Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T13:23:18.667504Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 72 of 72 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.22042.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T13:23:18.667504Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
72 of 72 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation b5fecbbc-6536-48fb-8af4-81d47bd2ddcc · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Critical learning periods in deep networks
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation d26aad62-f06c-46d4-aef9-12336ab779eb · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining If influence functions are the answer, then what is the question?Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 35:17953–17967, 2022
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 41cdcd03-202b-4257-aa9d-82f6aa945fe6 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Influence functions in deep learning are fragile
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3d5a4f78-642e-42c7-905e-28bc1f6e1426 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Curriculum learning
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ce364a44-5cbb-47ff-8f30-8b05215ac3d3 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Pythia: A suite for analyzing large language models across training and scaling
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6b16de16-af20-430a-818d-ef94fa86b9e7 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7ceafe11-c3ce-43b2-80ac-5d28c3e96aa4 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Generalization potential of large language models.Neural Computing and Applications, 37(4):1973–1997, 2025
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 3a911a51-a6fb-4825-9d11-ea30846d15a4 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Curriculum learning for language modeling
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 65a85616-198e-4115-9d96-7a3f8a0de651 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Fast and accurate network embeddings via very sparse random projection
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 3ea32065-3dce-437e-b626-466dff6bfa4b · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Zoo: Zeroth order optimization based black-box attacks to deep neural networks without training substitute models
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b7e36e61-d0ea-4ba0-b274-bc5f6b07a740 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Zo- adamm: Zeroth-order adaptive momentum method for black-box optimization.Advances in neural information processing systems, 32, 2019
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b35db9f2-732b-401c-b82e-7f63f8bbe150 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Optimal rates for zero-order convex optimization: The power of two function evaluations.IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 61(5):2788–2806, 2015
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 9d1b8b91-3d8a-4747-a5d0-fd25280f5209 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining What neural networks memorize and why: Discovering the long tail via influence estimation.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 33:2881–2891, 2020
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4a54bc48-f247-44ca-973f-7d20c8f2c31d · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Online convex optimization in the bandit setting: gradient descent without a gradient
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 83e75901-47d7-429a-872e-8738f27d44ad · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining The Early Phase of Neural Network Training
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 68f04328-ad75-4ee9-bc91-282f007ba9fa · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Stochastic first-and zeroth-order methods for nonconvex stochastic programming.SIAM journal on optimization, 23(4):2341–2368, 2013
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e4a4395b-1bf9-4809-8606-eaf34cd865e1 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Deep curriculum learning optimization.SN Computer Science, 1(5):245, 2020
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 9b9c7e27-90a6-40ea-87d6-e79f128ed481 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Gradientless Descent: High-Dimensional Zeroth-Order Optimization
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e1f668a4-cc90-4f0e-94ec-0c0932701506 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Training dynamics for text summarization models
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 6498feb2-d83f-460c-a560-aed3f0f60cdf · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Au- tomated curriculum learning for neural networks
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 126c34b4-4334-4a28-b373-cb3e8d006bc6 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Curriculum learning for facial expression recognition
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation f6be3e32-da86-4f54-9fb5-804c1bb7ef77 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Fastif: Scalable influence functions for efficient model interpretation and debugging
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 26a05e52-2067-4e15-86b8-b067ffdf3770 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining On the power of curriculum learning in training deep networks
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2fbec718-33e2-4357-a576-971245cd44d9 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Can Perplexity Reflect Large Language Model's Ability in Long Text Understanding?
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4d44bc17-1c27-4994-965d-74cd1739f458 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining A review on genetic algorithm: past, present, and future.Multimedia Tools and Applications, 80:8091 – 8126, 2020
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation c9a885ee-f18b-43a1-8493-aa0417a4fe3d · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Strategic Data Ordering: Enhancing Large Language Model Performance through Curriculum Learning
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4e5fe4cb-c923-4e54-9811-57ca8ff20a71 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Understanding black-box predictions via influence functions
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6e164834-fbfe-40a6-8c43-0fe9ff725584 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining On the accuracy of influence functions for measuring group effects.Advances in neural information processing systems, 32, 2019
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dd8ec27b-7919-4664-8cbf-eae1693b696b · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Crossover operators in genetic algorithms: A review
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 846c5766-49cc-48c4-a8ad-4366e8c8ef7b · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Causal estimation of memorisation profiles
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation d137a686-8636-4c19-b224-cc09806081a3 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Environment curriculum generation via large language models
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 59e4e7c5-bd68-4892-a71f-311d38da6cb5 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Token-wise influential training data retrieval for large language models
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 460cf437-ee3f-4936-84ec-147185782950 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining A primer on zeroth-order optimization in signal processing and machine learning: Principals, recent advances, and applications.IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 37(5):43–54, 2020
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation e77bd0ab-bc73-44af-ae00-c5c68e644ccf · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Probing across time: What does roberta know and when? InFindings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021, pages 820–842, 2021
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 8bbeade3-4b3b-42bc-9b4e-dfb1ea28190b · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Fine-tuning language models with just forward passes.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 36:53038–53075, 2023
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d5d23a0a-8acc-4d0b-b449-7367958fd5c5 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Teacher–student curriculum learning.IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems, 31(9):3732–3740, 2019
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 08cd35ae-6246-49e0-af74-9df10d2341d6 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Scalable language modeling: Wikitext-103 on a single gpu in 12 hours.Proceedings of the SYSML, 18, 2018
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation f1238d16-26ea-4a01-b43f-78f07d0ffbfa · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining An Analysis of Neural Language Modeling at Multiple Scales
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d9f3424a-a424-4d21-a1f5-d6048784c6f9 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Curriculum Learning for Small Code Language Models
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c7df00cb-89fc-4734-9975-d3f6fc2a2fe4 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Random gradient-free minimization of convex functions
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 35f86e50-842b-444e-9bbd-641bac811a11 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining DataMan: Data Manager for Pre-training Large Language Models
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4b5cc26a-8d58-4157-a1ef-f8828d95154c · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Svcca: Singular vector canonical correlation analysis for deep learning dynamics and interpretability.Advances in neural information processing systems, 30, 2017
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ad107f75-f08b-4b06-be47-49784949fc7f · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Sutherland
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation ea670bfb-8701-44a5-84e4-20ec413fd288 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Training dynamics of neural language models
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 8003afbf-2c4d-4590-9484-f88e7b687de5 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Understanding Learning Dynamics Of Language Models with SVCCA
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3f6b1bc6-9847-438b-a5b7-1ad75e82f45d · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining On the dynamics of gender learning in speech translation
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation c5af48f2-4de5-4032-bd3f-095700cf2bc9 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Emergent structures and training dynamics in large language models
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 5ac3aece-b90d-4d0d-aa89-2bccabba99a5 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Memorization without overfitting: Analyzing the training dynamics of large language models.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 35:38274–38290, 2022
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 48e07c9d-f4db-4191-a370-c7460837f471 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4270f250-3ed5-416a-94bc-10c13b2f22e5 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining How hard can it be? estimating the difficulty of visual search in an image
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 5b52c8d8-e827-4b54-8f9f-5a087bf3e8f0 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining The johnson-lindenstrauss transform: an empirical study
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation d812d4e7-111b-4141-97d7-15be0e38031a · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Curriculum learning for multimedia in the era of large language models
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 366cca89-e530-4276-b2dc-cdd981104087 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Stochastic zeroth-order optimization in high dimensions
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 6ced60e6-1c47-4172-a105-01fcbdf031ad · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Curriculum learning by transfer learning: Theory and experiments with deep networks
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 1da6ce44-fc90-471b-ad73-730a07a88737 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Curriculum learning for natural language understanding
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 6c20a177-9433-4e34-b74f-ac2a732b7db4 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining To repeat or not to repeat: Insights from scaling llm under token-crisis, 2023
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation d7bb3c70-3c84-4182-9ab7-df105a1a1ed3 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Dpzero: dimension- independent and differentially private zeroth-order optimization
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 153fc756-b1ab-4a6f-a64e-04972164b57d · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining An Empirical Exploration of Curriculum Learning for Neural Machine Translation
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 26c1772e-475e-4b85-974d-9a4acc841ab0 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining FRAME: Boosting LLMs with A Four-Quadrant Multi-Stage Pretraining Strategy
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 03ff89cc-0680-49ab-9f54-8f90daec134b · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Preference Curriculum: LLMs Should Always Be Pretrained on Their Preferred Data
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 026661ac-7dfe-46ca-8d12-6987f3b3b368 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Revisiting Zeroth-Order Optimization for Memory-Efficient LLM Fine-Tuning: A Benchmark
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 40a189f7-9f1e-4d10-8f2a-a28696ee9c70 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Billion-scale network embedding with iterative random projection
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 9ad379b3-20a6-4b59-99db-860cf294c81b · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Curriculum Learning for Deep Generative Models with Clustering
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 3afc1406-5e8b-463d-bd2c-23e0c2d3bfff · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining An empirical study of memorization in nlp
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation bf0e3eed-4ea1-415d-a4b1-a3f2c892a9a6 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining , T}}, with|ST |=T!
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 1949c804-6cec-4d0f-8ce6-60671baa71ba · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Retain the top 50% individuals with the highest fitness scores for reproduction, and discard the rest
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 4d3aef4b-5319-4d42-9c99-85459cc190e5 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Specifically, randomly choose two crossover points l and r such that 1≤l < r≤T , then exchange the subsequences πa l:r and πb l:r between the parents
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 03c17730-e14c-40b3-8d83-ef99cf9557ea · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining This operation introduces diversity and prevents premature convergence
Reference 68
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation b23b15d1-2e89-4db3-9704-86e0d181c3ac · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining The updated population then forms the basis for the next generation
Reference 69
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation af258ba9-0be5-4e55-ad45-dc83d3d26500 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Unresolved cited work
Reference 70
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 85ae5941-c52d-4bbc-9515-43189317bf57 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Unresolved cited work
Reference 71
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation bf735fc0-c025-4ee1-acb3-b85f6c372853 · outbound
Estimating the Effects of Sample Training Orders for Large Language Models without Retraining Unresolved cited work
Reference 72
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.