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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 67 of 67 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2504.21047.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2504.21047 v1

Coverage vector

measured 67 of 67 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:37.529590Z

measured 67 of 67 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

67 of 67 outbound references displayed

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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 4d110ecf-2242-4105-9e6b-b208315bbc22 · outbound

This paper cites Love, Christopher J.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Love, Christopher J

Reference 1

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Observation 9d9e3e3b-4847-4fb9-bf21-ddf2ef912d38 · outbound

This paper cites Language in brains, minds, and machines.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Language in brains, minds, and machines

Reference 2

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Observation f3c0130b-74fc-43f3-a6d2-25488aa5f18c · outbound

This paper cites Catalyzing next-generation artificial intelligence through neuroai.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Catalyzing next-generation artificial intelligence through neuroai

Reference 3

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This paper cites A deep learning framework for neuroscience.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models A deep learning framework for neuroscience

Reference 4

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Observation 2f68d6b6-ab98-4dba-b41c-bce855bbbe8a · outbound

This paper cites How learning can guide evolution.Complex Systems, 1(3):495–502, 1987.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models How learning can guide evolution.Complex Systems, 1(3):495–502, 1987

Reference 5

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Observation bc4cc8da-6aeb-4394-98af-a7acd95ef290 · outbound

This paper cites A critique of pure learning and what artificial neural networks can learn from animal brains.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models A critique of pure learning and what artificial neural networks can learn from animal brains

Reference 6

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Observation da27f7a5-dd02-463a-8263-9d1fc5cb8ac0 · outbound

This paper cites Direct fit to nature: an evolutionary perspective on biological and artificial neural networks.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Direct fit to nature: an evolutionary perspective on biological and artificial neural networks

Reference 7

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Observation 88aea36e-2f99-4dac-a493-1c66489ba031 · outbound

This paper cites Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin

Reference 8

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Observation d9908253-d2c3-40de-829a-e9363bfe50ca · outbound

This paper cites What artificial neural networks can tell us about human language acquisition.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models What artificial neural networks can tell us about human language acquisition

Reference 9

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This paper cites Call for Papers -- The BabyLM Challenge: Sample-efficient pretraining on a developmentally plausible corpus.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Call for Papers -- The BabyLM Challenge: Sample-efficient pretraining on a developmentally plausible corpus

Reference 10

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Observation c72c09ff-d846-4c8d-a138-2ab5634dd399 · outbound

This paper cites Improving language understanding by generative pre-training.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Improving language understanding by generative pre-training

Reference 11

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Observation 3d9cf620-6544-48d9-94a9-d4912dce77a1 · outbound

This paper cites Llama v3: Next-generation foundation language model, 2023.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Llama v3: Next-generation foundation language model, 2023

Reference 12

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This paper cites Deepseek llm: Advancing deep information retrieval with large language models, 2023.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Deepseek llm: Advancing deep information retrieval with large language models, 2023

Reference 13

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This paper cites Scaling laws for neural language mod- els, 2020.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Scaling laws for neural language mod- els, 2020

Reference 14

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Observation c5264a8f-23a5-4f38-a242-0b978cead91c · outbound

This paper cites Incorporating context into language encoding models for fmri.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Incorporating context into language encoding models for fmri

Reference 15

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This paper cites Interpreting and improving natural-language processing (in machines) with natural language-processing (in the brain).

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Interpreting and improving natural-language processing (in machines) with natural language-processing (in the brain)

Reference 16

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

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Observation abcc7647-97a8-4e40-b0c9-acce367a1d11 · outbound

This paper cites Brains and algorithms partially converge in natural language processing.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Brains and algorithms partially converge in natural language processing

Reference 18

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This paper cites Shared computational principles for language processing in humans and deep language models.Nature neuroscience, 25(3):369–380, 2022.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Shared computational principles for language processing in humans and deep language models.Nature neuroscience, 25(3):369–380, 2022

Reference 19

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This paper cites Gptq: Accu- rate post-training quantization for generative pre-trained transformers, 2022.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Gptq: Accu- rate post-training quantization for generative pre-trained transformers, 2022

Reference 20

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This paper cites Movement pruning: Adaptive sparsity by fine-tuning.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Movement pruning: Adaptive sparsity by fine-tuning

Reference 21

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This paper cites Le, Geoffrey Hinton, and Jeff Dean.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Le, Geoffrey Hinton, and Jeff Dean

Reference 22

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models The lottery ticket hypothesis: Finding sparse, trainable neural networks

Reference 23

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Unmasking the lottery ticket hypothesis: What’s encoded in a winning ticket’s mask? In Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2023

Reference 24

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Lottery ticket adaptation: Mitigating destructive interference in llms,

Reference 25

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Lottery tickets in llms: Robustness to adversarial examples via binary masking

Reference 26

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Sparse winning tickets are data-efficient image recognizers

Reference 27

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Pruning neural networks without any data by iteratively conserving synaptic flow

Reference 28

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Deconstructing lottery tickets: Zeros, signs, and the supermask

Reference 29

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Observation 837cedff-ab58-4cdc-96ef-101ee91b6335 · outbound

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Complex com- putation from developmental priors

Reference 30

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Encoding innate ability through a genomic bottleneck

Reference 31

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Observation 6a0d292c-1290-40b0-8d0f-2d059dd7fb94 · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing Interpretability using Human Similarity Judgements to Prune Word Embeddings.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Enhancing Interpretability using Human Similarity Judgements to Prune Word Embeddings

Reference 32

Resolution
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Observation 81a7c370-8c94-416e-b6f1-4b2f2e023429 · outbound

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Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Pruning sparse features for cognitive modeling

Reference 33

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 8b7f8df6-4d05-4ea5-82be-ef36ae693424 · outbound

This paper cites American parenting of language-learning children: Persisting differences in family-child interactions observed in natural home environments.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models American parenting of language-learning children: Persisting differences in family-child interactions observed in natural home environments

Reference 34

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Observation ad1ad28f-c94c-4d7f-b403-02b818144886 · outbound

This paper cites The fineweb datasets: Decanting the web for the finest text data at scale.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models The fineweb datasets: Decanting the web for the finest text data at scale

Reference 35

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Observation 0baff369-1489-43e2-a941-bd67b0aeddc8 · outbound

This paper cites modded-nanogpt: Speedrunning the nanogpt baseline, 2024.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models modded-nanogpt: Speedrunning the nanogpt baseline, 2024

Reference 36

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Observation aed2d034-f9c5-4ff1-b6f5-37b5ceae8c62 · outbound

This paper cites Hellaswag: Can a machine really finish your sentence? In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 11867–11878.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Hellaswag: Can a machine really finish your sentence? In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 11867–11878

Reference 37

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Observation c07068fe-7f11-4a98-9164-6fb764ed2d39 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring massive multitask language understanding, 2021.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Measuring massive multitask language understanding, 2021

Reference 38

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Observation 3893c908-c4f7-4e8d-b696-046adee30bf2 · outbound

This paper cites On the Predictive Power of Neural Language Models for Human Real-Time Comprehension Behavior.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models On the Predictive Power of Neural Language Models for Human Real-Time Comprehension Behavior

Reference 39

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Observation e1643366-2c6a-4774-ab3f-fac6818b2efe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 3d433734-0b38-4c10-81cb-f6f6fd608e95 · outbound

This paper cites Word frequency and predictability dissociate in naturalistic reading.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Word frequency and predictability dissociate in naturalistic reading

Reference 41

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Observation 1b9d2d8a-c70c-47c7-a85e-51d704e6aa22 · outbound

This paper cites A probabilistic earley parser as a psycholinguistic model.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models A probabilistic earley parser as a psycholinguistic model

Reference 42

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 650d84ce-6ebf-4182-b207-73e219070ff1 · outbound

This paper cites The effect of word predictability on reading time is loga- rithmic.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models The effect of word predictability on reading time is loga- rithmic

Reference 43

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:38.455863Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation be048b5d-8b92-4f8b-92ca-6ce5087cada6 · outbound

This paper cites The natural stories corpus: a reading-time corpus of english texts containing rare syntactic constructions.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models The natural stories corpus: a reading-time corpus of english texts containing rare syntactic constructions

Reference 44

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:38.440629Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 7aaf19c9-8c2b-496b-aba6-69af289bd8f9 · outbound

This paper cites Instruction-tuning Aligns LLMs to the Human Brain.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Instruction-tuning Aligns LLMs to the Human Brain

Reference 45

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Observation bf37a86a-c9a9-4d48-a1b6-9d1c67a3cbb6 · outbound

This paper cites Brain-Like Language Processing via a Shallow Untrained Multihead Attention Network.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Brain-Like Language Processing via a Shallow Untrained Multihead Attention Network

Reference 46

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 553d5476-c038-4380-bef2-dcb384fba41d · outbound

This paper cites Transformer-Based Language Model Surprisal Predicts Human Reading Times Best with About Two Billion Training Tokens.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Transformer-Based Language Model Surprisal Predicts Human Reading Times Best with About Two Billion Training Tokens

Reference 47

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 1c02f142-52d3-4add-8f10-4658bd39ad2b · outbound

This paper cites Large GPT-like Models are Bad Babies: A Closer Look at the Relationship between Linguistic Competence and Psycholinguistic Measures.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Large GPT-like Models are Bad Babies: A Closer Look at the Relationship between Linguistic Competence and Psycholinguistic Measures

Reference 48

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Observation 2387bb5e-23d0-46cc-be17-ba414cad24d3 · outbound

This paper cites Frequency Explains the Inverse Correlation of Large Language Models' Size, Training Data Amount, and Surprisal's Fit to Reading Times.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Frequency Explains the Inverse Correlation of Large Language Models' Size, Training Data Amount, and Surprisal's Fit to Reading Times

Reference 49

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Observation 9493fcf3-225d-406b-9ab9-903ef787e29c · outbound

This paper cites Scaling in cognitive modelling: A multilingual approach to human reading times.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Scaling in cognitive modelling: A multilingual approach to human reading times

Reference 50

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:38.417594Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 41a9b749-1c28-482c-83b7-dbc864e9572f · outbound

This paper cites New method for fmri investigations of language: defining rois functionally in individual subjects.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models New method for fmri investigations of language: defining rois functionally in individual subjects

Reference 51

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:38.341021Z

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 7ae4d640-0dc5-4ba1-9b2f-a529a00305a8 · outbound

This paper cites Driving and suppressing the human lan- guage network using large language models.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Driving and suppressing the human lan- guage network using large language models

Reference 52

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 24434a2b-9c2e-4632-84d6-1302fafc7148 · outbound

This paper cites The LLM Language Network: A Neuroscientific Approach for Identifying Causally Task-Relevant Units.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models The LLM Language Network: A Neuroscientific Approach for Identifying Causally Task-Relevant Units

Reference 53

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Observation 486719cd-ea37-4c03-82ce-bd1aa03f9ef4 · outbound

This paper cites Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network

Reference 54

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Observation 03ec4639-98df-49e4-b019-4624cb7722ff · outbound

This paper cites Big self-supervised models are strong semi-supervised learners.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Big self-supervised models are strong semi-supervised learners

Reference 55

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:38.223962Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 1a0ec43a-297c-4ad1-90a0-8643f18e0011 · outbound

This paper cites PathNet: Evolution Channels Gradient Descent in Super Neural Networks.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models PathNet: Evolution Channels Gradient Descent in Super Neural Networks

Reference 56

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Observation 498fad79-88e2-48e2-9db9-13097181a067 · outbound

This paper cites Learning both weights and connections for efficient neural networks.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Learning both weights and connections for efficient neural networks

Reference 57

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation b2d65e16-965c-4e69-8242-ef900970e782 · outbound

This paper cites Synaptic density in human frontal cortex-developmental changes and effects of aging.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Synaptic density in human frontal cortex-developmental changes and effects of aging

Reference 58

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation d231055b-5c97-48a2-ae0b-bf09647f582e · outbound

This paper cites Natural evolution strategies.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Natural evolution strategies

Reference 59

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation 03864042-9046-44fe-95e7-fb2588e7a8bf · outbound

This paper cites Designing neural net- works through neuroevolution.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Designing neural net- works through neuroevolution

Reference 60

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

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Observation bc15e902-9dbb-420c-9e39-77a312046b0b · outbound

This paper cites Interpretability in the Wild: a Circuit for Indirect Object Identification in GPT-2 small.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Interpretability in the Wild: a Circuit for Indirect Object Identification in GPT-2 small

Reference 61

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Observation 4ebb35a6-a31e-44d0-9d47-822635009f21 · outbound

This paper cites Sparse Feature Circuits: Discovering and Editing Interpretable Causal Graphs in Language Models.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Sparse Feature Circuits: Discovering and Editing Interpretable Causal Graphs in Language Models

Reference 62

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:38:37.354373Z digest=sha256:3e0ff77507cbe23465d03ca500f7fe8b61263c8026a974854bb684920ad80a37

Observation 6006c113-686c-4909-a93f-494deca07ce9 · outbound

This paper cites Root mean square layer normalization, 2019.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Root mean square layer normalization, 2019

Reference 63

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:38.011109Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:38:37.426514Z digest=sha256:0c3f42f0737c2cdbf8be792370d5bd5d796897098efd908d172add635e3ac6c6

Observation 3b4fc5c3-6706-4a63-8a32-8f1bf7b9ab4a · outbound

This paper cites Roformer: Enhanced transformer with rotary position embedding.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Roformer: Enhanced transformer with rotary position embedding

Reference 64

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:37.998646Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:38:37.483685Z digest=sha256:a0b926533e52bde71265d65bd01b829ad96ec6c0689a80e228ebae07a4f7d169

Observation 5dac39b9-b80c-4afe-b805-c03c6a7d62cc · outbound

This paper cites Brain-score: Which artificial neural network for object recognition is most brain-like? BioRxiv, page 407007, 2018.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Brain-score: Which artificial neural network for object recognition is most brain-like? BioRxiv, page 407007, 2018

Reference 65

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:38:37.525087Z digest=sha256:a4ad5f90fd3f326fc3778334435bb2b8605784594af713fd6b18668b33d4e322

Observation c9f64ae1-0113-4155-9db2-5230a2147c63 · outbound

This paper cites Hosseini, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua B.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Hosseini, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua B

Reference 66

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T05:38:37.975310Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-16T05:38:37.529590Z digest=sha256:16e1908b397c60e8f7e0483ead5dc764e8cf7979b2122df3e4d667cc2e8d88b7

Observation 84dcf064-9ca6-4074-9e11-4dc7cc52825a · outbound

This paper cites Lottery Ticket Adaptation: Mitigating Destructive Interference in LLMs.

Model Connectomes: A Generational Approach to Data-Efficient Language Models Lottery Ticket Adaptation: Mitigating Destructive Interference in LLMs

Reference 2024

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.