Pith. sign in

REVIEW 3 major objections 4 minor 46 references

Distributed system perspective on Backscatter systems

T0 review · 3 major / 4 minor · reviewed 2026-08-07 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

Pith's one-line read Backscatter communication, in which battery-free tags reflect ambient radio waves, is essentially a distributed system; the paper argues that mature distributed-systems methods can be applied to its reliability, interference, delay, and…

desk verdict A readable backscatter survey wearing a distributed-systems label, but the promised transfer of distributed systems theory is asserted, not shown. read the letter →

arxiv 2506.04833 v1 pith:Y7WFZR3M submitted 2025-06-05 cs.DC

Jincheng Guan , Jun Zhang This is my paper
classification cs.DC
keywords backscattercommunicationdistributedsystemsInternetofThingsambientWi-FiRFIDtimesynchronizationwirelesssensornetworks
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

Backscatter communication lets battery-free tags and sensors encode data by reflecting ambient radio waves instead of transmitting their own. The paper argues that such a network is essentially a distributed system and that the theories and technologies of distributed systems can be applied to it, with the payoff of solving reliability, interference, delay, and synchronization problems. Accordingly, the paper surveys backscatter fundamentals, classifies backscatter architectures and protocols under distributed-systems headings, and maps open problems such as symbol-level synchronization, dense-network interference, consistency, and fault tolerance onto the distributed-systems research program. A sympathetic reader would take from this a research agenda: borrow mature distributed-systems results, adapt them to energy-starved passive nodes, and test them on backscatter hardware.

What carries the argument

The central object is the distributed backscatter network as an analytic category: a multi-tier collection of end-user sensing nodes, relay nodes, edge/gateway nodes, and a cloud server, connected by reflected RF signals rather than active radios. The paper's move is to treat the shared wireless channel as the network, node energy and role differences as resource classification, and existing mechanisms—Backscatter-CSMA, slotted ALOHA, distributed TDMA/FDMA, flooding and gossip routing, distributed caching, edge aggregation, SyncScatter-style synchronization, NetScatter-style large-scale coordination—as instances of distributed-system mechanisms. This category is what lets the paper import distributed-systems vocabulary and theories into backscatter research and organize the survey around them.

What would settle it

One concrete test would be to take a standard distributed-system protocol, such as a replicated state machine or a consensus algorithm, run it on a small backscatter testbed, and see whether it can complete agreement among, say, three battery-free tags under ambient RF power while maintaining symbol-level timing. If no such protocol can finish a single round of agreement, the paper's proposed transfer from distributed-systems theory to backscatter hardware would need substantial qualification.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

The paper's central claim, stated in Section I, is that the backscatter system is essentially a distributed system. It treats the three-tier RF-source/node/receiver structure as a distributed architecture, organizes existing backscatter work into distributed MAC, routing, spectrum management, data aggregation, caching, edge computing, and resource classification, and argues that mature distributed-systems theories can address reliability, interference management, delay, and synchronization while significantly improving performance. The paper also catalogs five architecture types—single-reader, dual-base, ambient, LoRa backscatter, and wirelessly powered—and identifies security and consistency challenges such as lightweight encryption, physical-layer security, data consistency, and fault tolerance. The contribution is the reclassification and the survey, not an experiment; no generic distributed algorithm is instantiated on backscatter hardware in the paper.

Load-bearing premise

The load-bearing premise is that standard distributed-systems abstractions—consensus, synchronization, consistency, replication, fault tolerance—transfer intact to passive, energy-limited backscatter nodes that share an analog wireless channel and need symbol-level timing; the paper asserts this transfer in Section I but gives no worked example of a generic distributed algorithm implemented on backscatter hardware.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • Reliability techniques such as redundant deployment, data replication, and functional backup can improve backscatter network survivability under node failure or link disruption.
  • Interference in dense backscatter deployments can be treated as a distributed resource-allocation problem, with channel selection, interference-aware modulation, and successive interference cancellation as design levers.
  • Symbol-level synchronization, a core bottleneck, becomes a target for low-power, fault-tolerant time-synchronization protocols.
  • Data management can lean on distributed aggregation, caching, and edge computing to cut per-node storage and communication overhead.
  • Scalability can be pursued through distributed MAC and multi-hop routing rather than centralized control, matching the decentralized character of backscatter nodes.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • The paper leaves implicit that the mapping is not guaranteed: classic distributed-systems abstractions assume active radios, clocks, and storage, which passive backscatter nodes may lack; the next step is instantiating one generic algorithm, such as consensus or a replicated log, on a battery-free testbed.
  • If the mapping holds, a concrete research program opens: port remaining classic algorithms—clock synchronization, leader election, distributed consensus—to symbol-level timing and energy-harvesting constraints, then benchmark them against existing backscatter protocols.
  • The surveyed layered architecture suggests environmental monitoring as the most plausible first large-scale deployment, because it already combines distributed aggregation, fiber-optic sensing, and passive nodes in a single application space.
  • A quantitative comparison of one backscatter protocol family against distributed-systems metrics—consistency, availability, partition tolerance, synchronization error—would turn the survey's reclassification into a testable research agenda.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

3 major / 4 minor

Summary. This manuscript is a survey of backscatter communication systems framed from a distributed-systems perspective. It argues that backscatter systems are 'essentially' distributed systems because they consist of large numbers of low-power, dispersed nodes, and it claims that applying distributed-systems theories and technologies can solve problems of reliability, interference, delay, and synchronization. The paper reviews the fundamentals of backscatter, proposes a taxonomy of protocols, data management, and resources under distributed headings, describes several architecture examples, surveys applications, and lists challenges and future directions.

Significance. The paper is best understood as an organizing survey rather than a technical contribution. Its potential value lies in bringing distributed-systems vocabulary to backscatter research and in bundling a broad set of references (SyncScatter, NetScatter, BackFi, LoRea, etc.) under a common framing. If the central transfer claim were substantiated, the paper could serve as a roadmap for applying mature distributed-systems results to battery-free networks. As written, however, the paper does not instantiate any generic distributed algorithm on backscatter hardware, and its own challenges section explicitly lists synchronization and coordination as unsolved. The taxonomy is readable and the reference list is useful, but the load-bearing claim that existing distributed-systems theory can be transferred remains an assertion. The paper does not provide machine-checked proofs or reproducible artifacts, which are not expected for a survey, but it also does not provide the concrete mapping that would make the survey's central thesis persuasive.

major comments (3)
  1. [Section I, last paragraph] The central assertion—'Applying the theories and technologies of distributed systems to the backscattering system can solve problems such as reliability, interference management, delay and synchronization'—is never instantiated. Section III catalogs backscatter-specific protocols (CSMA, slotted ALOHA, NetScatter, SyncScatter, LoRea) under distributed-systems headings, but a catalog is not a transfer argument. No generic distributed algorithm (e.g., Paxos/Raft, Lamport clocks, distributed mutual exclusion, or a replicated state machine) is shown to run on the passive-node model described in Section II and Section III.C.1, where nodes have no active transmitter, rely on harvested energy, and share an analog carrier. Without at least one concrete mapping of a standard distributed-systems primitive onto backscatter constraints, the paper's thesis reduces to re-labeling existing backscatter protocols as 'distributed systems work.'
  2. [Section V.B.1] Section V.B.1 explicitly states that achieving efficient and robust synchronization under resource constraints 'remains a core design challenge' and that backscatter requires 'symbol-level or even sub-symbol-level timing precision.' This directly undercuts the Section I claim that distributed-systems theory can solve synchronization problems. The paper should reconcile these statements, for example by distinguishing physical-layer synchronization from higher-level logical coordination and stating which distributed-systems results, if any, apply to the former. As written, the reader is left with a contradiction between the promised benefit and the paper's own assessment of the field.
  3. [Abstract and Section I, second paragraph] The paper claims that existing research 'rarely conducts studies and analyses from a distributed perspective,' but this claim is contradicted by the paper's own references. SyncScatter [10], NetScatter [16], BackFi [4], LoRea [38], the distributed MAC protocol of [6], and the distributed backscatter systems of [40] are all distributed protocols or systems. If the authors mean something more specific, such as 'few surveys frame the field using distributed-systems terminology,' they should say that and support it with a focused comparison of prior surveys (e.g., [19], [30], [41]). Absent that, the novelty claim is unsupported and the paper's contribution is only terminological.
minor comments (4)
  1. [Section III.A] In the bullet on random propagation mechanisms, the phrase 'which improving information dissemination efficiency' should read 'which improves information dissemination efficiency.'
  2. [Section III.C] The opening sentence uses 'reverse scattering node resources'; this should be 'backscatter node resources' for consistency with the rest of the paper.
  3. [References] Reference [29] ('Systematic review of fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing: Advancements, applications, and challenges.') is incomplete; it lacks publication venue, year, and page/article information.
  4. [Section IV.A] The paragraph on DAS and DTS is not tied to specific references; adding citation markers for [12] and [29] at the relevant sentences would improve verifiability.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No circular derivation: the paper is a survey that categorizes existing backscatter protocols under distributed-system headings; its central transfer claim is asserted rather than derived, which is an evidential gap, not circularity.

full rationale

This manuscript is a survey, not a derivation or prediction pipeline. It contains no fitted parameters, no equations, and no quantities predicted from fitted inputs, so the fitted-input-called-prediction and self-definitional patterns do not apply. The central claim in Section I ('the backscatter system is essentially a distributed system' and 'applying the theories and technologies of distributed systems ... can solve problems such as reliability, interference management, delay and synchronization') is a framing assertion: the paper supports the classification by listing characteristics (low power, many dispersed nodes) and then catalogs existing backscatter protocols (BackFi, NetScatter, SyncScatter, LoRea, etc.) under distributed-systems categories such as distributed MAC, routing, and data aggregation. This is re-labeling or organizing prior work, but the paper presents it as a survey contribution, not as a result derived from first principles. The cited external references carry the taxonomy, and the paper contains no load-bearing self-citation chain: the authors do not cite their own prior work as authority for the central premise. The paper's own admitted limitation — Section V.B.1 states that 'achieving efficient and robust synchronization under resource constraints remains a core design challenge' — undercuts the promise that mature distributed-systems theory is directly applicable, but an unsupported or overclaimed assertion is a correctness or evidence concern, not circularity. No step in the paper reduces, by construction or by self-citation, to its own input, so the appropriate finding is no significant circularity.

Assumptions & free parameters 0 free parameters · 2 assumptions · 0 invented entities

No equations or fitted parameters appear, and no new entities are postulated. The load-bearing assumptions are the classification of backscatter as a distributed system and the transferability of distributed systems theory; both are plausible but unproven within the paper. The references provide external grounding for the taxonomy, not for the transfer claim.

assumptions (2)
  • domain assumption A backscatter network qualifies as a distributed system under standard definitions.
    Section I and Section III assert that backscatter systems have distributed characteristics (large node count, decentralized management, heterogeneity) but do not formalize the distributed system definition or prove the mapping. The survey's thesis rests on this classification.
  • ad hoc to paper Existing distributed systems theories can be transferred to backscatter resource constraints and solve reliability, interference, delay, and synchronization problems.
    Section I states 'Applying the theories and technologies of distributed systems to the backscattering system can solve problems...' with no worked example, adaptation, or feasibility analysis anywhere in the paper.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Distributed system perspective on Backscatter systems." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/Y7WFZR3M

@misc{pith2026250604833,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Distributed system perspective on Backscatter systems},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/Y7WFZR3M}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2506.04833}
}
read the original abstract

Backscatter system is a system based on backscatter communication technology, which is a low cost, low power consumption and easy to deploy communication technology. At present, the backscatter technology is mainly applied to RFID tags and the Internet of Things and other fields. With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the application of backscatter systems is increasing. Moreover, the backscatter system is essentially a distributed system, but existing research rarely conducts studies and analyses from a distributed perspective. This paper conducts a study on the backscattering system from the perspective of distributed systems, comprehensively reviewing the basic principles of the backscattering system, and analyzing the distributed system architectures of different backscattering systems. Then, it introduces the application scenarios, research status and challenges of the backscattering system, and finally discusses the future research directions of the backscattering system, hoping to provide references for future research.

Discussion (0). Sign in to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

46 extracted references · 46 canonical work pages

  1. [10]

    In 18th USENIX symposium on networked systems design and implemen- tation (NSDI 21), pages 923–937, 2021

    Manideep Dunna, Miao Meng, Po-Han Wang, Chi Zhang, Patrick Mercier, and Dinesh Bharadia.{SyncScatter}: Enabling{WiFi}like synchronization and range for{WiFi}backscatter communication. In 18th USENIX symposium on networked systems design and implemen- tation (NSDI 21), pages 923–937, 2021

    work page 2021

  2. [16]

    In16th USENIX Sym- posium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 19), pages 271–284, 2019

    Mehrdad Hessar, Ali Najafi, and Shyamnath Gollakota.{NetScatter}: Enabling{Large-Scale}backscatter networks. In16th USENIX Sym- posium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 19), pages 271–284, 2019

    work page 2019

  3. [4]

    Backfi: High throughput wifi backscatter.ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 45(4):283–296, 2015

    Dinesh Bharadia, Kiran Raj Joshi, Manikanta Kotaru, and Sachin Katti. Backfi: High throughput wifi backscatter.ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 45(4):283–296, 2015

    work page 2015

  4. [38]

    Lorea: A backscatter architecture that achieves a long communication range

    Ambuj Varshney, Oliver Harms, Carlos P ´erez-Penichet, Christian Rohner, Frederik Hermans, and Thiemo V oigt. Lorea: A backscatter architecture that achieves a long communication range. InProceedings of the 15th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems, pages 1–14, 2017

    work page 2017

  5. [6]

    A distributed ambient backscatter mac protocol for internet-of-things networks.IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 7(2):1488– 1501, 2019

    Xuelin Cao, Zuxun Song, Bo Yang, Mohamed A ElMossallamy, Lijun Qian, and Zhu Han. A distributed ambient backscatter mac protocol for internet-of-things networks.IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 7(2):1488– 1501, 2019

    work page 2019

  6. [40]

    A distributed wireless backscatter system for iot

    Zhimin Wang, Xu Jia, Zhijie Ma, and Yizhu Xiong. A distributed wireless backscatter system for iot. InInternational Conference on Signal Processing, Computer Networks, and Communications (SPCNC 2022), volume 12626, pages 352–358. SPIE, 2023

    work page 2022

  7. [19]

    Backscatter communication meets practical battery-free internet of things: A survey and outlook.IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 25(3):2021–2051, 2023

    Tao Jiang, Yu Zhang, Wenyuan Ma, Miaoran Peng, Yuxiang Peng, Mingjie Feng, and Guanghua Liu. Backscatter communication meets practical battery-free internet of things: A survey and outlook.IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 25(3):2021–2051, 2023

    work page 2021

  8. [30]

    An overview on backscatter commu- nications.Journal of communications and information networks, 4(2):1– 14, 2019

    Jin-Ping Niu and Geoffrey Ye Li. An overview on backscatter commu- nications.Journal of communications and information networks, 4(2):1– 14, 2019

    work page 2019

  9. [41]

    Practical backscatter communication systems for battery-free internet of things: A tutorial and survey of recent research.IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 35(5):16– 27, 2018

    Chenren Xu, Lei Yang, and Pengyu Zhang. Practical backscatter communication systems for battery-free internet of things: A tutorial and survey of recent research.IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 35(5):16– 27, 2018

    work page 2018

Show all 46 references
  1. [1]

    Advancements in iot system security: a reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and backscatter communication approach.The Journal of Supercomputing, 81(2):362, 2025

    Syed Zain Ul Abideen, Abdul Wahid, Mian Muhammad Kamal, Nouman Imtiaz, Nabila Sehito, Yousef Ibrahim Daradkeh, Mahmoud Ahmad Al- Khasawneh, Abdullah Alwabli, and Inam Ullah. Advancements in iot system security: a reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and backscatter communicatio...

    2025

  2. [2]

    Energy-efficient data aggre- gation techniques in wireless sensor networks

    Atul Kumar Agnihotri and Vishal Awasthi. Energy-efficient data aggre- gation techniques in wireless sensor networks. InDoctoral Symposium on Computational Intelligence, pages 165–179. Springer, 2024

    2024

  3. [3]

    Consistency models in distributed sys- tems: A survey on definitions, disciplines, challenges and applications

    Hesam Nejati Sharif Aldin, Hossein Deldari, Mohammad Hossein Moat- tar, and Mostafa Razavi Ghods. Consistency models in distributed sys- tems: A survey on definitions, disciplines, challenges and applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.03305, 2019

    1902 arXiv

  4. [5]

    Direct path interference suppression requirements for bistatic backscatter communication system

    Ritayan Biswas, Muhammad Usman Sheikh, H ¨useyin Yi ˘gitler, Jukka Lempi¨ainen, and Riku J ¨antti. Direct path interference suppression requirements for bistatic backscatter communication system. In2021 IEEE 93rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Spring), pages 1–5. IEEE, 2021

    2021

  5. [7]

    A survey of millimeter wave backscatter communication systems.Computer Networks, 242:110235, 2024

    Weilin Chen, Wei Yang, and Wei Gong. A survey of millimeter wave backscatter communication systems.Computer Networks, 242:110235, 2024

    2024

  6. [8]

    Sungjae Cho, Yoonsu Kim, Jaewoong Jang, and Inseok Hwang. Ai- to-human actuation: Boosting unmodified ai’s robustness by proactively inducing favorable human sensing conditions.Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, 7(1):1– 32, 2023

    2023

  7. [9]

    Adap- tive resource allocation in noma-enabled backscatter communications systems.Int J Inf & Commun Technol, 13(1):67–79, 2024

    Deepa Das, Rajendra Kumar Khadanga, and Deepak Kumar Rout. Adap- tive resource allocation in noma-enabled backscatter communications systems.Int J Inf & Commun Technol, 13(1):67–79, 2024

    2024

  8. [11]

    Joshua F Ensworth and Matthew S Reynolds. Ble-backscatter: Ultralow- power iot nodes compatible with bluetooth 4.0 low energy (ble) smart- phones and tablets.IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 65(9):3360–3368, 2017

    2017

  9. [12]

    G Failleau, O Beaumont, S Delepine-Lesoille, S Plumeri, R Razouk, YL Beck, JM H ´enault, J Bertrand, and B Hay. Development of facilities and methods for the metrological characterization of distributed temperature sensing systems based on optical fibres.Measurement Science an...

    2016

  10. [13]

    Act before another is aware: Safeguarding backscatter systems with covert communications.IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 12(6):1106–1110, 2023

    Bowen Gu, Hao Xie, and Dong Li. Act before another is aware: Safeguarding backscatter systems with covert communications.IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 12(6):1106–1110, 2023

    2023

  11. [14]

    Hybrid backscatter communication for iot devices in remote areas.Heliyon, 9(12), 2023

    Gunjan Gupta and Vipin Balyan. Hybrid backscatter communication for iot devices in remote areas.Heliyon, 9(12), 2023

    2023

  12. [15]

    Wirelessly powered backscatter communication networks: Modeling, coverage, and capacity.IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 16(4):2548–2561, 2017

    Kaifeng Han and Kaibin Huang. Wirelessly powered backscatter communication networks: Modeling, coverage, and capacity.IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 16(4):2548–2561, 2017

    2017

  13. [17]

    A physical layer security enhancement scheme under the ambient backscatter system.Symmetry, 13(1):5, 2020

    Pengfei Hou, Jianping Gong, and Jumin Zhao. A physical layer security enhancement scheme under the ambient backscatter system.Symmetry, 13(1):5, 2020

    2020

  14. [18]

    Yudian Huang, Meng Li, F Richard Yu, Pengbo Si, Haijun Zhang, and Junfei Qiao. Resources scheduling for ambient backscatter communication-based intelligent iiot: A collective deep reinforcement learning method.IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, 10(2)...

    2023

  15. [20]

    Enhanced physical layer security for full-duplex symbi- otic radio with an generation and forward noise suppression.IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2024

    Chi Jin, Zheng Chang, Fengye Hu, Hsiao-Hwa Chen, and Timo H¨am¨al¨ainen. Enhanced physical layer security for full-duplex symbi- otic radio with an generation and forward noise suppression.IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2024

    2024

  16. [21]

    Direct link interfer- ence suppression for bistatic backscatter communication in distributed mimo.IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 23(2):1024– 1036, 2023

    Ahmet Kaplan, Joao Vieira, and Erik G Larsson. Direct link interfer- ence suppression for bistatic backscatter communication in distributed mimo.IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 23(2):1024– 1036, 2023

    2023

  17. [22]

    Secrecy performance analysis of backscatter communications with side information.Sensors, 23(20):8358, 2023

    Masoud Kaveh, Farshad Rostami Ghadi, Riku J ¨antti, and Zheng Yan. Secrecy performance analysis of backscatter communications with side information.Sensors, 23(20):8358, 2023

    2023

  18. [23]

    Passive{Wi-Fi}: Bringing low power to{Wi-Fi}transmissions

    Bryce Kellogg, Vamsi Talla, Shyamnath Gollakota, and Joshua R Smith. Passive{Wi-Fi}: Bringing low power to{Wi-Fi}transmissions. In13th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 16), pages 151–164, 2016

    2016

  19. [24]

    Fault tolerance in distributed systems: A survey

    Abdeldjalil Ledmi, Hakim Bendjenna, and Sofiane Mounine Hemam. Fault tolerance in distributed systems: A survey. In2018 3rd Interna- tional Conference on Pattern Analysis and Intelligent Systems (PAIS), pages 1–5. IEEE, 2018

    2018

  20. [25]

    A survey on internet of things: Architecture, enabling technologies, security and privacy, and applications.IEEE internet of things journal, 4(5):1125–1142, 2017

    Jie Lin, Wei Yu, Nan Zhang, Xinyu Yang, Hanlin Zhang, and Wei Zhao. A survey on internet of things: Architecture, enabling technologies, security and privacy, and applications.IEEE internet of things journal, 4(5):1125–1142, 2017

    2017

  21. [26]

    Ambient backscatter: Wireless com- munication out of thin air.ACM SIGCOMM computer communication review, 43(4):39–50, 2013

    Vincent Liu, Aaron Parks, Vamsi Talla, Shyamnath Gollakota, David Wetherall, and Joshua R Smith. Ambient backscatter: Wireless com- munication out of thin air.ACM SIGCOMM computer communication review, 43(4):39–50, 2013

    2013

  22. [27]

    Next generation backscatter communication: systems, techniques, and applications.EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2019(1):1–11, 2019

    Wanchun Liu, Kaibin Huang, Xiangyun Zhou, and Salman Durrani. Next generation backscatter communication: systems, techniques, and applications.EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2019(1):1–11, 2019

    2019

  23. [28]

    Ambient backscatter assisted wireless powered communications

    Xiao Lu, Dusit Niyato, Hai Jiang, Dong In Kim, Yong Xiao, and Zhu Han. Ambient backscatter assisted wireless powered communications. IEEE Wireless Communications, 25(2):170–177, 2018

    2018

  24. [29]

    Systematic review of fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing: Advance- ments, applications, and challenges.Applications, and Challenges

    Arni Munira Markom, Suhairi Saharudin, and Mohd Hafizulfika Hisham. Systematic review of fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing: Advance- ments, applications, and challenges.Applications, and Challenges

  25. [31]

    Turbocharging ambient backscatter communication.ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 44(4):619–630, 2014

    Aaron N Parks, Angli Liu, Shyamnath Gollakota, and Joshua R Smith. Turbocharging ambient backscatter communication.ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 44(4):619–630, 2014

    2014

  26. [32]

    Analyzing the scalability of bi- static backscatter networks for large scale applications.IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, 2024

    Kartik Patel, Junbo Zhang, John Kimionis, Lefteris Kampianakis, Michael S Eggleston, and Jinfeng Du. Analyzing the scalability of bi- static backscatter networks for large scale applications.IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, 2024

    2024

  27. [33]

    Plora: A passive long- range data network from ambient lora transmissions

    Yao Peng, Longfei Shangguan, Yue Hu, Yujie Qian, Xianshang Lin, Xiaojiang Chen, Dingyi Fang, and Kyle Jamieson. Plora: A passive long- range data network from ambient lora transmissions. InProceedings of the 2018 conference of the ACM special interest group on data communicati...

    2018

  28. [34]

    Enhancing iot security: an innovative key management system for lightweight block ciphers.Sensors, 23(18):7678, 2023

    Muhammad Rana, Quazi Mamun, and Rafiqul Islam. Enhancing iot security: an innovative key management system for lightweight block ciphers.Sensors, 23(18):7678, 2023

    2023

  29. [35]

    Raffaele Salvati, Valentina Palazzi, Luca Roselli, Federico Alimenti, and Paolo Mezzanotte. Emerging backscattering technologies for wireless sensing in harsh environments: unlocking the potential of rfid-based backscattering for reliable wireless sensing in challenging enviro...

    2023

  30. [36]

    Advances in wirelessly powered backscatter communications: From antenna/rf circuitry design to printed flexible electronics.Proceed- ings of the IEEE, 110(1):171–192, 2021

    Chaoyun Song, Yuan Ding, Aline Eid, Jimmy GD Hester, Xuanke He, Ryan Bahr, Apostolos Georgiadis, George Goussetis, and Manos M Tentzeris. Advances in wirelessly powered backscatter communications: From antenna/rf circuitry design to printed flexible electronics.Proceed- ings o...

    2021

  31. [37]

    Lora backscatter: Enabling the vision of ubiquitous connectivity.Proceedings of the ACM on interactive, mobile, wearable and ubiquitous technologies, 1(3):1–24, 2017

    Vamsi Talla, Mehrdad Hessar, Bryce Kellogg, Ali Najafi, Joshua R Smith, and Shyamnath Gollakota. Lora backscatter: Enabling the vision of ubiquitous connectivity.Proceedings of the ACM on interactive, mobile, wearable and ubiquitous technologies, 1(3):1–24, 2017

    2017

  32. [39]

    Efficient and reliable low-power backscatter networks.ACM SIGCOMM Com- puter Communication Review, 42(4):61–72, 2012

    Jue Wang, Haitham Hassanieh, Dina Katabi, and Piotr Indyk. Efficient and reliable low-power backscatter networks.ACM SIGCOMM Com- puter Communication Review, 42(4):61–72, 2012

    2012

  33. [42]

    Cooperative ambient backscatter communications for green internet-of-things.IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 5(2):1116–1130, 2018

    Gang Yang, Qianqian Zhang, and Ying-Chang Liang. Cooperative ambient backscatter communications for green internet-of-things.IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 5(2):1116–1130, 2018

    2018

  34. [43]

    Yinghui Ye, Liqin Shi, Xiaoli Chu, Rose Qingyang Hu, and Guangyue Lu. Resource allocation in backscatter-assisted wireless powered mec networks with limited mec computation capacity.IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 21(12):10678–10694, 2022

    2022

  35. [44]

    Sens- ing and backscatter communication integration: Realizing efficiency in wireless systems for iot.arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.06888, 2023

    Shayan Zargari, Diluka Galappaththige, and Chintha Tellambura. Sens- ing and backscatter communication integration: Realizing efficiency in wireless systems for iot.arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.06888, 2023

    2023 arXiv

  36. [45]

    Hitch- hike: Practical backscatter using commodity wifi

    Pengyu Zhang, Dinesh Bharadia, Kiran Joshi, and Sachin Katti. Hitch- hike: Practical backscatter using commodity wifi. InProceedings of the 14th ACM conference on embedded network sensor systems CD-ROM, pages 259–271, 2016

    2016

  37. [46]

    Towards scalable backscat- ter sensor mesh with decodable relay and distributed excitation

    Jia Zhao, Wei Gong, and Jiangchuan Liu. Towards scalable backscat- ter sensor mesh with decodable relay and distributed excitation. In Proceedings of the 18th international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services, pages 67–79, 2020

    2020

Pith tools

Reviewed August 7, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.