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Codec-Based Deepfake Source Tracing via Neural Audio Codec Taxonomy

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arxiv 2505.12994 v3 pith:P546BPMR submitted 2025-05-19 cs.SD eess.AS

classification cs.SDeess.AS
keywords audiocodecfakeneuralcosgtracingcodec-baseddeepfakesource
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Recent advances in neural audio codec-based speech generation (CoSG) models have produced remarkably realistic audio deepfakes. We refer to deepfake speech generated by CoSG systems as codec-based deepfake, or CodecFake. Although existing anti-spoofing research on CodecFake predominantly focuses on verifying the authenticity of audio samples, almost no attention was given to tracing the CoSG used in generating these deepfakes. In CodecFake generation, processes such as speech-to-unit encoding, discrete unit modeling, and unit-to-speech decoding are fundamentally based on neural audio codecs. Motivated by this, we introduce source tracing for CodecFake via neural audio codec taxonomy, which dissects neural audio codecs to trace CoSG. Our experimental results on the CodecFake+ dataset provide promising initial evidence for the feasibility of CodecFake source tracing while also highlighting several challenges that warrant further investigation.

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  1. Towards Generalized Source Tracing for Codec-Based Deepfake Speech

    cs.SD 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    SASTNet, which fuses Whisper semantic features with Wav2Vec2 and AudioMAE acoustic features, improves source tracing for codec-based deepfake speech on CodecFake+, while exposing that prior models overfit to silence.

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