pith. sign in

arxiv: 2604.21877 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-23 · 💻 cs.DS

A simple (2+ε)-approximation for knapsack interdiction

Pith reviewed 2026-05-08 14:19 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 💻 cs.DS
keywords epsiloninterdictionapproximationitemsknapsackbudgetcapacitypacking
0
0 comments X

The pith

A (2+ε)-approximation algorithm for knapsack interdiction is presented that is simpler and faster than the known PTAS.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

Knapsack interdiction involves items each having a profit, a cost to block them, and a weight. An adversary has a budget to block some items and a capacity to pack the rest. The goal is to choose blocks so the highest profit the adversary can still achieve is as small as possible. The paper supplies an algorithm that returns a blocking set whose resulting maximum profit is at most 2+ε times the optimal blocking set, and it does so in time roughly n cubed times 1/ε with some log factors.

Core claim

We present a (2+ε)-approximation running in O(n^3 ε^{-1} log(ε^{-1} log ∑_i p_i)) time. Although a polynomial-time approximation scheme (PTAS) is already known for this problem, our algorithm is considerably simpler and faster.

Load-bearing premise

The analysis establishing the (2+ε) guarantee holds under the standard non-negativity of profits, interdiction costs, and weights together with the existence of an efficient subroutine for the underlying knapsack subproblems (details not visible in the abstract).

read the original abstract

In the knapsack interdiction problem, there are $n$ items, each with a non-negative profit, interdiction cost, and packing weight. There is also an interdiction budget and a capacity. The objective is to select a set of items to interdict (delete) subject to the budget which minimizes the maximum profit attainable by packing the remaining items subject to the capacity. We present a $(2+\epsilon)$-approximation running in $O(n^3\epsilon^{-1}\log(\epsilon^{-1}\log\sum_i p_i))$ time. Although a polynomial-time approximation scheme (PTAS) is already known for this problem, our algorithm is considerably simpler and faster. The approach also generalizes naturally to a $(1+t+\epsilon)$-approximation for $t$-dimensional knapsack interdiction with running time $O(n^{t+2}\epsilon^{-1}\log(\epsilon^{-1}\log\sum_i p_i))$.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

0 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript presents a (2+ε)-approximation algorithm for the knapsack interdiction problem that runs in O(n³ ε⁻¹ log(ε⁻¹ log ∑_i p_i)) time. It claims this algorithm is considerably simpler and faster than the known PTAS for the problem. The approach is shown to generalize to a (1+t+ε)-approximation for t-dimensional knapsack interdiction with running time O(n^{t+2} ε⁻¹ log(ε⁻¹ log ∑_i p_i)).

Significance. If the claimed approximation ratio and runtime are achieved, the result supplies a practical, easy-to-implement alternative to the existing PTAS for an important interdiction problem with applications in security and robust optimization. The simplicity of the construction and the natural extension to the multidimensional case are notable strengths that could facilitate adoption and further algorithmic development.

minor comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] In the abstract and introduction, the base of the logarithm in the running-time bound is not specified; adding this detail would improve precision.
  2. [Section 5] The statement of the generalization theorem for t-dimensional interdiction would benefit from an explicit theorem number and a short proof sketch in the main body to make the extension self-contained.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

0 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the positive review, accurate summary of our contributions, and recommendation for minor revision. We are pleased that the significance of the algorithm's simplicity, improved runtime, and natural generalization to the t-dimensional case has been noted.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity detected in derivation chain

full rationale

The paper presents a new algorithmic construction for a (2+ε)-approximation to knapsack interdiction, with the guarantee and runtime following directly from the described approach and standard non-negativity assumptions on inputs. No load-bearing step reduces by construction to a fitted parameter, self-definition, or self-citation chain; the PTAS comparison is external and the t-dimensional generalization follows the same explicit pattern. The derivation remains self-contained against the problem definition without internal reduction to inputs.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

Abstract-only review supplies no explicit list of free parameters or axioms beyond the standard non-negativity assumptions stated in the problem definition.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5456 in / 1019 out tokens · 50007 ms · 2026-05-08T14:19:23.246187+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.