Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation

As of 6 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 23 of 23 outbound references and 5 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2602.04279.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2602.04279 v3

Coverage vector

measured 23 of 23 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.604029Z

measured 28 of 28 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00

measured 5 of 5 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-01T02:47:20.533601Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-05-20T21:19:03.028671Z

Reference resolution

23 of 23 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved23
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation c3a2c55f-fc02-4e80-8b81-cee8dedcc904 · outbound

This paper cites Differential Exclusion.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Differential Exclusion

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.157377Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1e7646ef-42be-440f-a38a-1624d42f17e6 · outbound

This paper cites Follow this checklist: * Lead I: Examine QRS amplitude/duration, ST segment, and T wave morphology.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Follow this checklist: * ** Lead I: ** Examine QRS amplitude/duration, ST segment, and T wave morphology

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.185077Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 506c4ddd-c24c-4470-8a2e-36e460a194f7 · outbound

This paper cites Systematic Lead Examination.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Systematic Lead Examination

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.289987Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation af9f2b4a-9428-49d9-b8eb-63d2eafd893d · outbound

This paper cites Simulate a primary read.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Simulate a primary read

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.355410Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f091e13a-2ddf-4547-9416-0a5ca476bd9b · outbound

This paper cites T wave inversion in V2-V6,.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation T wave inversion in V2-V6,

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.399512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 310161d9-a5be-414f-8952-77df80cb0945 · outbound

This paper cites FORBIDDEN: Bullet points, hyphens, numbered lists, or line breaks within a step’s analysis.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation **FORBIDDEN:** Bullet points, hyphens, numbered lists, or line breaks within a step’s analysis

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.461765Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5ea0058b-ea3b-4f19-b961-2c8c60f9e3a3 · outbound

This paper cites You must wrap the final diagnosis in ‘<answer>‘ and ‘</answer>‘.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation You must wrap the final diagnosis in ‘<answer>‘ and ‘</answer>‘

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.508034Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 66910c0e-48a4-4f53-943d-6ae9bf992998 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.571062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bf63df94-5fa3-4d25-a59c-1b01d4577b16 · outbound

This paper cites Warning: Data quality may affect computer interpretation.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Warning: Data quality may affect computer interpretation

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.666156Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8c6e4c81-4f01-4536-95a0-aaaa4dcdaca0 · outbound

This paper cites Key Diagnostic Evidence.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Key Diagnostic Evidence

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.711142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c4420a76-05a3-4827-b435-ce4e20831e0f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.770237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 82772ace-3b19-49af-837a-75498acb0de8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.834688Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 03c4e5fb-1a39-4704-970b-7063559e2487 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.936691Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f96e2135-ebd6-4ec8-ab5f-77f285a74939 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:42.988382Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 46b132af-b286-440c-a5ad-71e278e0d273 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.104795Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9e9db90b-8a32-4d3d-918d-d33f7540b161 · outbound

This paper cites no ST elevation.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation no ST elevation

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.182961Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b34ab2fe-c9b2-45f5-81fc-04f3cf5d55f5 · outbound

This paper cites - Scoring +2 per diagnosis: Each correctly identified key diagnosis with supporting ECG features.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation - Scoring +2 per diagnosis: Each correctly identified key diagnosis with supporting ECG features

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.277827Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3d37bc02-40e7-49e1-ae2f-4d5667f94355 · outbound

This paper cites - Scoring +1 per feature: For each correctly addressed key ECG feature (e.g., rhythm, PR interval, QRS duration, ST segment, T wave morphology).

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation - Scoring +1 per feature: For each correctly addressed key ECG feature (e.g., rhythm, PR interval, QRS duration, ST segment, T wave morphology)

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.367951Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1930ec05-b85a-433d-af5e-f457ad50ea66 · outbound

This paper cites - Scoring +2 per feature or per lead: Each point that strongly supports the diagnosis with clear ECG evidence.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation - Scoring +2 per feature or per lead: Each point that strongly supports the diagnosis with clear ECG evidence

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.433841Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation af6d02e6-1981-4ae8-846b-691d39d1334c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.478372Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 452f840f-f0f9-42f2-8c95-eeeff465fba6 · outbound

This paper cites - Scoring (0-100) 100: ECG findings are comprehensively cited, linked to diagnoses, and cover all relevant ECG features.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation - Scoring (0-100) 100: ECG findings are comprehensively cited, linked to diagnoses, and cover all relevant ECG features

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.546266Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8abd8b1b-a785-456a-9b6f-ce7f64bef0de · outbound

This paper cites - Scoring (0-100) 100: Findings logically progress to diagnosis with thorough and clear justifications covering all necessary steps.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation - Scoring (0-100) 100: Findings logically progress to diagnosis with thorough and clear justifications covering all necessary steps

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.559203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4cdf1fc8-47f4-4273-879d-01fc4f507f8b · outbound

This paper cites - Scoring (0-100) 100: The analysis follows a structured clinical approach and considers all relevant clinical factors.

ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation - Scoring (0-100) 100: The analysis follows a structured clinical approach and considers all relevant clinical factors

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:44:43.604029Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 91910e3e-ec79-4ad2-bbd3-dba1aa3e536e · inbound

DeepArrhythmia: Segment-Contextualized ECG Arrhythmia Classification via Selective Evidence Acquisition cites this paper.

DeepArrhythmia: Segment-Contextualized ECG Arrhythmia Classification via Selective Evidence Acquisition ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-20T21:19:03.030173Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation 0a68ee99-0865-4686-8505-ea6b76c81b6d · inbound

Reasoning Before Diagnosis: Physician-Inspired Structured Thinking for ECG Classification cites this paper.

Reasoning Before Diagnosis: Physician-Inspired Structured Thinking for ECG Classification ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation

Reference 12

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-20T13:38:19.241354Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation d5d72d29-1e54-4a9a-9e65-1451655f2768 · inbound

ImputeECG: Deep Learning Reconstruction of Complete 12-Lead Electrocardiograms from Incomplete Recordings for Cardiac Assessment cites this paper.

ImputeECG: Deep Learning Reconstruction of Complete 12-Lead Electrocardiograms from Incomplete Recordings for Cardiac Assessment ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-11T10:11:10.915272Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 33f881bc-57aa-40f1-be6d-c261b9decdc6 · inbound

EchoBridge: Long-Tail-Aware ECG-Echocardiography Text Alignment for Echocardiography-Derived Cardiac Findings cites this paper.

EchoBridge: Long-Tail-Aware ECG-Echocardiography Text Alignment for Echocardiography-Derived Cardiac Findings ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T11:54:42.301830Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0347800c-8a4d-4faa-8a15-ed44d78d25b1 · inbound

Cardiologent: Multi-Agent Clinical Decision Support for Patient-Level Arrhythmia Assessment, Urgency, and Management cites this paper.

Cardiologent: Multi-Agent Clinical Decision Support for Patient-Level Arrhythmia Assessment, Urgency, and Management ECG-R1: Protocol-Guided and Modality-Agnostic MLLM for Reliable ECG Interpretation

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T02:47:20.533601Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.