Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning

As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 39 of 39 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2502.06917.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2502.06917 v1

Coverage vector

measured 39 of 39 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.408506Z

measured 41 of 41 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:29.928203Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:30.871762Z

Reference resolution

39 of 39 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy33
unresolved6
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 8617697a-d082-4c35-a16b-bf7d339940e4 · outbound

This paper cites Advances and open problems in federated learning.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Advances and open problems in federated learning

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.898432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 2ab72b8a-6c86-41ce-bc7d-d1cb7b833a11 · outbound

This paper cites What is the blockchain? Computing in Science & Engineering, 19(5):92–95, 2017.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning What is the blockchain? Computing in Science & Engineering, 19(5):92–95, 2017

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.889219Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 6ea80a1a-65c9-4fa6-ab8f-e63b2eeffe52 · outbound

This paper cites Federated learning meets blockchain in edge computing: Opportunities and challenges.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Federated learning meets blockchain in edge computing: Opportunities and challenges

Reference 3

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 0273ceec-c126-4c7a-80e3-4f1a46906252 · outbound

This paper cites Trustworthy federated learning via blockchain.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Trustworthy federated learning via blockchain

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.874280Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 1251c63e-7d93-4e5c-a0d9-37a3953f5ef1 · outbound

This paper cites An accurate, scalable and verifiable protocol for federated differentially private averaging.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning An accurate, scalable and verifiable protocol for federated differentially private averaging

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.865595Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation cc6fdd5e-1afa-43fb-a925-fa3dda442a4c · outbound

This paper cites Survey on federated learning threats: Concepts, taxonomy on attacks and defences, experimental study and challenges.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Survey on federated learning threats: Concepts, taxonomy on attacks and defences, experimental study and challenges

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.855403Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 98018bed-a2ca-4036-850c-9e318005a492 · outbound

This paper cites Attack of the tails: Yes, you really can backdoor federated learning.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Attack of the tails: Yes, you really can backdoor federated learning

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.846875Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 0f3c200d-7d7c-4d55-be35-008a93bb620b · outbound

This paper cites Tran, My T.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Tran, My T

Reference 8

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation a69d6d64-abf0-413e-9036-22eda8239a36 · outbound

This paper cites Proof of federated learning: A novel energy-recycling consensus algorithm.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Proof of federated learning: A novel energy-recycling consensus algorithm

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.829682Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 5467e545-1435-4ee5-9ee5-156f4936ced9 · outbound

This paper cites How to backdoor federated learning.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning How to backdoor federated learning

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.821035Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d56d25d4-3bad-45fe-8494-e387cee35519 · outbound

This paper cites Machine learning with adversaries: byzantine tolerant gradient descent.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Machine learning with adversaries: byzantine tolerant gradient descent

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.812611Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 9e66bb79-45e8-4800-aea8-46ec27ef8a78 · outbound

This paper cites Emnist: Extending mnist to handwritten letters.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Emnist: Extending mnist to handwritten letters

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.803545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 81f77023-3cae-4bac-8f77-8ffa3555dd67 · outbound

This paper cites Fashion-MNIST: a Novel Image Dataset for Benchmarking Machine Learning Algorithms.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Fashion-MNIST: a Novel Image Dataset for Benchmarking Machine Learning Algorithms

Reference 13

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 0861efc4-6caf-498b-915f-6a19884b891e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.794512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 981b6234-9736-4508-b616-56989cb3a099 · outbound

This paper cites Local model poisoning attacks to Byzantine-Robust federated learning.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Local model poisoning attacks to Byzantine-Robust federated learning

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.669382Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation e507fbe5-cec7-4127-aea8-c238abdfad7f · outbound

This paper cites Byzantine-robust distributed learning: Towards optimal statistical rates.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Byzantine-robust distributed learning: Towards optimal statistical rates

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.660807Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 60a6b830-f26b-48cc-9e55-a8e9b56fd9a6 · outbound

This paper cites Federated Learning.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Federated Learning

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.652344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation eaf94cc4-9955-47fc-8c76-5aeac633d980 · outbound

This paper cites Victoria Luzón, Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso, Alberto Argente-Garrido, Daniel Jiménez-López, Jose M.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Victoria Luzón, Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso, Alberto Argente-Garrido, Daniel Jiménez-López, Jose M

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.643605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d863ff73-c8e0-4500-8bf8-7889f87881f5 · outbound

This paper cites Blochie: A blockchain-based platform for healthcare information exchange.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Blochie: A blockchain-based platform for healthcare information exchange

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.635058Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 915e82e1-412c-48ca-992b-29780800ece1 · outbound

This paper cites Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.625806Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation c7ddb0fd-4c13-44ac-8058-c4783104fea6 · outbound

This paper cites Thomas Hou.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Thomas Hou

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.617141Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation ab8d7a91-9d1b-4657-88fa-e3e945e306f7 · outbound

This paper cites Proof-of-stake consensus mechanisms for future blockchain networks: fundamentals, applications and opportuni- ties.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Proof-of-stake consensus mechanisms for future blockchain networks: fundamentals, applications and opportuni- ties

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.608269Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation bdd4a4d5-240f-45ba-8fb6-9dcad94c58ee · outbound

This paper cites Targeted adversarial attacks on wind power forecasts.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Targeted adversarial attacks on wind power forecasts

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.598873Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 8bd137bd-d880-4f9a-aaa0-d337d319298b · outbound

This paper cites Victoria Luzón, Francisco Herrera, and Eugenio Martínez- Cámara.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Victoria Luzón, Francisco Herrera, and Eugenio Martínez- Cámara

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.589337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 8769c722-a21e-44b6-bd8d-4ea76c33c121 · outbound

This paper cites Backdoor attacks and defenses in federated learning: State-of-the-art, taxonomy, and future directions.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Backdoor attacks and defenses in federated learning: State-of-the-art, taxonomy, and future directions

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.580906Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation c2b4cb72-eaea-4085-860a-4dafbaae2ce8 · outbound

This paper cites Blind backdoors in deep learning models.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Blind backdoors in deep learning models

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.571376Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 526cda91-2f1a-4b86-9718-568850a1647c · outbound

This paper cites Blockchain-empowered federated learning for healthcare metaverses: User- centric incentive mechanism with optimal data freshness.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Blockchain-empowered federated learning for healthcare metaverses: User- centric incentive mechanism with optimal data freshness

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.561537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation f0661cc6-260e-4468-b956-0f7cb544c157 · outbound

This paper cites Nguyen, Ming Ding, Quoc-Viet Pham, Pubudu N.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Nguyen, Ming Ding, Quoc-Viet Pham, Pubudu N

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.552139Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation daa5c682-840e-4d82-a1a8-0860184f5a58 · outbound

This paper cites Blockchain-empowered federated learning: Challenges, solutions, and future directions.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Blockchain-empowered federated learning: Challenges, solutions, and future directions

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.542948Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation fcb3fc1f-c10f-401b-b59e-e0f52d4b043d · outbound

This paper cites Blockchain and federated learning for privacy-preserved data sharing in industrial iot.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 16(6):4177–4186, 2020.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Blockchain and federated learning for privacy-preserved data sharing in industrial iot.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 16(6):4177–4186, 2020

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.533823Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 22d95f2d-67d2-45e0-b5c8-fd9da06667aa · outbound

This paper cites Blockchain-federated-learning and deep learning models for covid-19 detection using ct imaging.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Blockchain-federated-learning and deep learning models for covid-19 detection using ct imaging

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.523299Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 9e85f5b3-0654-49a0-a964-c629e93e0c26 · outbound

This paper cites Federated learning with blockchain for autonomous vehicles: Analysis and design challenges.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Federated learning with blockchain for autonomous vehicles: Analysis and design challenges

Reference 32

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Observation fdc781df-1ed9-4abb-ab85-8ade09786e78 · outbound

This paper cites Bitcoin emissions alone could push global warming above 2 c.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Bitcoin emissions alone could push global warming above 2 c

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.507985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c98a0381-9599-4203-8f3d-63de34dae8e8 · outbound

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Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation e9df4880-874a-49c1-b40e-03282125752c · outbound

This paper cites Gradient surgery for multi-task learning.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Gradient surgery for multi-task learning

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.486563Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation e30125f0-25cd-4030-8e65-24618600db68 · outbound

This paper cites Communication- Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Communication- Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.474983Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d86dab08-c804-4f14-8ecd-cace3acf3723 · outbound

This paper cites EfficientNet: Rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning EfficientNet: Rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.402509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation cb5a0fb3-a42f-4c49-bdbc-f1fe86b262e2 · outbound

This paper cites Herrera, D.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Herrera, D

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.459093Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation e7fa9227-91a6-45ee-9c45-4e1b4caf2c47 · outbound

This paper cites Blockchain- enabled federated learning: A survey.

Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning Blockchain- enabled federated learning: A survey

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-08T15:09:12.449044Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 3e424fb3-f2e5-4fa9-8634-a594d5434c84 · inbound

Secure and Private Federated Learning: Achieving Adversarial Resilience through Robust Aggregation cites this paper.

Secure and Private Federated Learning: Achieving Adversarial Resilience through Robust Aggregation Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning

Reference 5

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:30.948417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation 52afce48-8341-425f-a9ae-b13ba66ef11b · inbound

Byzantine Accountability Without Consensus: Strong Eventual Consistency for Non-Associative, Stochastic, Robust Aggregation cites this paper.

Byzantine Accountability Without Consensus: Strong Eventual Consistency for Non-Associative, Stochastic, Robust Aggregation Krum Federated Chain (KFC): Using blockchain to defend against adversarial attacks in Federated Learning

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T12:46:51.615514Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.