Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T22:37:00.047687Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 47 of 47 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2508.06781.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T22:37:00.047687Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-15T06:59:48.014736Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-15T07:00:10.326450Z
47 of 47 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 0b04d550-0d09-4304-a50b-bc32f0eaf02e · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation MS MARCO: A Human Generated MAchine Reading COmprehension Dataset
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b360b076-37b9-427d-bb23-60b463fc6e18 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Results shown for the best-performing configuration per loss type among BGE-trained models
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation eef61a84-e2e0-47db-90a0-7cd2ba1892d1 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Your task is to judge how well the passage answers the query. 0 - Irrelevant, 1 - Perfectly relevant, exact answer. Answer with 0, or 1
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 24a426c8-8751-4ad1-bcab-e1a17215aa88 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Zhuyun Dai, Vincent Y Zhao, Ji Ma, Yi Luan, Jianmo Ni, Jing Lu, Anton Bakalov, Kelvin Guu, Keith Hall, and Ming-Wei Chang
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation e79fe366-5c5c-4b18-86ee-48dc1d66999a · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Retrieve the most relevant passages to the given query
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 833b58ec-fec0-4921-b300-2179274fd34f · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Learning deep representations by mutual information estimation and maximization
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation c691d895-1633-4b32-b330-4cc426c2bbc9 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Dense passage retrieval for open-domain question an- swering
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation a0638d20-9f68-4e7a-8be9-48cb0444e5a7 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation NV-Embed: Improved Techniques for Training LLMs as Generalist Embedding Models
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b67f62d4-1db6-49d4-b8af-0c29a7916b5c · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Lightblue reranker distillation dataset
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation cc69a113-e9a4-4c13-aa79-47b676c77eac · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Sadhika Malladi, Kaifeng Lyu, Abhishek Panigrahi, and Sanjeev Arora
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation a31ca482-1692-408a-b221-32dd7f10da5c · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Generative Representational Instruction Tuning
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 36bfb7f9-ed42-4a04-9a5e-9ea896a1ff38 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Mitigating false-negative contexts in multi- document question answering with retrieval marginalization
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation a8c7de54-cc23-4537-93d0-78fa1ced5144 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Large dual encoders are generalizable retrievers
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation b83e775d-dbee-4ce3-9520-377191cb6732 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation RocketQA: An optimized training approach to dense passage retrieval for open-domain question answering
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation d88e6bc3-44d5-45f3-a7a0-e41444070a7c · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation SQuAD: 100,000+ questions for machine comprehension of text
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 3bee9089-e839-4fe3-a589-17fe0d94e969 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Sentence-BERT: Sentence embeddings using Siamese BERT-networks
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 90a3ffb5-3ef5-4966-896a-0df54de06265 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation RocketQAv2: A joint training method for dense passage retrieval and passage re-ranking
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 94862c12-02a0-4871-be1a-65a978100191 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation The probabilistic relevance framework: Bm25 and beyond
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 5f85ecb9-216f-47b1-b2d1-ad2463eb894a · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-5554-1
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation db2b4b02-d941-4c45-a140-b37af8ef5e53 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation ColBERTv2: Effective and efficient retrieval via lightweight late interaction
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation dcbcbedd-2591-45cb-9cc1-22ced9d2bdc5 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Repetition Improves Language Model Embeddings
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 76f73f82-8458-4db0-9264-1237de72191b · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Smith, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Tao Yu
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation f402b592-5f67-44fe-bf4f-a8782c0a7d84 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Is ChatGPT good at search? investigating large language models as re-ranking agents
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation beaead08-da13-4a72-a356-6a7b1452f399 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation FEVER: a large-scale dataset for fact extraction and VERification
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 01c46671-498b-4a9e-a658-b34933d2c04b · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Text Embeddings by Weakly-Supervised Contrastive Pre-training
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4421920f-5bb6-4003-b3f8-d42696ee7531 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Improving Text Embeddings with Large Language Models
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6433970a-7b68-4600-8fc8-1abde9c04e48 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 8abbbe1b-d919-4866-9382-b583cc083167 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Contrastive learning of sentence embeddings from scratch
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation deba85a8-b4d8-4439-8bed-2fb2dde3dea7 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation MIRACL: A Multilingual Retrieval Dataset Covering 18 Diverse Languages
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 8684a056-a74f-412d-89d5-6b1fe01ccf98 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Classical retrieval methods like TF-IDF and BM25 (Robertson & Zaragoza,
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 1f5417aa-64a3-4e71-8abc-b6758fa131a0 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 8386efb4-f5e8-4d26-ba06-651c940c8fd8 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation 1” through “5
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation bc30ac33-5aa4-4439-a097-ff837dbc4064 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation These experiments were carried out on two diverse datasets, LightBlue (multilingual, in- batch only) and BGE-M3 (Chen et al.,
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation d20feb5c-6ff3-42a6-b8eb-fcf8655d1fa1 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation For fair comparison, we run hyperparameter search for all methods to tune for learning rates and logit scales, as well as hyperparameters specific to each training loss
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation a43bde40-d3ae-4475-88e6-a41081dd560e · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Unresolved cited work
Reference 100
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 439f52fd-60ab-4763-93fe-5b6c11ef41f3 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Unresolved cited work
Reference 256
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 6be7d0d4-6688-4841-910e-c899e758d70e · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Unresolved cited work
Reference 2005
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 1bf855ea-1c48-4349-83db-b54676ff31d0 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Neural dense retrieval methods address this by embedding texts into dense semantic vector spaces using pre-trained language models (Karpukhin et al., 2020; Xiong et al., 2021)
Reference 2009
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 1bf97bd4-159a-48db-a55a-ebaa22922d84 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation We apply no weight decay
Reference 2015
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 981f691a-cd2b-4384-99b3-32be92be1f31 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation NV-Retriever: Improving text embedding models with effective hard-negative mining
Reference 2017
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d5b2bb0b-a9d4-493f-965c-4defdf5ed287 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation LLM2Vec: Large Language Models Are Secretly Powerful Text Encoders
Reference 2018
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2e77627b-4235-4c5b-a8f9-812b083b2c10 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation SimCSE: Simple contrastive learning of sentence embeddings
Reference 2019
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 61adbe76-3621-4c4a-ad29-9e8f1d7c3be7 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation PairDistill: Pairwise relevance distillation for dense retrieval
Reference 2021
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 106eccc2-1e4d-4b27-93c4-57d9e6da6713 · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding
Reference 2022
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4f6af325-5e7f-4fa2-ab16-4516f24b759b · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Rahmani, Daniel Campos, Jimmy Lin, Ellen M
Reference 2023
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation d504c6d6-fed1-4d00-8de9-a9aaf02d859b · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Improving con- trastive learning of sentence embeddings from AI feedback
Reference 2024
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 58c5d901-bc32-4696-9cd4-eedd22665f6d · outbound
BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation Towards General Text Embeddings with Multi-stage Contrastive Learning
Reference 2025
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d536d0bf-e225-430e-8bfd-7b8c8c960e8a · inbound
MemReranker: Reasoning-Aware Reranking for Agent Memory Retrieval BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation ffb9e471-ac35-4f0c-8eca-2747c0a4dec8 · inbound
MemReranker: Reasoning-Aware Reranking for Agent Memory Retrieval BiXSE: Improving Dense Retrieval via Probabilistic Graded Relevance Distillation
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.