Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 35 of 35 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2504.18608.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2504.18608 v1

Coverage vector

measured 35 of 35 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.816065Z

measured 35 of 35 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

35 of 35 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy29
unresolved6
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 4535fb3b-4a5b-4a17-b00c-3444544b3cdd · outbound

This paper cites Arrhythmia classification using cgan-augmented ecg signals, in: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM), IEEE.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Arrhythmia classification using cgan-augmented ecg signals, in: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM), IEEE

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.187187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ca39cd3a-8c39-4aa6-800d-1a7017abf6fb · outbound

This paper cites ˙I., Choi, C., 2024.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning ˙I., Choi, C., 2024

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.177108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3e3f0cf7-bad4-44d9-a8d4-48dea97c689b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.167624Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 9055cded-6011-42c0-a52d-bbb0f2220865 · outbound

This paper cites Wavelet dis- tance measure for person identification using electrocardiograms.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Wavelet dis- tance measure for person identification using electrocardiograms

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.157711Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 8f0ec354-11d5-47e1-bd95-a3bb1d7c0b7f · outbound

This paper cites Adversarial reciprocal points learning for open set recognition.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Adversarial reciprocal points learning for open set recognition

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.146624Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation a851b025-0612-4b82-a17c-235ffd998a2c · outbound

This paper cites Reducing network agnosto- phobia.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Reducing network agnosto- phobia

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.136512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ad309c0f-d284-4abe-a9d4-2f3e44895916 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.126985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation b8c510f5-8f3d-463b-8020-bbc6f6bb418f · outbound

This paper cites A survey on vision transformer.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning A survey on vision transformer

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.106938Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation fc04cdb4-bcba-48ee-8c00-bfbbe128b6ee · outbound

This paper cites Geometrical aspects of the interindividual variability of multilead ecg recordings.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Geometrical aspects of the interindividual variability of multilead ecg recordings

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.097033Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation fe6553cc-fba8-45da-96a2-0792cb92cb4b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.087569Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation dcd4dbd9-312a-423d-ac1c-be9af931051c · outbound

This paper cites eigenpulse: Robust human identification from cardiovascular function.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning eigenpulse: Robust human identification from cardiovascular function

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.078010Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ddb33337-fd24-4737-88cd-6d263863767e · outbound

This paper cites Reading Your Heart: Learning ECG Words and Sentences via Pre-training ECG Language Model.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Reading Your Heart: Learning ECG Words and Sentences via Pre-training ECG Language Model

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.746406Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2a166963-2cdd-4342-bca2-a42e619f3589 · outbound

This paper cites Medcpt: Contrastive pre-trained transformers with large- scale pubmed search logs for zero-shot biomedical information retrieval.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Medcpt: Contrastive pre-trained transformers with large- scale pubmed search logs for zero-shot biomedical information retrieval

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.068012Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation a8836290-58ee-42d7-a6d1-2310680c796f · outbound

This paper cites A method for stochastic optimiza- tion, in: International conference on learning representations (ICLR), San Diego, California.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning A method for stochastic optimiza- tion, in: International conference on learning representations (ICLR), San Diego, California

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.057942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3305d2aa-8d78-4599-bf4c-c28080065778 · outbound

This paper cites Resnet 50, in: Convolutional neural networks with swift for tensorflow: image recognition and dataset categorization.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Resnet 50, in: Convolutional neural networks with swift for tensorflow: image recognition and dataset categorization

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.047463Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 011ff6da-e3fe-4d0c-aa8a-c8efd1d5dabe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.037430Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ebacdb00-ba54-49df-a1dd-ceb704c6710d · outbound

This paper cites Efficient fiducial point detection of ecg qrs complex based on polygonal approximation.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Efficient fiducial point detection of ecg qrs complex based on polygonal approximation

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.028007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation ebea3990-f3b7-4a36-a55e-5752e508bac9 · outbound

This paper cites Zero-Shot ECG Classification with Multimodal Learning and Test-time Clinical Knowledge Enhancement.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Zero-Shot ECG Classification with Multimodal Learning and Test-time Clinical Knowledge Enhancement

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.765887Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 67b41766-897d-4ad1-8658-5df1ffff6039 · outbound

This paper cites Biometric human identification based on electro- cardiogram.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Biometric human identification based on electro- cardiogram

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.017268Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 59afdf98-adce-406c-9ce1-14b22124916d · outbound

This paper cites The impact of the mit-bih arrhythmia database.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning The impact of the mit-bih arrhythmia database

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.007311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 9a9a2094-e375-4f55-80ed-2259a86b4219 · outbound

This paper cites Bio- metric recognition: A systematic review on electrocardiogram data acqui- sition methods.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Bio- metric recognition: A systematic review on electrocardiogram data acqui- sition methods

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.997347Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 169a4534-a1e9-4621-9d4c-0f98fa462aec · outbound

This paper cites Ecg biometric recogni- tion without fiducial detection, in: 2006 Biometrics symposium: Special session on research at the biometric consortium conference, IEEE.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Ecg biometric recogni- tion without fiducial detection, in: 2006 Biometrics symposium: Special session on research at the biometric consortium conference, IEEE

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.986036Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 3e3e780c-64b3-48a6-9af9-ee1f1a4aedfc · outbound

This paper cites Ecg biometric analysis in differ- ent physiological recording conditions.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Ecg biometric analysis in differ- ent physiological recording conditions

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.975530Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 882de953-4dcc-4013-ac98-b239c6f987bb · outbound

This paper cites Arrhythmia classifier based on ultra-lightweight binary neural network, in: 2023 15th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intel- ligence (ECAI), IEEE.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Arrhythmia classifier based on ultra-lightweight binary neural network, in: 2023 15th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intel- ligence (ECAI), IEEE

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.965413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation d4944be8-b1eb-4d4e-965c-e337e0f5e8b2 · outbound

This paper cites Ecgmamba: Towards ecg classification with state space models, in: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM), IEEE.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Ecgmamba: Towards ecg classification with state space models, in: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM), IEEE

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.954971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 92fb73a7-8682-4032-a614-696245e088ec · outbound

This paper cites Autonomic aging–a dataset to quantify changes of cardiovascular autonomic function during healthy aging.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Autonomic aging–a dataset to quantify changes of cardiovascular autonomic function during healthy aging

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.945271Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation c9147854-fcec-4932-b883-3fd06d6fd406 · outbound

This paper cites Deep learning applications in ecg analysis and disease detection: An investiga- tion study of recent advances.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Deep learning applications in ecg analysis and disease detection: An investiga- tion study of recent advances

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.935625Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 427b3e1a-f0ee-44f9-8f5e-61973d783acd · outbound

This paper cites A comprehensive survey on ecg signals as new biometric modality for human authentication: Recent ad- vances and future challenges.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning A comprehensive survey on ecg signals as new biometric modality for human authentication: Recent ad- vances and future challenges

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.925985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation d618c126-ed40-410b-8d89-0ffc577e46b5 · outbound

This paper cites Ecg biometric authentication using self-supervised learning for iot edge sensors.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Ecg biometric authentication using self-supervised learning for iot edge sensors

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.916502Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation e3661010-0ac1-4826-a874-8d106061f801 · outbound

This paper cites Analysis of human electrocardiogram for biometric recognition.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Analysis of human electrocardiogram for biometric recognition

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.906133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 700b1554-51ad-4afc-884d-9fdbcb0629a3 · outbound

This paper cites Ecg biometric recogni- tion: unlinkability, irreversibility, and security.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Ecg biometric recogni- tion: unlinkability, irreversibility, and security

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.895907Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 44b1da50-3a79-4a6a-b235-d590cd966954 · outbound

This paper cites A scalable open-set ecg identification system based on compressed cnns.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning A scalable open-set ecg identification system based on compressed cnns

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.885532Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 6a41880a-7af7-4440-a525-f94156dfa2ed · outbound

This paper cites Robust classifica- tion with convolutional prototype learning, in: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Robust classifica- tion with convolutional prototype learning, in: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.875586Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation 7d073cc1-dde5-4ce9-8866-a3b50f35595d · outbound

This paper cites Open-world electrocardiogram classification via domain knowledge- driven contrastive learning.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Open-world electrocardiogram classification via domain knowledge- driven contrastive learning

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:07.865516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Observation c1edebf3-c0ef-4ad8-8aae-1c285e2671c0 · outbound

This paper cites Type: dataset 6, 13–14.

ECG Identity Authentication in Open-set with Multi-model Pretraining and Self-constraint Center & Irrelevant Sample Repulsion Learning Type: dataset 6, 13–14

Reference 2023

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T10:26:08.117304Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.