Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T21:14:15.382375Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 48 of 48 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2509.08173.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T21:14:15.382375Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T21:14:12.433222Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-04T21:14:15.628368Z
48 of 48 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation e5c0ae98-f2d8-4c03-8a93-3b59e89286ad · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e9dfd7fa-8bc1-456a-9c70-599f69ef689e · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e049eea2-f200-40c5-ad8f-56946dd76739 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Attribute Recognition and Knowledge Integration The proposed bottom-up framework is illustrated in Figure 1
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 97795ed0-5a65-4ff4-a32f-b9cfeb12a9ab · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 6ba4e3bc-6e83-4dd9-9b97-ee80a824301f · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR basic5000
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 30dae91a-7cb7-4d3f-a6a2-7c6afb97bfa0 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Speech recognition by machines and humans,
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 47765219-fd24-475b-8517-7be0568c4b43 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation ebf116fd-b126-401a-917d-3da8161ac9a8 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Continuous speech recognition by statistical methods,
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation f8ca8fbf-c283-4815-b70e-10f240c2bbc5 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR The kaldi speech recognition toolkit,
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 4bc0ba0a-f0ae-4287-9dde-a4c2b6730c12 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Large-vocabulary speaker-independent con- tinuous speech recognition using hmm,
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 5c358c93-1c48-4aa4-af43-f26eb0cccaed · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR An information- extraction approach to speech processing: Analysis, detection, verifi- cation, and recognition,
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation b55f293d-050d-4467-a9b0-58622b132628 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Allen,How do Humans Process and Recognize Speech?, Springer US, Boston, MA, 1995
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e4e042fc-f1cd-48b8-b9c6-eb62218f1dfc · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Combining articulatory and acoustic information for speech recognition in noisy and reverberant environments,
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation bfa46a26-a5be-474c-83ad-0846300d7cdb · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 29117e98-c383-4fd4-8433-520b5278ec99 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR The geometry of phonological features,
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 56a7eb3c-706f-487b-b58c-b62c9d73840d · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Hybrid ctc- attention based end-to-end speech recognition using subword units,
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation c73eca58-d0d8-4732-9914-78059185e28e · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR ESPnet: End-to-end speech processing toolkit,
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 7ae045aa-56f6-43e0-a58f-3a964f59d719 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Hybrid ctc/attention architecture for end-to-end speech recognition,
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e192ca46-598f-4591-b27f-f96af3b9507c · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Robust speech recognition via large- scale weak supervision,
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation ed184326-b178-4ef7-ae5d-5de0a2c913a6 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Syllable-based large vocabulary continuous speech recogni- tion,
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 1289e771-f6fd-4a4c-b959-3bf68b0e0f09 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR dissertation, Carnegie Mellon University, Pitts- burgh, PA, USA, 1992
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation a9c17f3c-fafa-472b-9c1b-034a57494ad2 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Language-universal speech attributes modeling for zero-shot multilin- gual spoken keyword recognition,
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 80bb1f80-2166-41a3-a713-4fa64b968a37 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Detection-based asr in the au- tomatic speech attribute transcription project,
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 03989220-93b6-42bd-9283-c29283cbf881 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR A flexible stream architecture for asr using articulatory features,
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation ba7c39c6-494c-4924-b674-65c54e432489 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology, Cambridge, MA, USA, 1996
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 25f8fb4b-f3ea-4c2f-855b-efc69f210710 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR An event-based acoustic-phonetic approach to speech segmentation and e-set recogni- tion,
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation b79c6b63-1f57-4a5e-8f52-b2e390cc7f09 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR What makes a word: Learning base units in Japanese for speech recognition,
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 03858724-e8d2-47ea-939f-df3d8f1cf2d8 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Context-dependent syllable acoustic model for continuous chinese speech recognition,
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation d2de5e83-a667-4a55-8962-a73f53603e64 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Syllable-based acoustic modeling with ctc-smbr-lstm,
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation d5971335-de77-49c2-8466-6ce6bef2c373 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR A Comparison of Modeling Units in Sequence-to-Sequence Speech Recognition with the Transformer on Mandarin Chinese
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 3a8637f4-e988-49fe-9d85-23cd830e3937 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Syllable-based sequence-to-sequence speech recognition with the transformer in man- darin chinese,
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation b003f7be-d80b-4b59-a61b-65f8a20c3510 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Decoupling recognition and transcription in mandarin asr,
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e5d5b57d-1451-4dfc-b6ea-489b6153fbfb · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR The mora and syllable structure in japanese: Evi- dence from speech errors,
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation a00cee17-f750-4f6a-9854-f9a92e33986c · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Akamatsu,Japanese phonetics : theory and practice / Tsu- tomu Akamatsu, LINCOM studies in Asian linguistics ; 3
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation b94b1492-422d-4d0b-9d5c-a04168fb3cb0 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Syllable recognition us- ing syllable-segment statistics and syllable-based hmm,
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 3b7f773f-61ee-45f7-aeb1-ba0bde1fa039 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Compari- son of syllable-based and phoneme-based dnn-hmm in japanese speech recognition,
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 1afdcdb8-812d-4f26-bdfe-e364eed41ed1 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Wavlm: Large-scale self-supervised pre-training for full stack speech processing,
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 1fc5285c-e264-495b-a59b-e392712be29e · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Fant,Speech Sounds and Features, The MIT Press, 1973
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation d5a7fc4f-89ce-4c69-8d92-2fc91e91ecdd · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Ladefoged and S.F
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation ae59aec8-fcb1-4bc5-928a-d9a6377236d7 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR To support decoding with CTC model, we trained separate KenLM language models tailored to each modeling unit
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation dfb80fda-59ee-4ce8-a97c-e7d1722a2893 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Modeling linguistic fea- tures in speech recognition,
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation eb0edb80-68e6-441f-b3c1-d970e386b300 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Acoustic cues of the stop voicing contrast in mod- ern tokyo japanese,
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation a970f853-17bc-488b-914b-ac9f865889b1 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Syllable-based acoustic modeling for japanese spontaneous speech recognition,
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 2329b416-c6e2-4b47-a9ba-7663f0922ff4 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Aishell- 1: An open-source mandarin speech corpus and a speech recognition baseline,
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 4554dadd-6888-4231-b273-01e35ad8b690 · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR JSUT corpus: free large-scale Japanese speech corpus for end-to-end speech synthesis
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ff822c4a-456e-4a59-aa1e-eb8869cec52c · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Atten- tion is all you need,
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 8661e1ac-fd37-4922-ab76-4868086bd10d · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Decoupled weight decay regular- ization,
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 16060b58-cf3e-42c6-ab77-49e6808e6d6c · outbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR Mls: A large-scale multilingual dataset for speech research,
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e9dfd7fa-8bc1-456a-9c70-599f69ef689e · inbound
A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR A Bottom-up Framework with Language-universal Speech Attribute Modeling for Syllable-based ASR
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.