Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 43 of 43 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2507.20529.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2507.20529 v1

Coverage vector

measured 43 of 43 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.348279Z

measured 44 of 44 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-29T12:53:40.783281Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-29T13:03:26.885433Z

Reference resolution

43 of 43 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy8
unresolved35
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 6e8b5468-f395-419d-9244-d1ac0239f2ad · outbound

This paper cites SpatialRGPT: Grounded Spatial Reasoning in Vision Language Models.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking SpatialRGPT: Grounded Spatial Reasoning in Vision Language Models

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.171941Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation da9656cb-7018-45af-8910-01e3f889940e · outbound

This paper cites PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Model.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Model

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.177268Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 099994c9-42f5-4528-910a-d66c3848e413 · outbound

This paper cites Spatialvlm: Endowing vision-language models with spatial reasoning capabilities.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Spatialvlm: Endowing vision-language models with spatial reasoning capabilities

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.181982Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation f95802d2-3734-4585-b2b8-ceb59cbbe0d0 · outbound

This paper cites Visual instruction tuning, 2023.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Visual instruction tuning, 2023

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.186135Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 56676944-487c-4b55-a134-bf3c2fb30629 · outbound

This paper cites Improved baselines with visual instruction tuning, 2023.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Improved baselines with visual instruction tuning, 2023

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.190265Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation bee5b45e-1f2f-4785-a9b7-29c546f32e90 · outbound

This paper cites LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave: Tackling Multi-image, Video, and 3D in Large Multimodal Models.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave: Tackling Multi-image, Video, and 3D in Large Multimodal Models

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.194309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3d7ac006-2f0c-4d91-8c1e-68376eef744d · outbound

This paper cites LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.199206Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e59a3a24-09fe-458f-b91c-64ec11564fba · outbound

This paper cites Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyond.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Qwen-VL: A Versatile Vision-Language Model for Understanding, Localization, Text Reading, and Beyond

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.203594Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b5437c73-d56e-4b0d-b296-1c66f7b1bebf · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolution.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolution

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.207857Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b5c453ef-d1d7-470a-a9c1-cacebbafaabd · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.212022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0cd1231b-ee16-445b-be4a-9b70a2e6fcf5 · outbound

This paper cites Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scaling.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scaling

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.216425Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5dcba726-8366-4b2e-8504-a8cfdc74383d · outbound

This paper cites How Far Are We to GPT-4V? Closing the Gap to Commercial Multimodal Models with Open-Source Suites.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking How Far Are We to GPT-4V? Closing the Gap to Commercial Multimodal Models with Open-Source Suites

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.220483Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4b70842f-48f6-4f53-bfda-9a1d33186f6a · outbound

This paper cites Internvl: Scaling up vision foundation models and aligning for generic visual-linguistic tasks.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Internvl: Scaling up vision foundation models and aligning for generic visual-linguistic tasks

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.224690Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a3e73067-eae9-4a4e-b07d-89de312aa068 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.228774Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fc50dd51-038b-4e7f-9e5f-3f577e593fa6 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4o System Card.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking GPT-4o System Card

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.232915Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 094c6690-75ac-47f4-a864-07e5aa36828e · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.237063Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d4ba45ae-580e-4051-8e4f-ddf3b43c7064 · outbound

This paper cites Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.241257Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 25302f15-b159-4451-b2d7-9aff49fd01c2 · outbound

This paper cites Visual spatial reasoning.Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 11:635–651, 2023.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Visual spatial reasoning.Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 11:635–651, 2023

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.245396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 56c4b939-34b3-4254-a79d-651cf201efa1 · outbound

This paper cites Navigating to objects in the real world.Science Robotics, 8(79):eadf6991, 2023.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Navigating to objects in the real world.Science Robotics, 8(79):eadf6991, 2023

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.824661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ca75790d-085c-48a3-b343-fd257bef3a9d · outbound

This paper cites Iqa: Visual question answering in interactive environments.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Iqa: Visual question answering in interactive environments

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.809394Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 05a2a6cc-8ed2-4ed9-8117-4199f6d06b65 · outbound

This paper cites Learning spatial- semantic representations from natural language descriptions and scene classifications.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Learning spatial- semantic representations from natural language descriptions and scene classifications

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.795505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation dcc62d49-e406-4fbd-a5a5-86eb271e3aee · outbound

This paper cites Scene Graph Reasoning for Visual Question Answering.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Scene Graph Reasoning for Visual Question Answering

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.261466Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 321cced8-79c5-46c8-af7d-778c96ece3cc · outbound

This paper cites Learning 3d semantic scene graphs from 3d indoor reconstructions.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Learning 3d semantic scene graphs from 3d indoor reconstructions

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.265752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c2c0b0c4-eb03-4e61-91c1-12c6f0a5970c · outbound

This paper cites Learning semantic maps from natural language descriptions.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Learning semantic maps from natural language descriptions

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.773978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 7a560d01-9f50-4fd0-9e98-a3e2778cf7e3 · outbound

This paper cites LLaVA-CoT: Let Vision Language Models Reason Step-by-Step.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking LLaVA-CoT: Let Vision Language Models Reason Step-by-Step

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.273459Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 189351b5-4cc7-498e-b7e1-e4079555bf4f · outbound

This paper cites Visual-RFT: Visual Reinforcement Fine-Tuning.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Visual-RFT: Visual Reinforcement Fine-Tuning

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.277717Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 7863d53f-35bb-4280-817e-5b2c08add317 · outbound

This paper cites Imagine while Reasoning in Space: Multimodal Visualization-of-Thought.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Imagine while Reasoning in Space: Multimodal Visualization-of-Thought

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.282024Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation a062d889-abe5-422c-94e7-72ab3453cb2f · outbound

This paper cites LlamaV-o1: Rethinking Step-by-step Visual Reasoning in LLMs.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking LlamaV-o1: Rethinking Step-by-step Visual Reasoning in LLMs

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.286350Z

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Observation d81247c2-0357-465e-9de4-3b592c3c7ec4 · outbound

This paper cites Visual cot: Unleashing chain-of-thought reasoning in multi-modal language models.arXiv e-prints, pages arXiv–2403, 2024.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Visual cot: Unleashing chain-of-thought reasoning in multi-modal language models.arXiv e-prints, pages arXiv–2403, 2024

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.760632Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 84e91172-2b8c-49e1-999f-6a8e8e1064df · outbound

This paper cites Llava-cot: Let vision language models reason step-by-step, 2025.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Llava-cot: Let vision language models reason step-by-step, 2025

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.294545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4c9b82e6-839c-49f1-9544-ad7b2b8ada81 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing Visual Perception Token into Multimodal Large Language Model.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Introducing Visual Perception Token into Multimodal Large Language Model

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.298491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 4eddae57-3463-4415-93d3-c60e004f968c · outbound

This paper cites Regiongpt: Towards region understanding vision language model.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Regiongpt: Towards region understanding vision language model

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.739890Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 1466eacb-af93-4762-b77b-9c1a39e367c7 · outbound

This paper cites Osprey: Pixel understanding with visual instruction tuning.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Osprey: Pixel understanding with visual instruction tuning

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.306997Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 6882f827-8468-4b93-b3d7-3d0f1219eade · outbound

This paper cites OpenAI o1 System Card.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking OpenAI o1 System Card

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.311068Z

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Observation 79d2ab21-4c76-47e1-81b8-161f199a2d23 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.315715Z

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Observation 45ffc4a0-b53b-430f-a3ae-8c4f201f4493 · outbound

This paper cites Qvq: To see the world with wisdom, December 2024.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Qvq: To see the world with wisdom, December 2024

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.319857Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6cf28b03-1ef5-4798-9aff-99a59808d1f2 · outbound

This paper cites DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervision.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervision

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.323821Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c4708994-b8f1-43bd-8fb8-62b31a7d5867 · outbound

This paper cites Relational inductive biases, deep learning, and graph networks.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Relational inductive biases, deep learning, and graph networks

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.327569Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 79123037-c741-4491-9870-694884410744 · outbound

This paper cites What’s “up” with vision-language models? investigating their struggle with spatial reasoning.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking What’s “up” with vision-language models? investigating their struggle with spatial reasoning

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.331770Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ded39013-a1bd-406f-b551-ef0bb18caf89 · outbound

This paper cites BLINK: Multimodal Large Language Models Can See but Not Perceive.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking BLINK: Multimodal Large Language Models Can See but Not Perceive

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.335901Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7d8fdc5b-c957-45c2-8d45-d219b6d34b5c · outbound

This paper cites Reasoning paths with reference objects elicit quantitative spatial reasoning in large vision-language models, 2024.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Reasoning paths with reference objects elicit quantitative spatial reasoning in large vision-language models, 2024

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.703158Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e97793f1-65ec-43b2-b073-5ae4f9502403 · outbound

This paper cites Deepseek-v3 technical report, 2024.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Deepseek-v3 technical report, 2024

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.344025Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation baa91c5d-606d-464f-893a-1a16ca412b6d · outbound

This paper cites Vqasynth, 2023.

Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking Vqasynth, 2023

Reference 43

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T17:46:28.679723Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 000d1a38-48e5-4aba-b1d8-9b8defed9e68 · inbound

Self-Prophetic Decoding to Unlock Visual Search in LVLMs cites this paper.

Self-Prophetic Decoding to Unlock Visual Search in LVLMs Enhancing Spatial Reasoning through Visual and Textual Thinking

Reference 12

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T13:03:26.890094Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.