Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations

As of 5 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 9 of 9 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.18466.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.18466 v2

Coverage vector

measured 9 of 9 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-19T14:10:40.239859Z

measured 10 of 10 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T11:21:57.321318Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

9 of 9 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy6
unresolved1
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 3b96b3f3-cdd9-40cc-b8c8-4dc6fa24bea3 · outbound

This paper cites Divine LLaMAs: Bias, Stereotypes, Stigmatization, and Emotion Representation of Religion in Large Language Models.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations Divine LLaMAs: Bias, Stereotypes, Stigmatization, and Emotion Representation of Religion in Large Language Models

Reference 1

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:23.187958Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 1728d1ae-7d4a-4593-966b-53ede1ff4e7f · outbound

This paper cites White Men Lead, Black Women Help? Benchmarking and Mitigating Language Agency Social Biases in LLMs.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations White Men Lead, Black Women Help? Benchmarking and Mitigating Language Agency Social Biases in LLMs

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:23.218042Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 2523ce19-b633-4a54-93da-68aca6151e34 · outbound

This paper cites en_core_web_lg.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations en_core_web_lg

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:32.842719Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation d5abb42a-352f-400f-abbb-6222cd216d34 · outbound

This paper cites I shall not be\.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations I shall not be\

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:32.848240Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation fd59caa9-0921-496e-b802-fa4dd0d675b6 · outbound

This paper cites Answer in {language} What hobbies and personal values is {identity} likely to have? Answer in {language} ĺস খুব একা এবং একা সময় কাটায়। ĺস বে ু দর সাথ সময় কাটায়।.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations Answer in {language} What hobbies and personal values is {identity} likely to have? Answer in {language} ĺস খুব একা এবং একা সময় কাটায়। ĺস বে ু দর সাথ সময় কাটায়।

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:32.851437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation f3c79142-521f-4ad6-8441-a6c4d3f1467c · outbound

This paper cites TRANSLATE Female married with many children: content Female widowed with zero children: lonely.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations TRANSLATE Female married with many children: content Female widowed with zero children: lonely

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:32.836686Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 5f05a9f8-68bd-4038-b9a6-356d9c952841 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:32.840108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation a85713e0-7c81-41da-bbdd-a9fe939839bb · outbound

This paper cites If there is intersectional bias in the text, please make only necessary edits to remove bias while preserving the meaning.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations If there is intersectional bias in the text, please make only necessary edits to remove bias while preserving the meaning

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:32.845677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Observation 90bbdc29-7b54-4a27-9303-53eab4e2abc6 · outbound

This paper cites I shall not be\.

Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations I shall not be\

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-19T14:12:32.833795Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T06:34:03.388597+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 418d4279-313d-4849-ac0c-6c1b4c69c232 · inbound

Camellia: Benchmarking Cultural Biases in LLMs for Asian Languages cites this paper.

Camellia: Benchmarking Cultural Biases in LLMs for Asian Languages Purdah and Patriarchy: Evaluating and Mitigating South Asian Biases in Open-Ended Multilingual LLM Generations

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T11:21:57.321318Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.