Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T13:55:38.945614Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 55 of 55 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2509.00421.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T13:55:38.945614Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T15:14:28.493489Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-11T15:14:28.639388Z
55 of 55 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation d694635f-e379-4a3e-a5d0-f0a115d0e51c · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation c9c21f19-3f45-4bb5-9b55-539d37eec7cd · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Language models are few-shot learners
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1aff418a-db5e-494e-8d9b-aa07aad35ff0 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers How Smooth Is Attention?
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e04ea093-c72a-49de-9d2f-d496790744c3 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers PLOT : Prompt learning with optimal transport for vision-language models
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 85bb2937-6ba1-4524-bf49-fdd51f77fc3d · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 53e2379e-cc00-4e97-83b4-47867ad125b4 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers BERT : Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 53fd1b81-786c-44e8-ad7e-fc5e48784fc5 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Longrope: extending llm context window beyond 2 million tokens
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 78280e05-46b1-4986-9bab-1e6f3bf48fb3 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers A survey on in-context learning
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b736311c-4d12-413b-8db8-e802608283cc · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Attention is not all you need: Pure attention loses rank doubly exponentially with depth
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 3d557c22-a8e9-4852-9bdf-695560e61b69 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers An image is worth 16x16 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bb276da0-81c1-4789-8e6c-9389e573bff8 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Nemesis: Normalizing the soft-prompt vectors of vision-language models
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation ff051185-7847-4830-b4ba-f7c8002a9ed6 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Protein multimer structure prediction via prompt learning
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation f896dea3-0b21-4283-8953-23b9b74d6bed · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers The emergence of clusters in self-attention dynamics
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 71c44911-fbc4-44e5-b2d5-903beb01fc65 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Universal language model fine-tuning for text classification
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 81025f6f-86ce-4e26-9d09-b3155978e6f8 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers RULER : What s the real context size of your long-context language models? In First Conference on Language Modeling, 2024
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 90b3c586-9da8-4093-81b3-c9df080aea44 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Fundamental limits of prompt tuning transformers: Universality, capacity and efficiency
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 268a0c3a-8fa1-4b98-a9c1-8e9a4e8927e2 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Long-context LLM s meet RAG : Overcoming challenges for long inputs in RAG
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 3c863708-8065-4626-83e4-c4f23d179139 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Are transformers with one layer self-attention using low-rank weight matrices universal approximators? In The Twelfth International Conference on Learning Representations, 2024
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 8db88d5e-7b9b-42f2-8276-0fdd5514c843 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers On the optimal memorization capacity of transformers
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation ab847f5e-fac6-4c96-9b69-54011b05c723 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Maple: Multi-modal prompt learning
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4dc8cf60-7445-4c6b-acca-d7e08ead0dac · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers The lipschitz constant of self-attention
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 9aeda08e-6145-4df2-bed9-ac77fe37283c · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Provable memorization capacity of transformers
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation ba1fefdf-42a9-4e32-bac1-0ef4aa122222 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers A generalization of hausdorff dimension applied to hilbert cubes and wasserstein spaces
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ca74eb65-47bd-44d8-a216-1faa4a277614 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Kloeckner
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 70f6faba-3f95-42a6-baae-f2420adeb2e6 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Attention is not only a weight: Analyzing transformers with vector norms
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 01de0587-fedd-4116-8f31-1d724929282b · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Large language models are zero-shot reasoners
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7fadf5e8-ddfb-444b-b2a7-985f82437731 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Summary of a haystack: A challenge to long-context LLM s and RAG systems
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c42dbf91-1aa1-4198-9866-d971d4950483 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers The power of scale for parameter-efficient prompt tuning
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c232052a-e76f-4821-bfd3-813004205b28 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Same task, more tokens: the impact of input length on the reasoning performance of large language models
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6d07376a-23c1-4fa0-8a63-414d7bd59bf6 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9ec11661-2a1d-4b2a-8d9e-293197a2d4a3 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Extending context window in large language models with segmented base adjustment for rotary position embeddings
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation f48d54ef-0e87-41c0-bd99-e7d9c38b668b · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Prefix-tuning: Optimizing continuous prompts for generation
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 81aa6a6d-de15-4485-850c-ab674ade216a · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Liu, Kevin Lin, John Hewitt, Ashwin Paranjape, Michele Bevilacqua, Fabio Petroni, and Percy Liang
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 590ec142-424a-462b-8b48-a8c38f5ec460 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Liu, Mohammad Saleh, Etienne Pot, Ben Goodrich, Ryan Sepassi, Lukasz Kaiser, and Noam Shazeer
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 5ee23938-4888-4b05-a087-2fb716bc79c5 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers P -tuning: Prompt tuning can be comparable to fine-tuning across scales and tasks
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d532d426-13b3-4fe5-97dd-0e6e41914ae9 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Memorization capacity of multi-head attention in transformers
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 42d6cf5f-f323-4985-91b5-c94a54103421 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers A Theoretical Framework for Prompt Engineering: Approximating Smooth Functions with Transformer Prompts
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation d3309bd7-8589-4bac-9878-b61b3e916ee9 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Convergence of latent mixing measures in finite and infinite mixture models
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 1743bff9-50dc-462c-8d04-641f8fe5bb3a · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers GPT-4 Technical Report
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7c20c6ae-5f4b-4246-8314-aaeeaad3964c · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers On the role of attention in prompt-tuning
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation d0173a22-322a-401c-b861-4a26d28837af · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Prompting a pretrained transformer can be a universal approximator
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 70460bc2-92a1-4387-b2e8-4397c38a078d · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers When do prompting and prefix-tuning work? a theory of capabilities and limitations
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a225bc07-db4b-459a-ac38-cdf7d78585c5 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Sander, Pierre Ablin, Mathieu Blondel, and Gabriel Peyr\'e
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation eb5d1de3-61e0-4522-a0ad-033618995047 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Optimal transport for applied mathematicians
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 65c8f1d0-559a-4140-85b1-2f8d690fd3db · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers De PT : Decomposed prompt tuning for parameter-efficient fine-tuning
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4d351f30-e34d-4537-a73a-9b27a7303ac2 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Attention is all you need
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b7ef253a-77fe-4877-bec2-7d1e52f1d371 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers High-Dimensional Probability: An Introduction with Applications in Data Science
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 8a0a8b38-b50c-4e99-8e91-be023be525f8 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Optimal Transport: Old and New, volume 338 of Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 1933e6ce-934d-461f-bd04-ff59eee02673 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Universality and limitations of prompt tuning
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation dbbe1ad9-efc0-4a55-879e-4eebc2ae881a · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Multitask prompt tuning enables parameter-efficient transfer learning
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 293b85d7-7d86-4cb1-a897-c1ee4f69217e · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Chi, Quoc V
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3f5920eb-5cd2-4ca3-8f67-2c93964a77f3 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Hard prompts made easy: Gradient-based discrete optimization for prompt tuning and discovery
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 7684d930-d7e7-4eff-8745-f991de223cea · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Transformers: State-of-the-art natural language processing
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 08f3f379-9b75-4315-82c8-e83d8ccf31e0 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Scaling vision transformers
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 05c3ed40-678a-4267-8394-d4ab44d5a479 · outbound
Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers Point transformer
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 520f5c59-ddea-4682-a1f2-4c902019a962 · inbound
Training-Free Universal Approximation by Prompting Random Transformers Memory Limitations of Prompt Tuning in Transformers
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.