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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 111 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.15741.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.15741 v1

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 111 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T15:14:14.298535Z

measured 102 of 102 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T20:10:12.500053Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T05:31:07.459176Z

Reference resolution

100 of 111 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact8
  • verified fuzzy29
  • unresolved63
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation c444dd27-3ffd-4326-bf2d-1dc5084c08ba · outbound

This paper cites Do Large Language Models Know What They Don't Know?.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Do Large Language Models Know What They Don't Know?

Reference 1

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.269508Z digest=sha256:2c8b436967b629b85ac9b56c7463ed639136506a86cfebe6edf95cfb90e13134

Observation 806a859a-dfd2-4ebc-ad25-3f784416886b · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Large Language Models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications A Survey of Large Language Models

Reference 2

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.327014Z digest=sha256:f38a41712caf1903e07d244a0ea91ad4db3c76c898c42c0561ce4ad247a31153

Observation 053ec20d-5715-4b53-a45b-c82abd252caf · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary algorithms.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evolutionary algorithms

Reference 3

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.464701Z digest=sha256:5be2672cd808f55f6d28e7b07f1f8de3b33072814aca8579f5227b36b5b8b95a

Observation ed8700a9-2b6b-47a9-8d22-30c04bb4e79b · outbound

This paper cites A comprehensive survey on artificial electric field algorithm: theories and applications.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications A comprehensive survey on artificial electric field algorithm: theories and applications

Reference 4

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.533971Z digest=sha256:c7f66b3a4b48629a2ef94f5d7e534e43b0da4f4a9e141c5f71c72405007c589d

Observation 54ef6157-b41f-4606-8dcd-8dbdebff6fd9 · outbound

This paper cites Deep Insights into Automated Optimization with Large Language Models and Evolutionary Algorithms.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Deep Insights into Automated Optimization with Large Language Models and Evolutionary Algorithms

Reference 5

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.609281Z digest=sha256:e10061dc169133c0d20577279f469703bb7bc6ea6860f567f3e11681640deb6c

Observation 086bc0cd-1693-4e27-b5eb-2c1dae016eac · outbound

This paper cites Using llm for automatic evolvement of metaheuristics from swarm algorithm soma.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Using llm for automatic evolvement of metaheuristics from swarm algorithm soma

Reference 6

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.706352Z digest=sha256:a512c550d803bd35374a9eb49d114e7ca9b0f293e268611763c2ec87ff2cd44b

Observation 4b066a00-d1fa-423a-b30f-66b0710f06b6 · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary computation in the era of large language model: Survey and roadmap.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evolutionary computation in the era of large language model: Survey and roadmap

Reference 7

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.792569Z digest=sha256:e066f23612b5c114f3b39c9828eac610b4856737374f57d93aa5e66b527ed69b

Observation 0b5cad6a-6a96-49d7-85dd-a9ea33c6c406 · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary optimization of model merging recipes.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evolutionary optimization of model merging recipes

Reference 8

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.890501Z digest=sha256:e74304f9febc6d3b19d2cfe1ec7d1c3699767defe73581772c5ec3c70086fc52

Observation 24c848f8-6a93-4f8c-9e53-b1b331243d2a · outbound

This paper cites Large language models as evolutionary optimizers.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Large language models as evolutionary optimizers

Reference 9

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:05.965995Z digest=sha256:fc3823804ea10655e72173c6cb23db62cf431f1746809d19b6c058420f32d5e2

Observation 57002682-87b1-4770-8bd3-31bbb899b940 · outbound

This paper cites Unleashing the potential of prompt engineering for large language models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Unleashing the potential of prompt engineering for large language models

Reference 10

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.058435Z digest=sha256:60cb53b44b1b5bf1e73ccfd60c2a9734a065636dac3fd87d4bc7864e6d2e9778

Observation 718487d1-e214-4ae9-8bad-8223050b2512 · outbound

This paper cites Connecting large language models with evolutionary algorithms yields powerful prompt optimizers, 2024.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Connecting large language models with evolutionary algorithms yields powerful prompt optimizers, 2024

Reference 11

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.129555Z digest=sha256:dc018417952a7eadbe476a9902a812b140149bb23bef495dfa534e84a916be01

Observation 57b17ff4-b314-4e6f-b743-c4314ac2ccdc · outbound

This paper cites Llamea: A large language model evolutionary algorithm for automatically generating metaheuristics.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Llamea: A large language model evolutionary algorithm for automatically generating metaheuristics

Reference 12

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.205910Z digest=sha256:dc49b6123e9f73a3d228c733279dc804eee648d377fc272bf68c34aa0bf5207a

Observation 1bee18d8-718b-4206-b14a-4aeb66e09cd0 · outbound

This paper cites A systematic survey on large language models for algorithm design.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications A systematic survey on large language models for algorithm design

Reference 13

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.313230Z digest=sha256:820d652eab8d60da3359158c4fdc5a58653948d500817623e2949227347a4cc8

Observation 572329e6-18a6-49d5-b233-6c6d9afedd61 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.380554Z digest=sha256:01b84752ff785becd7ccd230dd1191cb6e3adee68964e8801d39139ee50998af

Observation 04b061d9-0745-4403-ace9-fa20f18118ed · outbound

This paper cites Exploring the improvement of evolutionary computation via large language models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Exploring the improvement of evolutionary computation via large language models

Reference 15

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.481610Z digest=sha256:9cd3e35976715d3789ab70d5099cf8e2160b4e5fa39392188f1a2c47e9d46131

Observation fc84326d-ed92-479a-bf6e-5f025daa4d59 · outbound

This paper cites When large language model meets optimization.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications When large language model meets optimization

Reference 16

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.540543Z digest=sha256:5f272178e903d6f5e24736bc214bba96d9f625a0f33bd65e8dc125efd5a0eee9

Observation bd360ec2-d9ab-40b6-bb66-a97b33402d18 · outbound

This paper cites Llmatic: neural architecture search via large language models and quality diversity optimization.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Llmatic: neural architecture search via large language models and quality diversity optimization

Reference 17

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.622792Z digest=sha256:d0cd1ae72058ba55de19fade3cfee39f812543d5a71c7d2dfc45514ddfc1cefa

Observation 58dc727b-54e2-4f38-b545-f70f5431d5e6 · outbound

This paper cites Llm-informed discrete prompt opti- mization.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Llm-informed discrete prompt opti- mization

Reference 18

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.699155Z digest=sha256:6bbc611d88613feaa3714da011eb3f356ba1deb837a3aa2564803101d5c85e16

Observation 24af782a-549e-4e43-8e30-9d8ada7ed8e1 · outbound

This paper cites Model-driven prompt engineering.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Model-driven prompt engineering

Reference 19

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.770502Z digest=sha256:e15f9796e7243b64a3fdba0a54e4d621bea9bf098f038347440f3708d429699b

Observation f022fdee-9d13-466c-b0c4-f8b1d8a09475 · outbound

This paper cites Prompt Engineering a Prompt Engineer.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Prompt Engineering a Prompt Engineer

Reference 20

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.869855Z digest=sha256:6e3c686753fc53ed60466f757ff9e30e087e7461e5b87594198d495e2765b610

Observation 25e69010-ce46-43a0-8026-5f0c74a526b6 · outbound

This paper cites More Samples or More Prompts? Exploring Effective In-Context Sampling for LLM Few-Shot Prompt Engineering.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications More Samples or More Prompts? Exploring Effective In-Context Sampling for LLM Few-Shot Prompt Engineering

Reference 21

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:06.963550Z digest=sha256:3eb2e3b6269845fab045f5ac12797d659d5ed04282608297c2156aec99b1cfcd

Observation d40ebdd4-1a0b-46d3-8ed2-054d16d74353 · outbound

This paper cites Active Prompting with Chain-of-Thought for Large Language Models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Active Prompting with Chain-of-Thought for Large Language Models

Reference 22

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.064977Z digest=sha256:64e8bc4666f19ecd7ce01231d9fba1b91b820540a70437ecfac0d40f9296bb51

Observation 1255081b-5106-476c-b132-ca60993f91d6 · outbound

This paper cites Msprompt: Multi-step prompt learning for debiasing few-shot event detection.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Msprompt: Multi-step prompt learning for debiasing few-shot event detection

Reference 23

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.127193Z digest=sha256:31328d2170c4d29ca38f27a31437dc50a6717ea1451463b849258e97b0fd759b

Observation 5a72b044-2d48-49b1-9deb-93cfaf4ba232 · outbound

This paper cites PROMPT course manual.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications PROMPT course manual

Reference 24

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.165192Z digest=sha256:8c59fc2af27b0d8bc6aa4a328ad4748a45c69485e98adc181a59c09184580d30

Observation 73b29592-52b7-4176-9349-871f37a4e5f4 · outbound

This paper cites Prompting ai art: An investigation into the creative skill of prompt engineering.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Prompting ai art: An investigation into the creative skill of prompt engineering

Reference 25

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.205979Z digest=sha256:28a6a8302f633112760c215494fc2ef1578517bf4db7bd117aaed528b42b53f8

Observation ae661d1d-5cfb-49d8-9f12-114b89f5a66a · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary algorithms and their applications to engineering problems.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evolutionary algorithms and their applications to engineering problems

Reference 26

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.285926Z digest=sha256:b71d0821646b46aabf7add75c2e5a5fd5679b4d45fb3b6b454f5f7bf83c0ae5a

Observation f3e69ead-8d40-4e8b-87a6-eef09532c9b9 · outbound

This paper cites Hard prompts made easy: Gradient-based discrete optimization for prompt tuning and discovery.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Hard prompts made easy: Gradient-based discrete optimization for prompt tuning and discovery

Reference 27

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.349513Z digest=sha256:d1a18c87c1c5225f34c8806e73dfe0229991cd7f6885fbf5cfacd36dec5aaaf8

Observation beb603c2-2808-4a23-a5fb-969b1cbbac07 · outbound

This paper cites Learning How to Ask: Querying LMs with Mixtures of Soft Prompts.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Learning How to Ask: Querying LMs with Mixtures of Soft Prompts

Reference 28

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.374599Z digest=sha256:b86446f4322a9205da187584a6841ea94049a447124dfb9f9ccca450132a2bc3

Observation cad65778-4a29-4ef3-b702-5a7f2605c9f8 · outbound

This paper cites GPS: Genetic Prompt Search for Efficient Few-shot Learning.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications GPS: Genetic Prompt Search for Efficient Few-shot Learning

Reference 29

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.454293Z digest=sha256:e8bc37e3bb305c8dbb848783828d6f00c112922825221ade5b702ad38698d5cb

Observation 7550533f-bcdb-410b-8732-f37fd9f314e6 · outbound

This paper cites GrIPS: Gradient-free, Edit-based Instruction Search for Prompting Large Language Models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications GrIPS: Gradient-free, Edit-based Instruction Search for Prompting Large Language Models

Reference 30

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.510918Z digest=sha256:5efef6547ac02bdd422bbc5416e4bbf3c01f8289e17b60eb6dce076a18f1f3ff

Observation f351f4f2-3a13-40cd-bef3-cb21ee16c2b8 · outbound

This paper cites Automatic Engineering of Long Prompts.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Automatic Engineering of Long Prompts

Reference 31

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.545956Z digest=sha256:d4a1ebd73d61c1512b60b973699cd5da6496610d5957596555f348a7480e3f9b

Observation 61838901-57d5-4426-9e55-686116bcc8f8 · outbound

This paper cites EvoPrompt: Connecting LLMs with Evolutionary Algorithms Yields Powerful Prompt Optimizers.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications EvoPrompt: Connecting LLMs with Evolutionary Algorithms Yields Powerful Prompt Optimizers

Reference 32

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.589354Z digest=sha256:4808a49b05b91665b6fddcb399f6ac03df3b4ae7a331895d3da9f7d054965250

Observation b8056b6b-304e-4c76-b3fa-3b42cb5db34d · outbound

This paper cites Promptbreeder: Self-Referential Self-Improvement Via Prompt Evolution.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Promptbreeder: Self-Referential Self-Improvement Via Prompt Evolution

Reference 33

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.662714Z digest=sha256:6518c229da173b7ff1a951bebe9b41ad6888b3641c68a56a39a26e91e6616ce8

Observation 5e3ff344-50fa-4019-999d-c09517046279 · outbound

This paper cites Evoprompting: Language models for code-level neural architecture search.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evoprompting: Language models for code-level neural architecture search

Reference 34

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.720387Z digest=sha256:4ae260908285be490fb6881c35cfbc799a770b50a3c1918bc4f86537fecab7b1

Observation b9e11372-7ff1-41ca-8643-0d8a02e7119d · outbound

This paper cites SEE: Strategic Exploration and Exploitation for Cohesive In-Context Prompt Optimization.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications SEE: Strategic Exploration and Exploitation for Cohesive In-Context Prompt Optimization

Reference 35

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.751567Z digest=sha256:d35f7ca490d57b15f3b825be575f0706ce06274a7200cb168448c809260ef61d

Observation 1f221aba-aa78-4e70-b2f4-2559b60007fb · outbound

This paper cites PRompt Optimization in Multi-Step Tasks (PROMST): Integrating Human Feedback and Heuristic-based Sampling.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications PRompt Optimization in Multi-Step Tasks (PROMST): Integrating Human Feedback and Heuristic-based Sampling

Reference 36

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:07.823722Z digest=sha256:ee8b26b7f173f003088c9b65f8184aa144b211046278b89097aa359739fb546e

Observation eee2c321-caa5-4653-b82d-236f04d1eb27 · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary multi-objective optimization of large language model prompts for balancing sentiments.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evolutionary multi-objective optimization of large language model prompts for balancing sentiments

Reference 37

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Observation 3943eb3b-19a8-4960-8e7c-1dc35e61840b · outbound

This paper cites Genetic Auto-prompt Learning for Pre-trained Code Intelligence Language Models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Genetic Auto-prompt Learning for Pre-trained Code Intelligence Language Models

Reference 38

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Observation 11f33da4-cb56-4fea-b431-89abcea22926 · outbound

This paper cites Generative AI-based Prompt Evolution Engineering Design Optimization With Vision-Language Model.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Generative AI-based Prompt Evolution Engineering Design Optimization With Vision-Language Model

Reference 39

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Observation d3d1500e-5644-419e-b5f5-4e1daaf15e8f · outbound

This paper cites Prompt-aligned gradient for prompt tuning.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Prompt-aligned gradient for prompt tuning

Reference 40

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Observation ad3e4962-6047-4cea-976a-4b0f54b33eae · outbound

This paper cites TEMPERA: Test-Time Prompting via Reinforcement Learning.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications TEMPERA: Test-Time Prompting via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 41

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Observation f246afcf-f705-442f-af5e-dd6c204f4df2 · outbound

This paper cites A Sequential Optimal Learning Approach to Automated Prompt Engineering in Large Language Models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications A Sequential Optimal Learning Approach to Automated Prompt Engineering in Large Language Models

Reference 42

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Observation eaa83c41-2eaa-41ce-9463-cd47254583be · outbound

This paper cites Phaseevo: Towards unified in-context prompt optimization for large language models, 2024.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Phaseevo: Towards unified in-context prompt optimization for large language models, 2024

Reference 43

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Observation 8bb4fc12-63ff-4d66-8df8-2e041e8808da · outbound

This paper cites Gaapo: Genetic algorithmic ap- plied to prompt optimization, 2025.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Gaapo: Genetic algorithmic ap- plied to prompt optimization, 2025

Reference 44

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Observation 76d14de1-75a7-4f8d-8b85-22def5eb3e66 · outbound

This paper cites Autohint: Automatic prompt optimization with hint generation, 2023.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Autohint: Automatic prompt optimization with hint generation, 2023

Reference 45

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Observation 92c44319-0a64-4d44-88b7-9b40466548ac · outbound

This paper cites Autotinybert: Automatic hyper- parameter optimization for efficient pre-trained language models, 2021.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Autotinybert: Automatic hyper- parameter optimization for efficient pre-trained language models, 2021

Reference 46

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Observation 98969687-412e-4b39-aaf1-7cfcc24522df · outbound

This paper cites An investigation on the use of large language models for hyperparameter tuning in evolutionary algorithms.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications An investigation on the use of large language models for hyperparameter tuning in evolutionary algorithms

Reference 47

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Observation 8ba6b38b-1a4d-4da5-b242-4877dc7b8179 · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary algorithms for hyperparameter optimization in machine learning for application in high energy physics.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evolutionary algorithms for hyperparameter optimization in machine learning for application in high energy physics

Reference 48

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Observation 9c69f38c-a274-4569-8e8f-0181ef970a00 · outbound

This paper cites A survey on intel- ligent network operations and performance optimization based on large language models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications A survey on intel- ligent network operations and performance optimization based on large language models

Reference 49

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Observation 9da84c98-a2f3-4bd1-8ef3-d74bd44a374a · outbound

This paper cites Autobert- zero: Evolving bert backbone from scratch.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Autobert- zero: Evolving bert backbone from scratch

Reference 50

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Observation 385cc668-0623-4981-a109-04e949018a3c · outbound

This paper cites SuperShaper: Task-Agnostic Super Pre-training of BERT Models with Variable Hidden Dimensions.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications SuperShaper: Task-Agnostic Super Pre-training of BERT Models with Variable Hidden Dimensions

Reference 51

Resolution
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Observation 4b257a78-88b6-4827-9a70-3d324ee8c86a · outbound

This paper cites de Rosa, Subhabrata Mukherjee, Shital Shah, Tomasz L.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications de Rosa, Subhabrata Mukherjee, Shital Shah, Tomasz L

Reference 52

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Observation fc5964c2-edff-41b5-80ab-3c71c59822f7 · outbound

This paper cites Resource-constrained neural archi- tecture search on language models: A case study.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Resource-constrained neural archi- tecture search on language models: A case study

Reference 53

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 426a0527-1f33-4a3d-a7e0-4e2a4485e572 · outbound

This paper cites Structural Pruning of Pre-trained Language Models via Neural Architecture Search.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Structural Pruning of Pre-trained Language Models via Neural Architecture Search

Reference 54

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Observation c3e86525-51eb-4776-a847-d841d57f47bb · outbound

This paper cites Jack and masters of all trades: one-pass learning sets of model sets from large pre-trained models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Jack and masters of all trades: one-pass learning sets of model sets from large pre-trained models

Reference 55

Resolution
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Observation aac6f93e-4459-4da3-b0f3-a56517cdcf2b · outbound

This paper cites GPT-NAS: Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search with the Generative Pre-Trained Model.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications GPT-NAS: Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search with the Generative Pre-Trained Model

Reference 56

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Observation 17dd59a0-86e2-4f87-ad56-a817d703b818 · outbound

This paper cites Llm guided evolution-the automation of models advancing models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Llm guided evolution-the automation of models advancing models

Reference 57

Resolution
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Observation dc75e7c4-f55e-42aa-b4f2-f0e8bc08fe95 · outbound

This paper cites A review on the long short-term memory model.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications A review on the long short-term memory model

Reference 58

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Observation 58cbbf79-1939-42e8-b3b1-dec6472fc4e0 · outbound

This paper cites Attention is all you need.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Attention is all you need

Reference 59

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Observation 533fa950-8841-4566-8cda-adbae5427a6c · outbound

This paper cites Investigating the potential of ai-driven innovations for enhancing differential evolution in optimization tasks.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Investigating the potential of ai-driven innovations for enhancing differential evolution in optimization tasks

Reference 60

Resolution
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Observation 40762d8e-0bc3-40ed-ad4b-901462ae13b8 · outbound

This paper cites Differential evolution: a practical approach to global optimization.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Differential evolution: a practical approach to global optimization

Reference 61

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 4327dfce-fb23-4805-a6d0-d294f3567986 · outbound

This paper cites Leveraging large lan- guage models for the generation of novel metaheuristic optimization algorithms.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Leveraging large lan- guage models for the generation of novel metaheuristic optimization algorithms

Reference 62

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c5eb00f3-022f-4433-84ff-c2f3f9887532 · outbound

This paper cites Soma—self-organizing migrating algorithm.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Soma—self-organizing migrating algorithm

Reference 63

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Observation 7ef861af-eda0-4295-832b-7bbeed6e7595 · outbound

This paper cites Soma—self-organizing migrating algorithm.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Soma—self-organizing migrating algorithm

Reference 64

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Observation c40a81e4-db16-42fa-9e4a-9fff55e5c9b4 · outbound

This paper cites Mathematical discoveries from program search with large language models.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Mathematical discoveries from program search with large language models

Reference 65

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 57151d9b-2fc5-4b3a-86b2-31974882d7aa · outbound

This paper cites FunBO: Discovering Acquisition Functions for Bayesian Optimization with FunSearch.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications FunBO: Discovering Acquisition Functions for Bayesian Optimization with FunSearch

Reference 66

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 467514b3-0604-4609-b88b-699df4144d48 · outbound

This paper cites Evolution of Heuristics: Towards Efficient Automatic Algorithm Design Using Large Language Model.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evolution of Heuristics: Towards Efficient Automatic Algorithm Design Using Large Language Model

Reference 67

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Observation eb6754fb-4908-46b9-87c2-bf2822c0ef7c · outbound

This paper cites Multi-objective Evolution of Heuristic Using Large Language Model.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Multi-objective Evolution of Heuristic Using Large Language Model

Reference 68

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 6ee1e6fb-d4a6-4db5-9b22-d4ea7037ae4f · outbound

This paper cites ReEvo: Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics with Reflective Evolution.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications ReEvo: Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics with Reflective Evolution

Reference 69

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation d61c22f8-5826-474b-bbf7-85f19d946f9f · outbound

This paper cites IOHprofiler: A Benchmarking and Profiling Tool for Iterative Optimization Heuristics.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications IOHprofiler: A Benchmarking and Profiling Tool for Iterative Optimization Heuristics

Reference 70

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Observation 6aa96ec8-1d79-4595-99d0-5b375b46b4a6 · outbound

This paper cites Iohexperimenter: Benchmarking platform for iterative optimization heuristics.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Iohexperimenter: Benchmarking platform for iterative optimization heuristics

Reference 71

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 7381ca00-fedc-4b3a-9dcb-5e8ae06024ca · outbound

This paper cites Iohanalyzer: Detailed performance analyses for iterative optimization heuristics.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Iohanalyzer: Detailed performance analyses for iterative optimization heuristics

Reference 72

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:11.438552Z digest=sha256:d7ac09ee01acf7c77642510f029180fb937554ada2aba048068749e72c4a4163

Observation 609d1a53-4842-4b8f-a103-73264273fa11 · outbound

This paper cites Large language models as surrogate models in evolutionary algo- rithms: A preliminary study.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Large language models as surrogate models in evolutionary algo- rithms: A preliminary study

Reference 73

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 3369fd2e-16dd-4743-a8be-dce72f9f1a42 · outbound

This paper cites Model uncertainty in evolutionary optimization and bayesian op- timization: A comparative analysis.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Model uncertainty in evolutionary optimization and bayesian op- timization: A comparative analysis

Reference 74

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 822a77fd-6edc-4fbf-baa9-eb50a757071e · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models to Enhance Bayesian Optimization.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Large Language Models to Enhance Bayesian Optimization

Reference 75

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation b2bd2ab2-b885-4325-a5a5-825af9a4bb37 · outbound

This paper cites Large language models as tuning agents of metaheuris- tics.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Large language models as tuning agents of metaheuris- tics

Reference 76

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation ae6b447c-4a66-4191-bcaf-8acd5e033ccd · outbound

This paper cites Metaheuristics and large language models join forces: Towards an integrated optimization approach.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Metaheuristics and large language models join forces: Towards an integrated optimization approach

Reference 77

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 11d28183-f1c9-49fe-a478-6724b84a75af · outbound

This paper cites FastCover: An Unsupervised Learning Framework for Multi-Hop Influence Maximization in Social Networks.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications FastCover: An Unsupervised Learning Framework for Multi-Hop Influence Maximization in Social Networks

Reference 78

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 74e8e1df-9a68-4a60-8a0c-c5630053a69f · outbound

This paper cites Finding influential nodes in social networks using minimum k- hop dominating set.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Finding influential nodes in social networks using minimum k- hop dominating set

Reference 79

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 686d542a-906b-4b3b-972c-01e0595eca46 · outbound

This paper cites Leveraging large language model to generate a novel meta- heuristic algorithm with crispe framework.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Leveraging large language model to generate a novel meta- heuristic algorithm with crispe framework

Reference 80

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation ea7250aa-3540-484c-9545-79991697b1c1 · outbound

This paper cites Language models are few-shot learners.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Language models are few-shot learners

Reference 81

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 6eb89961-b8da-4127-ab60-093674e258d7 · outbound

This paper cites Multitask genetic programming- based generative hyperheuristics: A case study in dynamic scheduling.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Multitask genetic programming- based generative hyperheuristics: A case study in dynamic scheduling

Reference 82

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 64b8fa02-c11f-444e-922c-dac83a238400 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Unresolved cited work

Reference 83

Resolution
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Observation b20aecf2-db56-44bb-8b23-a55de2196e04 · outbound

This paper cites Lemabe: a novel framework to improve analogy-based software cost estimation using learnable evolution model.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Lemabe: a novel framework to improve analogy-based software cost estimation using learnable evolution model

Reference 84

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d08eeae4-c531-4a4a-b32b-5a387878bd6a · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models for Constructing and Optimizing Machine Learning Workflows: A Survey.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Large Language Models for Constructing and Optimizing Machine Learning Workflows: A Survey

Reference 85

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

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Observation 9dc26e6d-87cf-4fb8-b658-a91ff7974ebf · outbound

This paper cites Mixing LLM and genetic algorithms: New trends and research projects.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Mixing LLM and genetic algorithms: New trends and research projects

Reference 86

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation a5c4e508-6842-42cb-a014-b238dc7144cc · outbound

This paper cites Exploring the prompt space of large language models through evolutionary sampling.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Exploring the prompt space of large language models through evolutionary sampling

Reference 87

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 2ab700eb-6b92-4bf6-a83e-83d81a6a89df · outbound

This paper cites AutoOpt: A General Framework for Automatically Designing Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms with Diverse Structures.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications AutoOpt: A General Framework for Automatically Designing Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms with Diverse Structures

Reference 88

Resolution
verified exact
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation fe09f8fa-51c3-4eff-abe1-83e52f763847 · outbound

This paper cites The crowdless future? generative ai and creative problem-solving.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications The crowdless future? generative ai and creative problem-solving

Reference 89

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation 4e5b92ac-b236-46ac-ab07-97a695f9d2d8 · outbound

This paper cites Explainable artificial in- telligence (xai): Concepts, taxonomies, opportunities and challenges toward responsible ai.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Explainable artificial in- telligence (xai): Concepts, taxonomies, opportunities and challenges toward responsible ai

Reference 90

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verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation b6c68306-d533-44de-8ea5-85a81da9e964 · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing Explainability and Reliable Decision-Making in Particle Swarm Optimization through Communication Topologies.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Enhancing Explainability and Reliable Decision-Making in Particle Swarm Optimization through Communication Topologies

Reference 91

Resolution
verified exact
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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Observation e8d7da29-9a82-4d42-892c-635f7f8ebe68 · outbound

This paper cites Robust and Adaptive Optimization under a Large Language Model Lens.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Robust and Adaptive Optimization under a Large Language Model Lens

Reference 92

Resolution
unresolved
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:13.294563Z digest=sha256:59b21dc6761378f26c16e870bf2bcaa9b84b85a86d38f2b1331aea9a732c410a

Observation 40a466bb-3c78-41a5-a5ab-2af5c4c2661f · outbound

This paper cites Nl4opt competition: Formulating optimiza- tion problems based on their natural language descriptions.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Nl4opt competition: Formulating optimiza- tion problems based on their natural language descriptions

Reference 93

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:13.425414Z digest=sha256:f2bf6e6236eec774bd923a0db167377586039fb33d550e6a835acb17bd040471

Observation ffd219c7-5081-4c05-b73d-f61a87706442 · outbound

This paper cites What are large language models (llms)? https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/ resources/cloud-computing-dictionary/what-are-large-language-models-llms , 2025.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications What are large language models (llms)? https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/ resources/cloud-computing-dictionary/what-are-large-language-models-llms , 2025

Reference 94

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:13.570113Z digest=sha256:c9d655d8af277121e56799eadefec28c11955c3ac20dba20f2a5c9a719ad6ac8

Observation ebbe6330-2743-427d-be67-8688a709dd23 · outbound

This paper cites Evolving code with a large language model.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Evolving code with a large language model

Reference 95

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:13.703017Z digest=sha256:30efd6bd113fa7786e137d9ab67efb861b1d2f611d493760bbbef1a6b2e229f1

Observation dd00603a-c9e9-4ab8-8912-39588eeabdeb · outbound

This paper cites Algorithmic information theory.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Algorithmic information theory

Reference 96

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:14:16.953709Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:13.902117Z digest=sha256:95f3e76f0245949493ee69baaec32855ea728354eab6e0859a366e5e518da705

Observation 1af75c23-1f62-47a1-81b5-ede21ef0b738 · outbound

This paper cites Llm4ad: A platform for algorithm design with large language model.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Llm4ad: A platform for algorithm design with large language model

Reference 97

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:14:14.052474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:14.052474Z digest=sha256:d3e574dc30343bb63ea5b4712e364fc0e29b3227dd3986aff1bbb4ab74316011

Observation 205aa449-2171-4725-a0db-112f22df9a2c · outbound

This paper cites Blade: Benchmarking language model agents for data-driven science.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Blade: Benchmarking language model agents for data-driven science

Reference 98

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:14.188379Z digest=sha256:cce84857331543d813c56b1d6a154427fd46fe6fd935498c7c63de6cbe27e9c2

Observation cc18fda7-15b5-4767-9cd8-a609a8d3d5c4 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond the hype: Benchmarking llm-evolved heuristics for bin packing.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Beyond the hype: Benchmarking llm-evolved heuristics for bin packing

Reference 99

Resolution
verified fuzzy
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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:14.264280Z digest=sha256:a9b740aa115539b8ccc3b499a2eee0413dc7f083c5f5bee65253c7ef83902e25

Observation e4e60932-b084-4816-bc46-3e4d24132aa4 · outbound

This paper cites Searching for benchmark problem instances from data-driven optimisation.

Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications Searching for benchmark problem instances from data-driven optimisation

Reference 100

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T15:14:16.916357Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T15:14:14.298535Z digest=sha256:5ab872c9d7469f656dc438c9ab4aaa7e24846f2ea8faab1af16a02277502cc2d

Pith citing papers

Observation 1c2611b5-3bff-4b29-bd98-43a6ee738fbe · inbound

Behaviour Space Analysis of LLM-driven Meta-heuristic Discovery cites this paper.

Behaviour Space Analysis of LLM-driven Meta-heuristic Discovery Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications

Reference 2

Resolution
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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T20:10:12.500053Z digest=sha256:7469dc1b25105860a9c255f0441f41707da0ce9d6a393cd81568cb61bc2a7aea

Observation b2442844-9e60-4ba5-9bef-1da1b222fd8e · inbound

LLM-Based Instance-Driven Heuristic Bias In the Context of a Biased Random Key Genetic Algorithm cites this paper.

LLM-Based Instance-Driven Heuristic Bias In the Context of a Biased Random Key Genetic Algorithm Evolutionary Computation and Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Synergies, and Applications

Reference 11

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T05:31:07.464419Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

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