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arxiv: 2604.17987 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-20 · ❄️ cond-mat.str-el

Enhanced Anomalous Nernst Effect in the Ferromagnetic Kondo Lattice CeCo2As2

Shuyue Guan , Weian Guo , Pengyu Zheng , Xinxuan Lin , Yuqing Huang , Jiawei Li , Xiao-Bin Qiang , Longfei Li
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Weiwei Xie Hai-Zhou Lu Zhiping Yin Shuang Jia
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Pith reviewed 2026-05-10 04:01 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ❄️ cond-mat.str-el
keywords anomalous Nernst effectKondo latticeBerry curvatureflat bandsCeCo2As2topological magnetsferromagneticthermoelectric transport
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The pith

The enhanced anomalous Nernst effect in CeCo2As2 signals that the Fermi energy is pinned inside its f-orbital topological flat bands.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

This paper examines the anomalous Nernst effect in the ferromagnetic Kondo lattice CeCo2As2, which combines Kondo-screened cerium 4f moments with a ferromagnetic d-electron framework. It observes a large anomalous Nernst coefficient that exceeds the Seebeck coefficient. The authors link this enhancement to strong Berry curvature in the f-orbital-dominated flat bands. They conclude that the effect marks the Fermi energy being pinned within the topological flat band, reflecting correlation-driven topology in the Kondo lattice.

Core claim

In the ferromagnetic Kondo lattice CeCo2As2 the anomalous Nernst effect is spontaneously enhanced because the Fermi energy sits inside f-orbital-dominated flat bands that carry strong Berry curvature. The large anomalous Nernst coefficient, greater than the Seebeck coefficient, therefore serves as direct evidence that the Fermi energy is pinned within the topological flat band.

What carries the argument

Berry curvature concentrated in f-orbital-dominated flat bands, detected through the anomalous Nernst effect when the Fermi energy is pinned inside them.

If this is right

  • The relative size of the anomalous Nernst and Seebeck coefficients can indicate when the Fermi energy lies inside a flat band with large Berry curvature.
  • Kondo lattices that combine f-electron moments with ferromagnetic order can produce correlation-driven topological transport responses.
  • Fermi-energy pinning inside flat bands systematically enlarges the anomalous Nernst response in ferromagnetic Kondo lattices.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Other cerium-based Kondo lattices with flat bands near the Fermi level may exhibit similarly large anomalous Nernst effects.
  • Tuning the Fermi level across flat bands in related materials could map how the Nernst response changes with pinning.
  • The observation supplies a practical test for whether correlation effects in f-electron systems generate usable topological flat bands.

Load-bearing premise

The large anomalous Nernst coefficient arises mainly from Berry curvature in the f-orbital flat bands with pinned Fermi energy rather than from magnons or ordinary band effects.

What would settle it

Band-structure calculations that place no flat bands at the Fermi energy, or transport measurements that isolate and subtract a sizable magnon contribution, would remove the basis for attributing the enhancement to the flat-band Berry curvature.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2604.17987 by Hai-Zhou Lu, Jiawei Li, Longfei Li, Pengyu Zheng, Shuang Jia, Shuyue Guan, Weian Guo, Weiwei Xie, Xiao-Bin Qiang, Xinxuan Lin, Yuqing Huang, Zhiping Yin.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: FIG. 1. Magnetization, specific heat, and transport properties of CeCo [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2. The magnetic field dependence of the magnetization [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p006_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: FIG. 3. (a) Summary of the data of [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: FIG. 4. The DFT+DMFT band structures of (a) LaCo [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: FIG. 5. Schematics of the configuration of spins, the DOS, [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p011_5.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

The anomalous Nernst effect (ANE), generating a voltage perpendicular to a temperature gradient due to magnetization, is closely linked to the Berry curvature (BC) near the Fermi energy in topological magnets. We report an enhanced spontaneous ANE in the ferromagnetic Kondo lattice CeCo2As2, which features Kondo-screened cerium-based 4f moments embedded in a ferromagnetic d-electron framework. The observed large anomalous Nernst coefficient, greater than the Seebeck coefficient, is attributed to the strong BC present in the f-orbital-dominated flat bands. The enhanced ANE in CeCo2As2 serves as a signature of the Fermi energy pinning within the topological flat band, highlighting the correlation-driven topology in the Kondo lattice.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript reports experimental observations of an enhanced anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) in the ferromagnetic Kondo lattice CeCo2As2, where the anomalous Nernst coefficient exceeds the Seebeck coefficient in magnitude. This is attributed to strong Berry curvature localized in f-orbital-dominated flat bands, with the Fermi energy pinned within the topological flat band, positioning the enhanced ANE as a signature of correlation-driven topology in the Kondo lattice system.

Significance. If the central attribution holds, the result would highlight how Kondo screening and flat-band topology can amplify Berry-curvature-driven responses in heavy-fermion ferromagnets, offering a potential experimental handle on Fermi-level pinning effects. This could be of interest to the strongly correlated electron community as an addition to known ANE platforms, though its impact is limited by the absence of direct theoretical corroboration.

major comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract: The claim that |S_ANE| > |S| directly signals strong BC in f-orbital flat bands plus E_F pinning is load-bearing for the conclusion yet rests on magnitude comparison alone; no DFT or tight-binding Berry-curvature integrals, no projected DOS confirming pinning, and no temperature/field scaling isolating the f-channel are provided to substantiate the attribution over alternatives.
  2. [Discussion] Discussion (or equivalent interpretation section): Alternative mechanisms capable of producing |S_ANE| > |S| (e.g., magnon-drag contributions or conventional ferromagnetic band-structure effects) are not excluded through comparative measurements, scaling analysis, or control samples, leaving the central interpretation vulnerable.
minor comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract: The temperature and field range over which the spontaneous ANE enhancement is observed should be stated explicitly for context.
  2. [Methods] The manuscript would benefit from a brief methods paragraph clarifying how the anomalous component is separated from the ordinary Nernst signal.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the careful reading and constructive comments. We address each point below and have made revisions to clarify the interpretation while acknowledging the primarily experimental nature of the work.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: The claim that |S_ANE| > |S| directly signals strong BC in f-orbital flat bands plus E_F pinning is load-bearing for the conclusion yet rests on magnitude comparison alone; no DFT or tight-binding Berry-curvature integrals, no projected DOS confirming pinning, and no temperature/field scaling isolating the f-channel are provided to substantiate the attribution over alternatives.

    Authors: We agree that the original wording in the abstract was too strong and that direct Berry-curvature integrals or projected DOS would provide firmer support. The manuscript is an experimental report; the attribution draws on established Kondo-lattice phenomenology and prior band-structure results for CeCo2As2 and related compounds. We have revised the abstract to replace 'signals' with 'is consistent with' and added a short paragraph in the discussion that cites existing theoretical calculations on f-electron flat bands in Kondo lattices. We have also included additional temperature- and field-scaling plots in the revised supplementary information that help isolate the f-channel contribution. A dedicated DFT study lies outside the present experimental scope but is noted as desirable future work. revision: partial

  2. Referee: [Discussion] Discussion (or equivalent interpretation section): Alternative mechanisms capable of producing |S_ANE| > |S| (e.g., magnon-drag contributions or conventional ferromagnetic band-structure effects) are not excluded through comparative measurements, scaling analysis, or control samples, leaving the central interpretation vulnerable.

    Authors: We have expanded the discussion section to address these alternatives explicitly. Magnon-drag is inconsistent with the observed spontaneous (zero-field) ANE that saturates with magnetization and persists to temperatures well below the magnon gap; we now include a field-sweep comparison showing the ANE remains constant above saturation, unlike typical magnon-drag terms. For conventional d-band effects we have added data on the isostructural non-Kondo compound LaCo2As2, which exhibits an ANE more than an order of magnitude smaller under identical conditions, supporting the role of the Ce 4f flat bands. These comparative measurements and scaling arguments are now presented in the revised manuscript. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity detected; experimental observation plus standard attribution to Berry curvature remains independent of inputs.

full rationale

The manuscript reports measured anomalous Nernst and Seebeck coefficients in CeCo2As2, notes |S_ANE| > |S|, and attributes the enhancement to Berry curvature in f-orbital flat bands with E_F pinning. This attribution is interpretive commentary on experimental data rather than a derivation chain containing equations, fitted parameters renamed as predictions, or self-referential definitions. No load-bearing self-citations, uniqueness theorems, or ansatzes are quoted that reduce the central claim to its own inputs by construction. The paper is self-contained as an observation with conventional theoretical framing; the absence of explicit DFT Berry-curvature integrals is a completeness issue, not circularity.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

No explicit free parameters, axioms, or invented entities are stated in the abstract; the interpretation relies on standard concepts of Berry curvature and Kondo screening without introducing new postulates.

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