Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring

As of 12 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 38 of 38 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2602.23163.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2602.23163 v3

Coverage vector

measured 38 of 38 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-11T11:50:26.030339Z

measured 39 of 39 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-27T17:30:12.165074Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

38 of 38 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy14
unresolved15
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier4
metadata mismatch4

External citation measurements

0
pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation d052d0bd-f976-4c9f-a265-938c17305c5e · outbound

This paper cites Reasoning Models Don't Always Say What They Think.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Reasoning Models Don't Always Say What They Think

Reference 1

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:29.941429Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 501d69b7-4613-4601-a539-90ba11857e13 · outbound

This paper cites Chain of Thought Monitorability: A New and Fragile Opportunity for AI Safety.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Chain of Thought Monitorability: A New and Fragile Opportunity for AI Safety

Reference 2

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T14:19:45.019656Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 8dafcb60-2e94-43ba-b0eb-69164e779104 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models

Reference 3

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:29.962065Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 7c2cb704-ad2c-4378-81dc-1751d151cf90 · outbound

This paper cites Language Models Don't Always Say What They Think: Unfaithful Explanations in Chain-of-Thought Prompting.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Language Models Don't Always Say What They Think: Unfaithful Explanations in Chain-of-Thought Prompting

Reference 4

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:29.930341Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 5f185270-86bd-4c10-b6c0-b8489e4aea07 · outbound

This paper cites Zolkowski, A., Nishimura-Gasparian, K., McCarthy, R., Zimmermann, R.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Zolkowski, A., Nishimura-Gasparian, K., McCarthy, R., Zimmermann, R

Reference 5

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:29.916657Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 92e980f7-3a1b-430c-bb18-bb03a37473b3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.706575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation d6321a7a-6798-4caa-b5d0-7d1558bacbcd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.680198Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 6a7ccdf6-b2a5-44f9-bad2-5f178842615f · outbound

This paper cites no encoding existed.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring no encoding existed

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.798002Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 8b337820-9d78-498d-8915-a361d4858a62 · outbound

This paper cites undetectable fraction.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring undetectable fraction

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.671836Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation c3ed7328-e190-406f-981c-a7c5bff57d7b · outbound

This paper cites By (37), Y ′ ⊥(X gen, Xaud), and since Z0 =G 0(X gen, ξ) with ξ⊥Y ′, we have Y ′ ⊥(Z 0, Xaud).

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring By (37), Y ′ ⊥(X gen, Xaud), and since Z0 =G 0(X gen, ξ) with ξ⊥Y ′, we have Y ′ ⊥(Z 0, Xaud)

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.710976Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation ca2ca50c-661c-42cb-a587-ebe305da4a0f · outbound

This paper cites th” → “gx.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring th” → “gx

Reference 11

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.715583Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 1fa2d575-9cc6-4619-b04f-418b303df8f4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.735967Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation ef51f051-6837-4fbf-a75e-dcd97de5ba8f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.676250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation db97b070-6d84-426c-b620-65237deaf8e0 · outbound

This paper cites a specific nation is not mentioned, but can be easily inferred from other clues in the reasoning.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring a specific nation is not mentioned, but can be easily inferred from other clues in the reasoning

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.764364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation a409e39a-c4c1-4971-81c6-162fbb400098 · outbound

This paper cites by using the words ”french” or ”german”) but is not central to the reasoning or analysis.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring by using the words ”french” or ”german”) but is not central to the reasoning or analysis

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.702651Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 00a3dc74-15e4-4bf1-aa0a-99a0932a1cc4 · outbound

This paper cites Only some of the points on the 10 point scale are illustrated above, but you can also use the in between values (like 6) that are not described.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Only some of the points on the 10 point scale are illustrated above, but you can also use the in between values (like 6) that are not described

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.688733Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 0c0fb786-e8d2-4346-8ff2-a105431fb454 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.760815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation f81725dc-0a67-466f-9927-014cb37562e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.772278Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation c5ce0478-42b2-467a-b0af-83beefffdb20 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.768000Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 57969f25-936a-4fe8-bf91-c4ffdc2eaedd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.684163Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 271fcbf7-9ef9-45bb-89ed-67f8261ad34c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.693038Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation f64df9cd-fac8-495a-a1d1-c5ae6d73abfe · outbound

This paper cites Scoring rule: count how many of the 7 criteria are met.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Scoring rule: count how many of the 7 criteria are met

Reference 22

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.780333Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation ca88aaa4-66dd-4d50-9a4c-4b514b4fb40a · outbound

This paper cites Filter with the channel’s verification function and an LLM nationality judge.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Filter with the channel’s verification function and an LLM nationality judge

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.784671Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 00bab18f-7d60-48b6-acc2-1a3246104642 · outbound

This paper cites The channel instruction is excluded from training — the model learns the encoding implicitly through distillation.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring The channel instruction is excluded from training — the model learns the encoding implicitly through distillation

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.752027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 74a57f41-9c20-4907-90ba-9f054f1fd7ac · outbound

This paper cites Base model: Qwen3-30B-A3B (MoE, 30B total / 3.3B active parameters).

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Base model: Qwen3-30B-A3B (MoE, 30B total / 3.3B active parameters)

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.731562Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 2b997198-da36-4e95-a1cf-63f316f9a593 · outbound

This paper cites planning: + an enumerated list.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring planning: + an enumerated list

Reference 26

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.793703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation b8892d08-55cd-4b6e-bc97-4496c8f43bae · outbound

This paper cites roughly 37%.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring roughly 37%

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.776392Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 4915d3b9-087b-413e-90a9-0362f22bb587 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.745504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation bc8997e5-9499-424a-a650-571b8a25c491 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.727208Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 49cf1c31-21fe-4c02-9a3c-9248b5745108 · outbound

This paper cites Use standard ASCII characters only.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Use standard ASCII characters only

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.789135Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 0c66319b-f6ba-4c64-9114-93fd1797723c · outbound

This paper cites 1. Debt-to-Income Ratio: . . . 2. Employment Stability.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring 1. Debt-to-Income Ratio: . . . 2. Employment Stability

Reference 31

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.801854Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 06e441f0-50fb-408f-8633-b7bc27c1d2e0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.697484Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 5fe8156c-d8dd-4096-8864-3dd5144ebb80 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.719456Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 3c2aa412-9e5a-4a17-bf08-c9022309fce6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.741461Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 38caf211-dbc8-455a-9530-7e99ac27cf9d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.757531Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation ff36ece1-d901-4553-9f4c-aed4f0f6bd28 · outbound

This paper cites 53 A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography H.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring 53 A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography H

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.723093Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation dee15a60-8765-4e75-84cb-6109547e9c1e · outbound

This paper cites Although their job as a software engineer is generally secure, the brief period in the current role and self-employment status could point to inconsistency in income.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Although their job as a software engineer is generally secure, the brief period in the current role and self-employment status could point to inconsistency in income

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.666808Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation fec7a7cc-6e7a-4f0f-b524-e1ff9fbdbf72 · outbound

This paper cites Considering their existing financial responsibilities and the short duration in their current role, this proportion might create difficulties in maintaining liquidity.

A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring Considering their existing financial responsibilities and the short duration in their current role, this proportion might create difficulties in maintaining liquidity

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-15T19:01:30.661981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation c5579597-d91c-460c-a05a-3988be309a2d · inbound

A Note on the Strategic Confinement Problem cites this paper.

A Note on the Strategic Confinement Problem A Decision-Theoretic Formalisation of Steganography With Applications to LLM Monitoring

Reference 52

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-06-27T17:31:06.838113Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.