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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 48 of 48 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2504.20450.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2504.20450 v2

Coverage vector

measured 48 of 48 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T05:33:34.899184Z

measured 51 of 51 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 3 of 3 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T12:40:47.983415Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

48 of 48 outbound references displayed

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  • verified fuzzy0
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External citation measurements

1
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation f30a3a4b-7ccf-4664-93ca-f47287c6003c · outbound

This paper cites M., Withers, A.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited M., Withers, A

Reference 1

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Observation f404d567-11fe-4d45-b2ea-3786f45feb44 · outbound

This paper cites JWST Reveals CH$_4$, CO$_2$, and H$_2$O in a Metal-rich Miscible Atmosphere on a Two-Earth-Radius Exoplanet.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited JWST Reveals CH$_4$, CO$_2$, and H$_2$O in a Metal-rich Miscible Atmosphere on a Two-Earth-Radius Exoplanet

Reference 2

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Observation cf785b1a-ba86-4b3f-a405-e32eb2d9ee9b · outbound

This paper cites C., Jennings, E.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited C., Jennings, E

Reference 3

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Observation 153dd5d3-6fa5-4528-94f5-122f13539acf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:33.836216Z digest=sha256:1345baf6b4ea176c3bfb5fcebac252a13463c3f6cfad01a7492ce8fd812b311d

Observation 80190021-0e29-4619-a7bd-b7f7935e4e77 · outbound

This paper cites 2023, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 674, A224, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202245763.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2023, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 674, A224, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202245763

Reference 5

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Observation 2b4fa0a1-59f3-46dd-a9d4-cb7e7b3d3548 · outbound

This paper cites Kernel-based parameter estimation of dynamical systems with unknown observation functions.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited Kernel-based parameter estimation of dynamical systems with unknown observation functions

Reference 6

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Observation ca938149-3bda-46e7-a0fb-24b84fae78da · outbound

This paper cites 2025, Evidence for sulfur chemistry in the atmosphere of the warm sub-Neptune TOI-270 d, arXiv, doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2504.13039.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2025, Evidence for sulfur chemistry in the atmosphere of the warm sub-Neptune TOI-270 d, arXiv, doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2504.13039

Reference 7

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Observation 6b7cf727-7490-49da-aa8d-6117ae8c74f0 · outbound

This paper cites A., Cottrell, E., Hauri, E., Lee, K.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited A., Cottrell, E., Hauri, E., Lee, K

Reference 8

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Observation aa42a202-8b8d-4512-b3a8-9344373a348c · outbound

This paper cites E., & Sari, R.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited E., & Sari, R

Reference 9

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Observation 67eb8223-dcfe-4f83-9c39-a455fe9b56e4 · outbound

This paper cites S., Dasgupta, R., Sun, C., Tsuno, K., & Costin, G.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited S., Dasgupta, R., Sun, C., Tsuno, K., & Costin, G

Reference 10

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Observation c8f08313-14fc-4c33-ac91-abbf09c236db · outbound

This paper cites L., Malik, M., Kitzmann, D., et al.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited L., Malik, M., Kitzmann, D., et al

Reference 11

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Observation e235c849-f1b6-44a7-8f6f-35aaad515c84 · outbound

This paper cites B., et al.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited B., et al

Reference 12

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Observation e39ad2ea-cc5f-419c-aab2-a7435ec7dbbe · outbound

This paper cites 2004, Geophysical Research Letters, 31, doi: 10.1029/2003GL019380.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2004, Geophysical Research Letters, 31, doi: 10.1029/2003GL019380

Reference 13

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Observation 3aad3d3d-ee44-40a3-acd5-a9b2042e4940 · outbound

This paper cites 2024, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 683, L2, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202348238.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2024, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 683, L2, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202348238

Reference 14

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Observation 2d9295ae-938a-4889-905e-3e129640da11 · outbound

This paper cites Monosilane Worlds: Sub-Neptunes with Atmospheres Shaped by Reduced Magma Oceans.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited Monosilane Worlds: Sub-Neptunes with Atmospheres Shaped by Reduced Magma Oceans

Reference 15

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Observation 9c76ec18-b7f8-4003-a548-791e09b2b7a9 · outbound

This paper cites S., Jr, B.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited S., Jr, B

Reference 16

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Observation 10cbce5d-17f0-4cb5-bfa6-edceb5f8aabf · outbound

This paper cites S., & Schaefer, L.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited S., & Schaefer, L

Reference 17

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Observation 594f165b-534f-4198-b803-c0db6009de09 · outbound

This paper cites R., Bean, J.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited R., Bean, J

Reference 18

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Observation 64d0dc18-85f6-4724-ac5d-9d6a9dca7f09 · outbound

This paper cites J., & Chiang, E.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited J., & Chiang, E

Reference 19

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Observation 8e49d69f-9751-438c-8876-31220c869715 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

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Observation f35a941c-bf1c-4b2d-a82a-ae7b2b81db3d · outbound

This paper cites R., Knutson, H., Wolf, A.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited R., Knutson, H., Wolf, A

Reference 21

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Observation 6a5ea06d-cf54-4d30-8da7-deed8325bced · outbound

This paper cites D., & Fortney, J.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited D., & Fortney, J

Reference 22

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Observation 542b34e8-7f38-4823-8c63-26774aca104e · outbound

This paper cites A., & Kennedy, G.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited A., & Kennedy, G

Reference 23

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Observation 6646f7a5-6a74-42e0-92f6-678ff00edac8 · outbound

This paper cites 2023, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 956, L13, doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/acf577.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2023, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 956, L13, doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/acf577

Reference 24

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Observation a7a1d94a-cdfc-4529-ad1b-4e0aa3ee02cf · outbound

This paper cites B., et al.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited B., et al

Reference 25

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Observation bd898d8b-fdb3-4551-a54d-3daf19e8e83f · outbound

This paper cites M., et al.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited M., et al

Reference 26

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Observation 466fb66a-dc0f-4630-88ef-19885a12f7ad · outbound

This paper cites M., et al.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited M., et al

Reference 27

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Observation 67a6e1ef-8d42-4fb8-9d51-c40ca9fabb8c · outbound

This paper cites 2014a, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 570, A36, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201423431 —.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2014a, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 570, A36, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201423431 —

Reference 28

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Observation 5b7bbd56-f2d6-4b5e-bc70-ce2e75ab81a5 · outbound

This paper cites E., & Young, E.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited E., & Young, E

Reference 29

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.220138Z digest=sha256:7203f51c2f2bba1d887e05636f1e889b44e60f363bc665bbf25ab41222bfa8ce

Observation db9c533f-adbc-44d2-a53f-75553c9e3f2a · outbound

This paper cites 2016, The Astrophysical Journal, 832, 41, doi: 10.3847/0004-637X/832/1/41.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2016, The Astrophysical Journal, 832, 41, doi: 10.3847/0004-637X/832/1/41

Reference 30

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Observation 4b8de96a-005f-403b-8800-d32da99d7f72 · outbound

This paper cites I., et al.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited I., et al

Reference 31

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Observation ab0cbbdf-b55e-41d5-b993-af69de01c209 · outbound

This paper cites 2025, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 983, L12, doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/adc134.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2025, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 983, L12, doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/adc134

Reference 32

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Observation c2332147-371d-4b8e-87cc-29948ce05199 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.287887Z digest=sha256:d507f9ed9e554ea13083d345e707737e5494da9c9f8724be2c115d992aabbece

Observation d0f268fe-f3a8-4509-af1a-70c7838cdd93 · outbound

This paper cites E., & Young, E.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited E., & Young, E

Reference 34

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.355796Z digest=sha256:5289ace9b05c27f40d62eb931ca94883748e3bf01d4273eeb6fed24ece6e5f84

Observation ca534531-023c-4e3e-8bfd-926e2ec5ba36 · outbound

This paper cites A Comprehensive Reanalysis of K2-18 b's JWST NIRISS+NIRSpec Transmission Spectrum.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited A Comprehensive Reanalysis of K2-18 b's JWST NIRISS+NIRSpec Transmission Spectrum

Reference 35

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.480119Z digest=sha256:7daa2d7f6857a0a713837bc990a93f965d2a0472a233407ec9107e6badd09cc8

Observation 60b05a6d-d452-442c-9423-b8c0b56dbd99 · outbound

This paper cites 2024, The Astrophysical Journal, 975, 14, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad7461.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2024, The Astrophysical Journal, 975, 14, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad7461

Reference 36

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.490337Z digest=sha256:4713dd02c64e6369cbcb2619c79a2ed6a6109e7d2f660fe60320c975a9014e26

Observation 3017a15e-f410-43b5-91fa-e28decdb1ec2 · outbound

This paper cites 2005, Science, 310, 297, doi: 10.1126/science.1116952.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2005, Science, 310, 297, doi: 10.1126/science.1116952

Reference 37

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.495515Z digest=sha256:add191e2b546d4125589da30e17875c9c70386aeb454e2e4a4516bc055c57839

Observation 9c844d3d-a9bc-4fc0-a9e7-3ea4ac8e4241 · outbound

This paper cites W., Kitzmann, D., Patzer, A.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited W., Kitzmann, D., Patzer, A

Reference 38

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.500117Z digest=sha256:2ee97b17d2d507d424dbd24f0b35e71cb9bca7a93d1190749b20c2cde1f52ac4

Observation c27458fa-8322-48f4-bde3-9125669a2323 · outbound

This paper cites 2013, Icarus, 225, 432, doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.04.003.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2013, Icarus, 225, 432, doi: 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.04.003

Reference 39

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.505556Z digest=sha256:46b39b5567b009b11b1ba181a09fa62c9885ac7924ad6dfc81d035d5549f50aa

Observation bac43513-6bf6-4fa8-9b5e-65545a7d4d2b · outbound

This paper cites 2021, Nature Communications, 12, 2588, doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22035-0.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2021, Nature Communications, 12, 2588, doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22035-0

Reference 40

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.510787Z digest=sha256:593bed634301315311ef8d8e2b0b86b4fafec60ff52fd0b56edb0b2017a029fe

Observation 775d8424-a67e-4feb-8c09-115f6f6a225e · outbound

This paper cites 2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Supplement, 73, A1321.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Supplement, 73, A1321

Reference 41

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.521871Z digest=sha256:ebb4c7938cc2bee1b7731ad61a55179d4c1545f43d6e7c12864e187b9e099f5e

Observation de0da5be-2b71-4f7f-9d6c-1e6d4b4f5b6b · outbound

This paper cites 2014, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 562, A27, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201322208.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2014, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 562, A27, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201322208

Reference 42

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.601105Z digest=sha256:09705351296cd74ac5a60f644334041394c749d7500f419a7ec0b6dbf46ecc6b

Observation 7d5465ec-e40f-4060-9604-2967630116c7 · outbound

This paper cites 2015, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 574, A138, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201424868.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2015, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 574, A138, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201424868

Reference 43

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.657358Z digest=sha256:e69af893c2c3939fedce5bf98a6c05f1427c721f07915acc6545a42976fc57d6

Observation efe942c1-539b-42f3-b348-17e22ffb61b6 · outbound

This paper cites 2024, The Astrophysical Journal, 963, 157, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad217c.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2024, The Astrophysical Journal, 963, 157, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad217c

Reference 44

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.737433Z digest=sha256:529294f1a4afffa1f66809db1c2788f7a1bd353ba7fae809dfbdd1d7e3ba56ae

Observation 163c2f68-4afd-49db-8eec-f2ae607006df · outbound

This paper cites R., Grosheintz, L., et al.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited R., Grosheintz, L., et al

Reference 45

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.784974Z digest=sha256:e6cd28e5b956fcf7235527decd097b13bc7bfded4f7321c1dcfa3a11f94450fd

Observation 4b57490c-03bc-4738-8ba5-1be956d172b0 · outbound

This paper cites 2021, The Astrophysical Journal, 923, 264, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac29bc.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited 2021, The Astrophysical Journal, 923, 264, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac29bc

Reference 46

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.879401Z digest=sha256:6d720d8e0b83048bd2c13922042727598d0c2777b51cf7147737851b5f135fcf

Observation f29dbb20-1718-4fc8-bb72-30c5f44aa2aa · outbound

This paper cites D., Shahar, A., & Schlichting, H.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited D., Shahar, A., & Schlichting, H

Reference 47

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.891989Z digest=sha256:6e4ea710b879bf0ab2b32d3e0198b296ea1c987250eebd7c1e7d8c36cb873f40

Observation 829febb8-fc29-470d-a669-24379118ea69 · outbound

This paper cites D., Stixrude, L., Rogers, J.

Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited D., Stixrude, L., Rogers, J

Reference 48

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:33:34.899184Z digest=sha256:d77419ca2f82f85f06176a34aa1c56e194a0f6079f255dc0e211205e59469480

Pith citing papers

Observation 281d4cc7-bb12-41b4-9d3e-d87635f7a676 · inbound

Planetary albedo is limited by the above-cloud atmosphere: Implications for sub-Neptune climate cites this paper.

Planetary albedo is limited by the above-cloud atmosphere: Implications for sub-Neptune climate Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited

Reference 53

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-16T12:40:47.983415Z digest=sha256:b9e1397852c2a6e3473aaf0ea3692e35208dd788824818ec3921ffea7ac73300

Observation 2983f79a-ac3b-43ef-9c5e-5d8cf04431d8 · inbound

A window for water-hydrogen demixing on warm metal-rich sub-Neptunes cites this paper.

A window for water-hydrogen demixing on warm metal-rich sub-Neptunes Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited

Reference 88

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arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T02:38:53.593970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-17T02:35:29.915772Z digest=sha256:8ab8351cdec75e84dd60fa51ccf11dc48525ab179a6a6df49b2dbf87a3855a65

Observation 203f4daf-2d97-428d-9025-5c06b594d969 · inbound

Exploring the Limits of Spectral Line Stacking in Spectral Line Data and Application Toward the Detection of Bulk $^{13}$C Enrichment of Aromatics in TMC-1 cites this paper.

Exploring the Limits of Spectral Line Stacking in Spectral Line Data and Application Toward the Detection of Bulk $^{13}$C Enrichment of Aromatics in TMC-1 Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited

Reference 108

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source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-01T08:27:01.903452Z digest=sha256:a84c40514085f73fd6b2388203f859dae89bf3e17afca18dc7025d78f3e4d702