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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Investigating the formation channel of GW231123: Population III stars or hierarchical mergers?

As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 2 of 2 outbound references and 4 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2604.18709.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2604.18709 v2

Coverage vector

measured 2 of 2 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-25T06:23:16.667260Z

measured 6 of 6 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00

measured 4 of 4 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T10:17:33.095067Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

2 of 2 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy1
  • unresolved0
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

0
pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 6f9d4542-d22f-4d6b-aa5c-1c3e22f0f735 · outbound

This paper cites Milky Way Globular Clusters: Nurseries for Dynamically-Formed Binary Black Holes.

Investigating the formation channel of GW231123: Population III stars or hierarchical mergers? Milky Way Globular Clusters: Nurseries for Dynamically-Formed Binary Black Holes

Reference 1

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-25T06:25:23.720353Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-25T06:23:16.667260Z digest=sha256:62d344a1b34156fbbd21e31588714dda7a033838dd1de466cd182bcf53a76a49

Observation 145ed5ba-6d7e-4d25-af2e-ce6d4ef7f10c · outbound

This paper cites This would e ffectively increase the fraction of star formation available for their production within our simulated over-dense volume.

Investigating the formation channel of GW231123: Population III stars or hierarchical mergers? This would e ffectively increase the fraction of star formation available for their production within our simulated over-dense volume

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-25T06:25:24.702291Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-25T06:23:16.667260Z digest=sha256:28f3332b1419cc92bb49f5752f31929e70a78cddbb60a5cc41b2b834d6a6556d

Pith citing papers

Observation b646a494-8f90-41e1-90ab-1ae4437d2e27 · inbound

Black Hole Binary Detection Landscape for the Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA): Signal-to-Noise Calculations & Science Cases cites this paper.

Black Hole Binary Detection Landscape for the Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA): Signal-to-Noise Calculations & Science Cases Investigating the formation channel of GW231123: Population III stars or hierarchical mergers?

Reference 16

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T01:37:02.335006Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T01:34:08.111553Z digest=sha256:c4198871d7a3e1b448d92054ff75ecf58f24c12cab712a806e371e5b47f4db64

Observation 44847771-faf9-4350-8155-0396ac2625d0 · inbound

Constraints on Line-of-Sight Acceleration from O1-O4 cites this paper.

Constraints on Line-of-Sight Acceleration from O1-O4 Investigating the formation channel of GW231123: Population III stars or hierarchical mergers?

Reference 101

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-04T19:40:06.393158Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-25T21:10:34.484784Z digest=sha256:02c959750ab666e01dcaedfc8648216ee4aa8236037d7c3222215baf3ec94ed4

Observation be97eaf6-2b2c-4a22-a53c-68a768118cfe · inbound

Constraints on Line-of-Sight Acceleration from O1-O4 cites this paper.

Constraints on Line-of-Sight Acceleration from O1-O4 Investigating the formation channel of GW231123: Population III stars or hierarchical mergers?

Reference 101

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T10:17:33.095067Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T10:17:33.095067Z digest=sha256:8e71f424b7ee4b07b51743387a1d25287d43bef31b1d15c9793648eae8b349d6

Observation a9fc9827-d7ab-4a27-b1d7-3ea1e7e9bb47 · inbound

Joint population and strong-lensing inference for resolved gravitational-wave events probes the black-hole merger rate beyond the peak of star formation cites this paper.

Joint population and strong-lensing inference for resolved gravitational-wave events probes the black-hole merger rate beyond the peak of star formation Investigating the formation channel of GW231123: Population III stars or hierarchical mergers?

Reference 143

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-06-30T14:34:46.017450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-30T05:24:03.103599Z digest=sha256:9801e20d6f629e76896d46e62005b4532d1173d1d7d8b9a908f268d64d3a5198