Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T04:54:26.160193Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 64 of 64 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.09445.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T04:54:26.160193Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-14T19:27:29.843866Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-15T20:50:17.341265Z
64 of 64 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 295dd0d9-aa54-4642-ade9-a0719bb25b76 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Lawrence Zitnick, and Devi Parikh
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation dbfd2f08-e292-4686-afd5-270197474f72 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Collecting highly parallel data for paraphrase evaluation
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 69255cb3-6be0-487e-900b-675897cbf0dc · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision ReXTime: A Benchmark Suite for Reasoning-Across-Time in Videos
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 90400441-fc8e-40fe-9c8b-3998db443ccb · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Panda-70m: Captioning 70m videos with multiple cross-modality teachers, 2024
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 6185ed6d-c959-4901-950d-7ca6a72578a8 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision VideoLLaMA 2: Advancing Spatial-Temporal Modeling and Audio Understanding in Video-LLMs
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d8b9c55e-899b-4743-a83d-9e8ca37bae95 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Activitynet: A large-scale video bench- mark for human activity understanding
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 398bbdde-d18c-4de5-b979-78f40a9cd347 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video2Commonsense: Generating Commonsense Descriptions to Enrich Video Captioning
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation f88788a8-7de8-4a93-a3c9-6c1371b03331 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Slowfast networks for video recognition
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 1df26929-12ed-4478-9ee8-ccdb9c334890 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Knowit vqa: Answering knowledge-based ques- tions about videos
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 8df026c7-8c35-489e-b126-318d61e725f8 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Making the v in vqa matter: Elevating the role of image understanding in visual question answering.Int
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 842d6db9-0eb5-4b53-80ff-7aa67f8fdd71 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Question generation via overgenerating transformations and ranking.DTIC Doc- ument, 2009
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 13654fdb-269d-40ae-ba16-66444ae84746 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Lita: Language instructed temporal-localization assistant
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation abf0ed84-e72e-40fa-9906-adf2804bde05 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Tgif-qa: Toward spatio-temporal reasoning in visual question answering
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 6a85ecbe-79f8-4846-9e38-94921541bd3d · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video question answering with spatio-temporal reasoning.IJCV, 2019
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 17d00146-0b54-4bb2-a0c2-c15f28ee0375 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video question answering with spatio-temporal reasoning.Int
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 396bfc1d-bd7f-46a5-9bdc-f94a35de442d · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Unresolved cited work
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 989df242-7993-46d1-956d-025e065fe126 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Chat-UniVi: Unified Visual Representation Empowers Large Language Models with Image and Video Understanding
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a947470e-043f-4e9f-802f-60f82cec8818 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Slow-fast auditory streams for audio recogni- tion
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 317d255f-cf6f-4107-98aa-938d7e1a3fd4 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Open-vocabulary video question answering: A new benchmark for evaluating the generaliz- ability of video question answering models
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 27941dcf-fb06-4b19-9303-447e49a28a46 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Dense-captioning events in videos,
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6c7564c8-9381-41f9-a311-96fe165a6d9b · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Meteor: an automatic met- ric for mt evaluation with high levels of correlation with hu- man judgments
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 0a497587-db97-46b0-9033-2e8a78d6e4ea · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 7a3d4347-22c3-45f6-b5e3-5d413ca918bc · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Berg, and Mohit Bansal
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation dafab7fb-eddf-4b09-a8f5-610c60bdfd5c · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision VideoChat: Chat-Centric Video Understanding
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4e198a4e-1809-45a8-b7bf-6613d7c96de8 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Equivariant and invariant grounding for video question an- swering
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 75daa1ab-0f59-4c5e-956e-4b331188f5b0 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before Projection
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9ebd6a51-b375-459c-9fd8-2d3e7399286d · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Visual instruction tuning, 2023
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation d6b62272-aa05-49f2-ab5c-7b48a399a281 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 19ff832e-c4df-4b85-97a6-f8774ebcc7b1 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video-chatgpt: Towards detailed video understanding via large vision and language models, 2024
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 4f627028-808f-422f-810c-eca3d299bd70 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision The surprising effectiveness of multimodal large language models for video moment retrieval, 2024
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 64856e89-4e94-41d9-8ee4-9d815b6b4fc7 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Exploration of masked and causal language mod- elling for text generation, 2024
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 309208f7-276d-4872-aad0-e50276115ceb · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 2b130726-f460-4ba1-a023-f63a332b68aa · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Gpt-4 technical report, 2024
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation dcc712b2-7a5c-4c81-b8c9-28be9b8543f1 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Streaming long video understanding with large language models.Advances in Neu- ral Information Processing Systems, 37:119336–119360,
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e2332bd5-d03b-4bf1-8ac9-518fed5ec492 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision, 2021
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 269d11b5-0262-487a-a750-ea1ff097651f · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Designing network design spaces
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation bd97e098-8a9c-4d4d-b5ed-441402fe2cb8 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Concept- net 5.5: an open multilingual graph of general knowledge
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 2283dc94-5ee1-4a52-abc1-d9a008a36dbf · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Vipergpt: Visual inference via python execution for reasoning
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 3e38dfc3-968c-4ec3-a0e9-8650d27c77b9 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Movieqa: Understanding stories in movies through question- answering
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 63986425-5191-4e5d-9ebc-9770e7241a2a · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Gemini: A family of highly capable multi- modal models, 2024
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 65feca4f-fa28-4416-864c-9f761a81bdd5 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Llama: Open and efficient foundation lan- guage models, 2023
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation dedf4efa-c102-4797-b018-9d9b7f70afe7 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Grounded-videollm: Sharpening fine-grained tem- poral grounding in video large language models, 2024
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 6441a79e-3fa6-448a-ac90-99b4a81b0d0b · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision VideoAgent: Long-form Video Understanding with Large Language Model as Agent
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 392bf377-9646-4ff1-87ec-15f8401b57b1 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision VideoTree: Adaptive Tree-based Video Representation for LLM Reasoning on Long Videos
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b0beb357-0bc5-4803-9b93-2e37a27c3837 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision STAR: A Benchmark for Situated Reasoning in Real-World Videos
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1e07e1e8-ef33-45b4-90a0-73e24488a849 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Number it: Temporal grounding videos like flipping manga,
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 1e498db1-61bb-4662-9211-c4c727c6e716 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Audiovisual SlowFast Networks for Video Recognition
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 94bc6eb1-5e3c-4cc2-9075-a3ab29bb0e25 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Next-qa:next phase of question-answering to explaining tem- poral actions, 2021
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 07a5d2d2-f1e6-42d7-9258-5a7156cc420c · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Videoqa in the era of llms: An empirical study, 2024
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 7da56493-0950-461d-b803-f649a5524bdd · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Can i trust your answer? visually grounded video question answering
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation ac06e2f6-e250-43bf-89dd-d33edce741c7 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video question answer- ing via gradually refined attention over appearance and mo- tion
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 1cc3b771-f2bf-4bc6-8df1-6f1759cfc0c1 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video question answer- ing via gradually refined attention over appearance and mo- tion
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 3d3537fb-8c5e-40a6-aa05-71d250a2ec1c · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Zero-shot video question answering via frozen bidirectional language models
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 67ab510d-630e-44c0-b607-603febc1636d · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Tubedetr: Spatio-temporal video ground- ing with transformers
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 87a72b27-beb8-4b75-98a7-8558e7049f72 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Self-chained image-language model for video localization and question answering
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 0e2d1948-2c99-4c33-8452-57918793584d · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Activitynet-qa: A dataset for understanding complex web videos via question answering
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 04154e34-90dd-4a1d-91ae-9313f0881b31 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision A sim- ple llm framework for long-range video question-answering,
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4328a720-fb21-4fd0-8d8e-c73098de5137 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video-LLaMA: An Instruction-tuned Audio-Visual Language Model for Video Understanding
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3cd26946-7f05-47c6-aecf-50432a7d58eb · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision LLaMA-Adapter: Efficient Fine-tuning of Language Models with Zero-init Attention
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 45455f66-1722-427d-af2a-559d5503c96e · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Video question answering: Datasets, algorithms and challenges, 2022
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 82184906-7451-42ee-8420-da441870c981 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Training Details The additional settings we use, including hyperparameters and implementation details, are shown in Tab
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation d0128375-3087-4256-98ce-522db323b035 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision Multi-scale vision-language connector In this section, we conduct ablations on the MS-VLC and analyze the performance under various conditions
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 9deab42f-f34e-431b-bc13-70d52a8a980a · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision We achieve a METEOR score of 0.498 on the ActivityNet-QA dataset
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 7b8ccd30-91db-4a43-8fd3-0ba1f9bf4de2 · outbound
TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision 1 and the ActivityNet dataset in Fig
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 6d894c32-3ecb-45dd-a86a-c6762ad69e19 · inbound
GraphThinker: Reinforcing Temporally Grounded Video Reasoning with Event Graph Thinking TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 23dcea82-4846-49e1-aa59-a48588907cf1 · inbound
Towards Temporal Compositional Reasoning in Long-Form Sports Videos TOGA: Temporally Grounded Open-Ended Video QA with Weak Supervision
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.