Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T19:14:02.147961Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 64 of 64 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2507.06461.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T19:14:02.147961Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
64 of 64 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation f79a0d82-b637-4041-92d2-7673974e6cc2 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding,
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation bd49efc2-168d-44a1-83bb-f4e3039d7acf · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks,
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 88e6a4cb-6968-4065-84ab-1007267a935a · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Deep Speech: Scaling up end-to-end speech recognition
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 81173203-b164-405b-a52a-2c1d6dc46b8d · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Highly accurate protein structure prediction with alphafold,
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 4960384e-ff41-4f94-887f-133332dbfcfc · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm The cost of training machines is becoming a problem,
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 993ce66f-6308-4ef9-801f-97958aeb2799 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Ai’s growing demand for data centers is threatening tech’s climate goals,
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 3fa06958-16c7-4c29-a8b7-171482d010c7 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Ai is an energy hog. this is what it means for climate change,
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 697bc13b-5d41-4bcc-b219-37897cfec9f9 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dda67f3f-5ce6-4a81-9a03-6799ddf43843 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Fully quantized network for object detection,
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 89d967aa-5263-42e3-bfb8-a16c9aad2e0b · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Puma: A programmable ultra-efficient memristor-based accelerator for machine learning inference,
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 8686fdc3-be95-4e80-8280-7d888ec03e7a · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm A survey of quantization methods for efficient neural network infer- ence,
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1de121b3-3f85-4fd4-bbfb-cb35cd653b03 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Quantized neural networks: Training neural networks with low preci- sion weights and activations,
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 1f5082e4-9ea7-4290-9257-de34ebb61386 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Learning repre- sentations by back-propagating errors,
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2ede20f7-f8ab-444b-83e1-b39afe14680a · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Hardware implementation of memristor-based artificial neural networks,
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 6afd5a28-be09-4f16-a659-0dfea657d05b · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Re- cent progress in analog memory-based accelerators for deep learning,
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation fa4e32d3-c023-46fe-82db-74d892f6d0c6 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Dot-product engine for neuro- morphic computing: Programming 1t1m crossbar to accelerate matrix- vector multiplication,
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation faad5471-4e96-42e4-a197-ea0c21d038ac · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Isaac: A con- volutional neural network accelerator with in-situ analog arithmetic in crossbars,
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation b1b52382-d9a0-483c-a45b-3417084f164f · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Learning without feedback: Fixed random learning signals allow for feedforward training of deep neural networks,
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 429b058a-7a61-4e4b-b09b-f14b5a3d3718 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm The forward-forward algorithm: Some preliminary investigations,
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 0ae689c4-1613-422f-9486-47c97b0f2482 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Signal Propagation: A Framework for Learning and Inference In a Forward Pass
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation aebc3996-f861-4251-8166-2cb7d921183a · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Error-driven input modulation: Solving the credit assignment problem without a backward pass,
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation fc765436-879e-4f50-9d56-e92b296d7407 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm One Forward is Enough for Neural Network Training via Likelihood Ratio Method
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 9b666e2b-a815-4c3d-a797-f5fc62e0bb6f · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Exploiting inherent error resiliency of deep neural networks to achieve extreme energy efficiency through mixed-signal neurons,
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 0d458e71-4fe4-404a-9fdc-8ff2b1c33ca8 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Training deep neural networks with low precision multiplications
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 51af6823-6f5b-4e76-a3a1-4ccdcc869323 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Binary Neural Networks: A Survey
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2bf43cd4-dd90-48cd-8b64-3998c2be1d94 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Probabilistic Binary Neural Networks
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 8a1be985-ce6a-40f9-9713-b472d3f7cdd7 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Accelerating binarized convolutional neural networks with software-programmable fpgas,
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 8bae45d5-69e3-4e18-b6b7-f9f056ff8d80 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Accelerating binarized neural networks: Comparison of fpga, cpu, gpu, and asic,
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation f1445d8c-7397-430f-82e9-fe8d2f0b22e6 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Deep learning binary neural network on an fpga,
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 2cc0ddc4-4a32-4163-924e-387eca6c3b8b · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Subnanosecond fluctuations in low-barrier nanomagnets,
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation a840d8e3-9bad-4d73-abc0-bf9975497755 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Convolutional channel-wise competitive learning for the forward- forward algorithm,
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation d9e1f64e-ad32-41ef-9dda-ff24f8eec1f7 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Ran- dom synaptic feedback weights support error backpropagation for deep learning,
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation bde198a3-c981-4074-af11-c2744b4afce2 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Direct Feedback Alignment Provides Learning in Deep Neural Networks
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c91c3250-efd5-449d-9bf5-93ce9b29fe64 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm The Cascaded Forward Algorithm for Neural Network Training
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 17a2b504-0c3f-45b2-9771-ce5fc289ba30 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Equilibrium propagation: Bridging the gap between energy-based models and backpropagation,
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 837f1d44-67d4-45f2-93b8-a343c82262fa · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Agnostic Physics-Driven Deep Learning
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f2f298ba-53e2-424a-9acd-2aec6a78646e · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Estimating or propagating gradients through stochastic neurons for conditional computation,
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 119f6459-540c-4b17-a78f-3628bafd8523 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Reintroducing straight-through estimators as principled methods for stochastic binary networks,
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation b53714e2-6439-4f81-989d-cb2fa4c0db6b · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Autonomous probabilistic coprocessing with petaflips per second,
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 44199a3e-577a-4ed1-8541-f472eba14888 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Probabilistic computing with p-bits,
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 7340f363-2eab-479e-97d4-583cf65f229d · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Massively Parallel Probabilistic Computing with Sparse Ising Machines
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation c59c3e8c-99a9-4bed-8de8-9aea88e94b4d · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Stochastic p-bits for invertible logic,
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 6585b84b-8597-44f8-9f93-daef609046ef · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Integer factorization using stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions,
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation a7cf6f2b-3226-4529-aa15-054389c25c0e · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm A view of the EM algorithm that justifies incremental, sparse, and other variants,
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation ab4e4ad6-46b2-449a-b51a-15c3369a3101 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0cf1a820-05d7-44ec-88a1-92a2cc2d73cb · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm The mnist database of handwritten digit images for machine learning research,
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f61cb293-d813-4dda-a69c-f3046a544067 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Fashion-mnist: a novel image dataset for benchmarking machine learning algorithms,
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 4856debe-43aa-4100-8e9e-d2474578d416 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images,
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 369398dd-8d4a-4808-8941-babe44e25e3f · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Ai and memory wall,
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 40acb3c3-4471-4b2d-a13d-adde882ee109 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Evolution of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN): Compute vs Memory bandwidth for Edge AI
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation fe81b27c-7b18-471b-9c59-ea65f44a2ee4 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm 1.1 computing’s energy problem (and what we can do about it),
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f4c5a546-8a3c-4a30-8331-30597200ddbf · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm A method to estimate the energy consumption of deep neural networks,
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation dd402896-adf8-458c-b372-d49afb5ed641 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Unresolved cited work
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation b23a1c49-fee2-4a52-9986-2a4c2549b389 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm The gradient of the Maxpool operation involves only an indexing operation through the maximum element in each patch
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 298ca6ba-f8ef-40b6-ae90-13211e704d2c · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Unresolved cited work
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 66352e1e-e3c1-41ef-9f4f-5ed111ac126b · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm goodness
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 5d7f2757-cb9a-4240-a5b1-92e2a802df78 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Unresolved cited work
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 32ed759c-ca33-420a-8ef4-2bee5a25829e · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Unresolved cited work
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation c7680e9d-9a5a-452e-b6ac-9312917d3f4b · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Rewriting the pre-activation z(ℓ)[c] to highlight these terms: z(ℓ)[c] = C(ℓ−1) X c(ℓ−1)=1 w(ℓ)[c, c(ℓ−1)] α(ℓ−1)[c(ℓ−1)] ∗ u(ℓ−1)[c(ℓ−1)] + w(ℓ)[c, c(ℓ−1)] δ(ℓ−1)[c(ℓ−1)]
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 0baf4f42-dc3f-4cfb-99fe-efc9ec428fd4 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Unresolved cited work
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation ebc4e790-1c10-48dd-bac5-c5cde866844d · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Estimating or Propagating Gradients Through Stochastic Neurons for Conditional Computation
Reference 2013
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c3f0e7b5-2e97-4834-a510-20b827c3c56c · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding
Reference 2018
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c33058fc-6fe7-43b1-9b62-44302c930db7 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Reintroducing Straight-Through Estimators as Principled Methods for Stochastic Binary Networks
Reference 2020
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation d194bbd2-7681-4319-b3d8-c7d3386eb814 · outbound
Energy-Efficient Supervised Learning with a Binary Stochastic Forward-Forward Algorithm Error-driven Input Modulation: Solving the Credit Assignment Problem without a Backward Pass
Reference 2022
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.