an operating regime the paper notes but does not experimentally demonstrate.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

2 major / 4 minor

Summary. The manuscript reports a theory-and-experiment study of two-color soliton pulse compression in dispersion-engineered, periodically poled lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguides. The authors derive approximate analytic bright-bright soliton solutions for phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation, establish scaling laws, and fit a design heuristic (Eq. 3). They design a 6.5-mm waveguide with β_ω^(2) = 9.2 fs²/mm, β_2ω^(2) = 141 fs²/mm, GVM = 27 fs/mm, and Δk = −4 rad/mm. Simulations predict compression of a 35-fs, 2.9-pJ input at 2090 nm to ~7-fs pulses at both the fundamental and second harmonic. Experimentally, the input is characterized by SHG FROG and the output by X-FROG with a 103-fs gate; the retrieved fundamental pulse has a 13-fs FWHM (claimed as less than two optical cycles at 2090 nm) and the retrieved second-harmonic pulse has a 16-fs FWHM. The paper also proposes a nanophotonic architecture for single-cycle synthesis by controlling the relative phase of the two harmonics.

Significance. If the 13-fs X-FROG retrieval is reliable, the result is significant: it demonstrates sub-two-cycle pulse compression in an integrated nanophotonic platform at roughly 3-pJ input energy, with the analytic soliton theory involving no fitted experimental constants. The low FROG errors, the agreement of the retrieved spectrum with the independent OSA measurement, and the qualitative match of simulations to the observed back-and-forth conversion (Fig. 1b) and the ~175-fs walk-off lobe are genuine strengths. The scaling laws and design heuristic provide a useful practical toolbox. The central risk is that the headline two-cycle claim rests on a phase retrieval that is under-constrained by the long X-FROG gate, so the quantitative experimental conclusion is the least secure part of an otherwise sound theoretical/numerical framework.

major comments (2)
  1. [Methods — Experimental Procedure; Results — Experimental Results (Fig. 4d–g)] The central claim of a 13-fs fundamental pulse (less than two optical cycles at 2090 nm) is not phase-constrained by the X-FROG measurement as presented. With a 103-fs gate pulse and a retrieved 13-fs signal, the gate envelope is nearly constant over the signal support, so the trace is approximately I(ω,τ) ≈ |A_g(−τ)|²|S(ω)|² and the signal spectral phase drops out. A FROG error of 0.0046 therefore does not establish uniqueness of the phase, and the OSA comparison in Fig. 4g validates only the spectral amplitude. The acknowledged discontinuity in the center of the FROG spectrum further degrades the constraint in the spectral region most relevant to the two-cycle threshold (13.9 fs at 2090 nm). I request a retrieval-ambiguity test on synthetic X-FROG traces with a 103-fs gate and a known 13-fs pulse, or an independent phase-sensitive measurement, or a correspondingly qualified statement of the pulse duration.
  2. [Results — Experimental Results; Figs. 3b and 4e] The claimed 'good agreement with theoretical predictions' is not quantitatively supported. The simulation predicts a 7-fs fundamental output, while the measurement retrieves 13 fs, a factor-of-two discrepancy. The text attributes this to input chirp, higher-order dispersion, and measurement limitations, but no simulation is shown that includes the measured input chirp from Fig. 4c or the higher-order dispersion parameters referenced in Supplementary Section 2.6 to verify that these effects bring the predicted width to 13 fs. Since one and two cycles at 2090 nm correspond to roughly 7.0 and 13.9 fs, this discrepancy is directly relevant to the interpretation. I request a quantitative simulation using the retrieved input field and the waveguide's higher-order dispersion, with the resulting fundamental FWHM reported and compared with the X-FROG retrieval.
minor comments (4)
  1. [Methods — Numerical Simulation, Eq. (4)] The loss terms in Eq. (4) appear dimensionally inconsistent: they should read −α_ω A_ω/2 and −α_2ω A_2ω/2, rather than −α_ω/2 and −α_2ω/2, which lack the field factor.
  2. [Eq. (3) and Results — Device Design] Please report the range of FWHM_in/FWHM_sol over which the fit in Eq. (3) was performed, together with the fit residual or uncertainty, since this heuristic is used to select the 6.5-mm device length.
  3. [Title and Abstract] The phrase 'two-optical-cycle pulses' should be explicitly qualified as referring to the fundamental field; the measured 16-fs second-harmonic pulse at 1045 nm corresponds to roughly 4.6 optical cycles.
  4. [Results — Towards Single-Cycle Synthesis, Fig. 5e] The 'expected waveform from synthesis of experimentally measured pulses' assumes a specific relative phase between the measured fundamental and second-harmonic fields; because the X-FROG retrieval does not constrain that phase, this waveform should be labeled as a simulation with an assumed phase.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No significant circularity: the theoretical predictions, simulations, and experimental comparison are self-contained, with only a design heuristic fitted to simulation data that does not bias the measured pulse width.

full rationale

The paper's central derivation chain is not circular. The analytic soliton solution (Eqs. 1-2) is taken from prior external literature [42-45], and its use to estimate compressed pulse profiles is an application of published results, not a self-citation. The numerical simulations solve the coupled wave equations (Eq. 4) with independently specified device parameters (GVD, GVM, phase mismatch, input energy), and the simulation output is compared to the experimental result rather than being fitted to it. The design heuristic Eq. 3 is fitted to simulation data for the optimum compression length, but this fit does not feed back into the measured FWHM; the experiment is an independent test of the design. Self-citations such as refs. [21] and [38] are used for fabrication procedure or contextual prior work, not as load-bearing evidence for the two-cycle compression claim. The X-FROG measurement limitations noted by the referee (103 fs gate, spectral discontinuity, low SNR) are a legitimate concern about measurement reliability and phase constraint, but they concern the validity of the experimental reconstruction, not circularity of the derivation. No equation is defined in terms of the claimed result, and no fitted parameter is renamed as a prediction. Therefore the circularity score is 0.

Assumptions & free parameters 3 free parameters · 4 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The paper relies on established models (coupled-wave, quadratic solitons) and on simulated device parameters that are not independently verified in the main text. The only free parameters are the three coefficients of the design heuristic fitted to simulations. No new entities are introduced.

free parameters (3)
  • Eq. 3 intercept = 1.49
    Fitted to simulated compression data for alpha >= 1 to predict optimum waveguide length.
  • Eq. 3 pre-factor = 0.86
    Fitted to simulated alpha >= 1 data; multiplies the FWHM ratio to the 1.23 power.
  • Eq. 3 exponent = 1.23
    Fitted to simulated alpha >= 1 data; determines how optimum length scales with input width.
assumptions (4)
  • domain assumption The coupled wave equations (Eq. 4) accurately describe the spatiotemporal dynamics in the waveguide.
    Used in all simulations; assumes single-mode, slowly varying envelopes, and neglects higher-order dispersion (included only in supplementary).
  • domain assumption The approximate soliton solution (Eqs. 1-2) from Sukhorukov is valid for the design parameters (alpha=0.39).
    Used to predict output pulse shapes and to set the device length; alpha=0.39 is within the regime where the approximation is stated to hold.
  • domain assumption The designed waveguide has the simulated GVD, GVM, and phase mismatch values.
    If the actual dispersion differs, the soliton compression would not occur as designed; the authors do not independently measure these parameters in the main text.
  • domain assumption The FROG retrieval is unique for the measured low-SNR, ultra-broadband pulses.
    The paper reports a central spectral discontinuity from limited SNR and acknowledges measurement limitations; a non-unique retrieval would affect the 13 fs width.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Two-optical-cycle pulses from nanophotonic two-color soliton compression." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/T3AY4346

@misc{pith2026250115381,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Two-optical-cycle pulses from nanophotonic two-color soliton compression},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/T3AY4346}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2501.15381}
}
abstract

Few- and single-cycle optical pulses and their associated ultra-broadband spectra have been crucial in the progress of ultrafast science and technology. Moreover, multi-color waveforms composed of independently manipulable ultrashort pulses in distinct spectral bands offer unique advantages in pulse synthesis and attosecond science. However, the generation and control of ultrashort pulses has required bulky and expensive optical systems at the tabletop scale and has so far been beyond the reach of integrated photonics. Here, we break these limitations and demonstrate two-optical-cycle pulse compression using quadratic two-color soliton dynamics in lithium niobate nanophotonics. By leveraging dispersion engineering and operation near phase matching, we achieve extreme compression, energy-efficient operation, and strong conversion of pump to the second harmonic. We experimentally demonstrate generation of $\sim$13-fs pulses at 2 $\mu$m using only $\sim$3 pJ of input energy. We further illustrate how the demonstrated scheme can be readily extended to on-chip single-cycle pulse synthesis with sub-cycle control. Our results provide a path towards realization of single-cycle ultrafast systems in nanophotonic circuits.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2501.15381 by the authors.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Two-color soliton pulse compression in nanophotonics. a, A pulse at the fundamen￾tal frequency (ω) is used to pump the dispersion-engineered nanophotonic waveguide designed for phase-mismatched second-harmonic (2ω) generation. Co-propagating compressed pulses at the fundamental and second harmonic are achieved through the two-color soliton compression. b, Microscope image of the measured waveguide, showing back-and-… view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Scaling behaviors of two-color soliton pulse compression. a, Soliton solutions of the fundamental wave for varying α. b, Corresponding soliton solutions for the second harmonic. c, Optimum ζ for achieving compression. A fit is given by the dashed black line. d-f, Scaling behaviors for varying α of the d, fundamental FWHM, e, compression quality, and f, fundamental peak power ratio at ζopt. FWHM, full-width at half-m… view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Simulation of designed single-cycle pulse compressor. a, Input, b, output funda￾mental, and c, output second-harmonic pulses. d, Corresponding input, e, output fundamental, and f, output second-harmonic spectra. Dashed, tan lines show the pulse profiles predicted from soliton theory. With these parameters, and considering our transform-limited input pulse width of 35 fs as well as a phase mismatch of ∆k = -4 rad/mm,… view at source ↗
Figures from the paper (2 more)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Experimental quadratic soliton compression. a, Measured and retrieved SHG FROG traces of fundamental input pulse. b, Input pulse temporal profile and c, spectrum. d, Measured and retrieved X-FROG traces of compressor output. e, Output temporal profile and f, spectrum f…
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: Towards integrated single-cycle pulse synthesizers. a, Proposed nanophotonic cir￾cuit architecture for single-cycle pulse synthesis. b, Simulated waveforms that may be achieved through manipulation of the input envelope phase, ∆ϕω. c, Simulated synthesized single-cycle…

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Fully stabilized Er fiber comb at 1 GHz by harmonic modelocking

    physics.optics 2025-06 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A harmonically modelocked erbium fiber laser with a free-space subcavity achieves a fully stabilized 1 GHz frequency comb with performance comparable to conventional fiber combs.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

56 extracted references · 52 canonical work pages · cited by 1 Pith paper

  1. [1]

    High-energy pulse synthesis with sub-cycle waveform control for strong-field physics

    Shu-Wei Huang et al. “High-energy pulse synthesis with sub-cycle waveform control for strong-field physics”. In: Nature photonics 5.8 (2011), pp. 475–479

    work page 2011

  2. [2]

    Synthesized light transients

    Adrian Wirth et al. “Synthesized light transients”. In: Science 334.6053 (2011), pp. 195– 200

    work page 2011

  3. [3]

    Generation and multi-octave shaping of mid-infrared intense single- cycle pulses

    Peter Krogen et al. “Generation and multi-octave shaping of mid-infrared intense single- cycle pulses”. In: Nature Photonics 11.4 (Apr. 2017), pp. 222–226. ISSN : 1749-4893. DOI: 10 . 1038 / nphoton . 2017 . 34. URL: https : / / doi . org / 10 . 1038 / nphoton.2017.34

    work page 2017

  4. [4]

    Laser Femtochemistry

    Ahmed H. Zewail. “Laser Femtochemistry”. In: Science 242.4886 (1988), pp. 1645–

    work page 1988

  5. [5]

    Attosecond physics

    Ferenc Krausz and Misha Ivanov. “Attosecond physics”. In: Reviews of modern physics 81.1 (2009), pp. 163–234

    work page 2009

  6. [6]

    Advances in attosecond science

    Francesca Calegari et al. “Advances in attosecond science”. In: Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 49.6 (2016), p. 062001

    work page 2016

  7. [7]

    Attosecond spectroscopy in condensed matter

    A. L. Cavalieri et al. “Attosecond spectroscopy in condensed matter”. In: Nature 449.7165 (Oct. 2007), pp. 1029–1032. ISSN : 1476-4687. DOI: 10.1038/nature06229 . URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06229

    work page doi:10.1038/nature06229 2007

  8. [8]

    Attosecond electron motion control in dielectric

    Dandan Hui et al. “Attosecond electron motion control in dielectric”. In: Nature Photon- ics 16.1 (Jan. 2022), pp. 33–37. ISSN : 1749-4893. DOI: 10 . 1038 / s41566 - 021 - 00918-4. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-021-00918-4. 19

    work page doi:10.1038/s41566-021-00918-4 2022

Show all 56 references
  1. [9]

    Field-resolved infrared spectroscopy of biological systems

    Ioachim Pupeza et al. “Field-resolved infrared spectroscopy of biological systems”. In: Nature 577.7788 (Jan. 2020), pp. 52–59. ISSN : 1476-4687. DOI: 10.1038/s41586- 019-1850-7. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1850-7

    2020 doi

  2. [10]

    Subcycle quantum electrodynamics

    Claudius Riek et al. “Subcycle quantum electrodynamics”. In: Nature 541.7637 (2017), pp. 376–379

    2017

  3. [11]

    Single-Cycle Nonlinear Optics

    E. Goulielmakis et al. “Single-Cycle Nonlinear Optics”. In: Science 320.5883 (June 2008), pp. 1614–1617. DOI: 10.1126/science.1157846. URL: https://doi. org/10.1126/science.1157846

    2008 doi

  4. [12]

    M. Wegener. Extreme Nonlinear Optics: An Introduction . Advanced Texts in Physics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. ISBN : 9783540266884. URL: https : / / books . google.com/books?id=pZI0erZXgdcC

    2006

  5. [13]

    High-harmonic generation from solids

    Shambhu Ghimire and David A. Reis. “High-harmonic generation from solids”. In: Na- ture Physics 15.1 (Jan. 2019), pp. 10–16. ISSN : 1745-2481. DOI: 10.1038/s41567- 018-0315-5. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0315-5

    2019 doi

  6. [14]

    High harmonic generation in condensed matter

    Eleftherios Goulielmakis and Thomas Brabec. “High harmonic generation in condensed matter”. In: Nature Photonics 16.6 (2022), pp. 411–421

    2022

  7. [15]

    Divergence and efficiency optimization in polarization- controlled two-color high-harmonic generation

    Sylvianne DC Roscam Abbing et al. “Divergence and efficiency optimization in polarization- controlled two-color high-harmonic generation”. In:Scientific Reports 11.1 (2021), p. 24253

    2021

  8. [16]

    Linking high harmonics from gases and solids

    G Vampa et al. “Linking high harmonics from gases and solids”. In: Nature 522.7557 (2015), pp. 462–464

    2015

  9. [17]

    Control of soft X-ray high harmonic spectrum by using two- color laser pulses

    Cheng Jin and CD Lin. “Control of soft X-ray high harmonic spectrum by using two- color laser pulses”. In: Photonics Research 6.5 (2018), pp. 434–442

    2018

  10. [18]

    Analytic description of high-order harmonic generation by atoms in a two-color laser field

    MV Frolov et al. “Analytic description of high-order harmonic generation by atoms in a two-color laser field”. In: Physical Review A—Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics 81.6 (2010), p. 063407

    2010

  11. [19]

    Topological dissipation in a time-multiplexed photonic res- onator network

    Christian Leefmans et al. “Topological dissipation in a time-multiplexed photonic res- onator network”. In: Nature Physics 18.4 (2022), pp. 442–449

    2022

  12. [20]

    Single-channel 10.2 Tbit/s (2.56 Tbaud) optical Nyquist pulse transmission over 300 km

    Toshihiko Hirooka et al. “Single-channel 10.2 Tbit/s (2.56 Tbaud) optical Nyquist pulse transmission over 300 km”. In: Optics Express 26.21 (2018), pp. 27221–27236

    2018

  13. [21]

    Large-scale time-multiplexed nanophotonic parametric oscilla- tors

    Robert M Gray et al. “Large-scale time-multiplexed nanophotonic parametric oscilla- tors”. In: arXiv preprint arXiv:2405.17355 (2024)

    2024 arXiv

  14. [22]

    All-optical computing with beyond 100-GHz clock rates

    Gordon HY Li et al. “All-optical computing with beyond 100-GHz clock rates”. In: arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.05756 (2025). 20

    2025 arXiv

  15. [23]

    Coherent pulse synthesis: towards sub-cycle optical waveforms

    Cristian Manzoni et al. “Coherent pulse synthesis: towards sub-cycle optical waveforms”. In: Laser & Photonics Reviews 9.2 (2015), pp. 129–171. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10 . 1002 / lpor . 201400181. eprint: https : / / onlinelibrary . wiley . com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lpor.201400181. U...

    2015 doi

  16. [24]

    Experimental observation of picosecond pulse narrowing and solitons in optical fibers

    Linn F Mollenauer, Roger H Stolen, and James P Gordon. “Experimental observation of picosecond pulse narrowing and solitons in optical fibers”. In: Physical review letters 45.13 (1980), p. 1095

    1980

  17. [25]

    Supercontinuum generation in pho- tonic crystal fiber

    John M Dudley, Go ¨ery Genty, and St´ephane Coen. “Supercontinuum generation in pho- tonic crystal fiber”. In: Reviews of modern physics 78.4 (2006), pp. 1135–1184

    2006

  18. [26]

    Temporal solitons and pulse compression in photonic crystal waveg- uides

    Pierre Colman et al. “Temporal solitons and pulse compression in photonic crystal waveg- uides”. In: Nature Photonics 4.12 (2010), pp. 862–868

    2010

  19. [27]

    Observation of soliton compression in silicon photonic crys- tals

    A Blanco-Redondo et al. “Observation of soliton compression in silicon photonic crys- tals”. In: Nature communications 5.1 (2014), p. 3160

    2014

  20. [28]

    Soliton-effect optical pulse compression in CMOS-compatible ultra- silicon-rich nitride waveguides

    Ju Won Choi et al. “Soliton-effect optical pulse compression in CMOS-compatible ultra- silicon-rich nitride waveguides”. In: APL Photonics 4.11 (2019)

    2019

  21. [29]

    Soliton-effect compression of picosecond pulses on a photonic chip

    Richard Oliver et al. “Soliton-effect compression of picosecond pulses on a photonic chip”. In: Optics Letters 46.18 (2021), pp. 4706–4709

    2021

  22. [30]

    Ultrafast and octave-spanning optical nonlinearities from strongly phase- mismatched quadratic interactions

    BB Zhou et al. “Ultrafast and octave-spanning optical nonlinearities from strongly phase- mismatched quadratic interactions”. In: Physical review letters 109.4 (2012), p. 043902

    2012

  23. [31]

    Few-cycle solitons and supercontinuum generation with cascaded quadratic nonlinearities in unpoled lithium niobate ridge waveguides

    Hairun Guo et al. “Few-cycle solitons and supercontinuum generation with cascaded quadratic nonlinearities in unpoled lithium niobate ridge waveguides”. In:Optics Letters 39.5 (2014), pp. 1105–1108

    2014

  24. [32]

    Scaling laws for soliton pulse compression by cascaded quadratic nonlinearities

    Morten Bache, J Moses, and FW Wise. “Scaling laws for soliton pulse compression by cascaded quadratic nonlinearities”. In: JOSA B 24.10 (2007), pp. 2752–2762

    2007

  25. [33]

    Solitary waves due to χ (2): χ (2) cascad- ing

    CR Menyuk, Roland Schiek, and L Torner. “Solitary waves due to χ (2): χ (2) cascad- ing”. In: JOSA B 11.12 (1994), pp. 2434–2443

    1994

  26. [34]

    Nonlocal explanation of stationary and nonstationary regimes in cascaded soliton pulse compression

    Morten Bache et al. “Nonlocal explanation of stationary and nonstationary regimes in cascaded soliton pulse compression”. In: Optics Letters 32.17 (2007), pp. 2490–2492

    2007

  27. [35]

    Two-color pulse compression in aperiodically-poled lithium nio- bate

    Xianglong Zeng et al. “Two-color pulse compression in aperiodically-poled lithium nio- bate”. In: Optics communications 281.17 (2008), pp. 4499–4503

    2008

  28. [36]

    Limits to compression with cascaded quadratic soliton compres- sors

    Morten Bache et al. “Limits to compression with cascaded quadratic soliton compres- sors”. In: Optics Express 16.5 (2008), pp. 3273–3287

    2008

  29. [37]

    Dispersion-engineered nanophoton- ics: a flexible tool for nonclassical light

    Marc Jankowski, Jatadhari Mishra, and MM Fejer. “Dispersion-engineered nanophoton- ics: a flexible tool for nonclassical light”. In: Journal of Physics: Photonics 3.4 (2021), p. 042005. 21

    2021

  30. [38]

    Intense optical parametric amplification in dispersion-engineered nanophotonic lithium niobate waveguides

    Luis Ledezma et al. “Intense optical parametric amplification in dispersion-engineered nanophotonic lithium niobate waveguides”. In: Optica 9.3 (2022), pp. 303–308

    2022

  31. [39]

    Supercontinuum Generation in Quasi-Phasematched Waveguides

    C. R. Phillips et al. “Supercontinuum Generation in Quasi-Phasematched Waveguides”. In: Optics Express 19.20 (Sept. 2011), pp. 18754–18773. ISSN : 1094-4087. DOI: 10 . 1364/OE.19.018754. (Visited on 02/18/2019)

    2011

  32. [40]

    Supercontinuum generation by saturated second-order nonlinear interactions

    Marc Jankowski et al. “Supercontinuum generation by saturated second-order nonlinear interactions”. In: APL Photonics 8.11 (2023)

    2023

  33. [41]

    SCG Involving Second-Order Nonlinearity

    Yang Yue et al. “SCG Involving Second-Order Nonlinearity”. In: Integrated Optical Su- percontinuum Generation: Physics, Advances, and Applications. Springer, 2024, pp. 141– 160

    2024

  34. [42]

    Simultaneous solitary-wave solutions in a non- linear parametric waveguide

    H He, MJ Werner, and PD Drummond. “Simultaneous solitary-wave solutions in a non- linear parametric waveguide”. In: Physical Review E 54.1 (1996), p. 896

    1996

  35. [43]

    Approximate solutions and scaling transformations for quadratic solitons

    Andrey A Sukhorukov. “Approximate solutions and scaling transformations for quadratic solitons”. In: Physical Review E 61.4 (2000), p. 4530

    2000

  36. [44]

    Spatial optical solitons governed by quadratic nonlinearity

    Alexander V Buryak and Yuri S Kivshar. “Spatial optical solitons governed by quadratic nonlinearity”. In: Optics letters 19.20 (1994), pp. 1612–1614

    1994

  37. [45]

    Nonlinear interaction of diffracted light beams in a medium with quadratic nonlinearity: mutual focusing of beams and limitation on the efficiency of optical frequency converters

    Yu N Karamzin and AP Sukhorukov. “Nonlinear interaction of diffracted light beams in a medium with quadratic nonlinearity: mutual focusing of beams and limitation on the efficiency of optical frequency converters”. In: JETP Lett 20.11 (1974), pp. 339–343

    1974

  38. [46]

    Ultrafast mode-locked laser in nanophotonic lithium niobate

    Qiushi Guo et al. “Ultrafast mode-locked laser in nanophotonic lithium niobate”. In: Science 382.6671 (2023), pp. 708–713

    2023

  39. [47]

    Integrated femtosecond pulse generator on thin-film lithium niobate

    Mengjie Yu et al. “Integrated femtosecond pulse generator on thin-film lithium niobate”. In: Nature 612.7939 (2022), pp. 252–258

    2022

  40. [48]

    Carrier-envelope phase control using linear electro-optic effect

    O Gobert et al. “Carrier-envelope phase control using linear electro-optic effect”. In: Optics express 19.6 (2011), pp. 5410–5418

    2011

  41. [49]

    Robert W. Boyd. Nonlinear Optics. 3rd ed. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Academic Press, 2008

    2008

  42. [50]

    Frequency-resolved optical gating: the measurement of ultrashort laser pulses

    Rick Trebino. Frequency-resolved optical gating: the measurement of ultrashort laser pulses. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012

    2012

  43. [51]

    Real-time measurement of ultrashort laser pulses using principal com- ponent generalized projections

    Daniel J Kane. “Real-time measurement of ultrashort laser pulses using principal com- ponent generalized projections”. In: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Elec- tronics 4.2 (1998), pp. 278–284

    1998

  44. [52]

    Recent progress toward real-time measurement of ultrashort laser pulses

    Daniel J Kane. “Recent progress toward real-time measurement of ultrashort laser pulses”. In: IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 35.4 (1999), pp. 421–431

    1999

  45. [53]

    Practical issues in ultrashort- laser-pulse measurement using frequency-resolved optical gating

    Kenneth W Delong, David N Fittinghoff, and Rick Trebino. “Practical issues in ultrashort- laser-pulse measurement using frequency-resolved optical gating”. In: IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 32.7 (1996), pp. 1253–1264. 22

    1996

  46. [54]

    Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG)

    Steven Byrnes. Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG). June 6, 2023. URL: https: //www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/34986-frequency- resolved-optical-gating-frog

    2023

  47. [55]

    Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG)

    Adam Wyatt. Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG). June 6, 2023. URL: https: //www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/16235-frequency- resolved-optical-gating-frog . Acknowledgments The device nanofabrication was performed at the Kavli Nanoscience Institute (KNI) at C...

    2023

  48. [1653]

    1126 / science

    DOI: 10 . 1126 / science . 242 . 4886 . 1645. URL: https : / / www . science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.242.4886.1645

Pith tools

Reviewed August 10, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.